思科Mesh网络部署方案.ppt

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1、1,无线网状网设计与部署Xiaogang WuApril 26,2007,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,2,AgendaMesh网络基本组成准备注意事项距离和带宽路径选择冗余设计安装注意事项4.1 update,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,3,Mesh网络基本组成Subtitle,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Sys

2、tems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,4,无线Mesh AP应用场景Point-to-PointBridgingPoint-to-MultipointBridging,Wireless MeshNetworking,Outdoor Wi-Fi Extension,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,5,户外无线网状网解决方案组成部件,Cisco WirelessControl Systems Wireless Me

3、shManagementSystem Enables network-wide policyconfiguration anddevicemanagement Supports SNMPand Syslog,Cisco WirelessLAN Controller Links theWireless MeshAPs to the wirednetwork Handles RFalgorithms andoptimization Seamless L3Mobility Provides Securityand Mobility Mgt,Roof-topAccess Point Serves as

4、“Root”or“Gateway”APto the wirednetwork Typically locatedon roof-tops ortowers Connects up to 32“Pole-top”APsusing 802.11a,Pole-topAccess Point Provides802.11b/g clientaccess Connects to RootAP via 802.11a Takes AC or DCpower;PoEcapable Ethernet port forconnectingperipheral devices,ReliableHardware,I

5、ndustry Proven Devices at Every Layer,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,6,Mesh AP基本概念Mesh APs automaticallyestablish connection tocontroller,MAP,RAP,Controller,Roof Top AP(RAP)via wiredconnectionPole-top AP(POP,also MAP),via self-configuring backhaulconne

6、ctionPole-top AP uses CiscosAdaptive Wireless Path Protocolto establish best path to Root,MAP,AP authenticates to controllerand downloads configurationand radio parameters,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,7,控制器选择Cisco WiSM300 APsCisco WLC 4404100 APsCisc

7、o WLC ModuleCisco WLC 440212-50 APsCisco Catalyst 3750G,Cisco 20006 APs,Integrated WLC Switch25-50 APs,2006,2106,2-6 APs,=50 APs部署规模,=100 APs,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,8,控制器选择New!Cisco 3750,New!,50 APs,Cisco 375025 APs,Cisco 4404100 APs,Cisco WiSM

8、300 APs,NM-AIR-WLC6-K9(=)NME-AIR-WLC8-K9(=)NME-AIR-WLC12-K9(=).ISR WLC Module,Cisco 4402-2525 APs,Cisco 4402-5050 APs,6 APWLCM-E8 or 12 APs,New!,Cisco 4402-1212 APs,Cisco 21066 APsH-REAP,1-2 APs,=2-6 APs,=12 APs,=25 APs,=50 APs,=100 APs,300 APs,Deployment Size,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.

9、All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,$0,9,无线控制器和网管典型配置,AIR-WLC4404-100-K9WCS-CD-K9WCS-STANDARD-K9WCS-APBASE-50,4400 Series WLAN Controller for up to 100 Lightweight APsCD With Windows And Linux.No License.WCS Top Level SKU for AP capacity options.Option Of WCS-Standard-K9 50 APs.License Only.,$73

10、,490$53$8,390,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,10,Aironet 1500 Lightweight Mesh AP Fixed Configuration,Dual Radio Outdoor AP802.11b/g-access;802.11a-backhaulS/W Upgradeable to 4.9GHz in Beringer(Mar 06)NEMA-4/IP66 EnclosureDimensions 13”x 6”x 8”Weight 12

11、 lbsHorizontal/Vertical swivel mounting bracketsIndustrial Grade Power SupplyLocal AC Power(95 260 VAC,47 to 63 Hz)Street Light Power TapDC Power over CAT5(48 VDC)Wind LoadsSustaining:100 MphGusts:160 MphTemperature ranges-40C to+55C,ReliableHardware,Ciscos Intensive MDVT and EDVT Standards,Presenta

12、tion_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,11,Aironet 1500 Lightweight Mesh AP,C ont.Bi-directional Amplifier for increasedTransmit/Receive Power2.4 GHz-24dBm5GHz-28dBmEmbedded 4.9 GHz Band,Firmware Upgrade required(Beringer)20 MHz channel,17 dBm Power,48 V DC/Ethernet110

13、AC/48Vdc Room forAC PowerPower expansion48 VDC-5312 BrdEthernet-2.4/5.7 GHzBi-directional Amplifiers,AC Power,WeatherProofOutdoorEnclosure,2.4 GHzN Connector,5GHzN Connector,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,$494,$238,$206,$238,12,AP1500产品订购双频和单频产品,AIR-LA

14、P1505G-E-K9AIR-LAP1510AG-C-K9典型配置,802.11b/g Outdoor Mesh AP w/N Conn,ETSI CfgAironet 1510 Lt Wt Outdoor Mesh AP w/N Conn,China Cfg,$6,298$8,398,ProductAIR-LAP1510AG-C-K9AIR-ANT58G10SSA-NAIR-ANT5175V-N=AIR-ANT2455V-N=AIR-ETH1500-150=AIR-PWRINJ1500=AIR-CORD1500-15NA=AIR-ACCPMK1500=AIR-PWR-ST-LT-TAP=,D

15、escriptionAironet 1510 Lt Wt Outdoor Mesh AP w/N Conn,China CfgAironet 5.8 GHz 9.5 dBi Sector Antenna4.9 GHz-5.8 GHz,7.5 dBi Omni with N Connector2.4 GHz,5.5 dBi Omni Ant.with N ConnectAironet 1500 Outdoor Ethernet Cable,150 ft.Aironet 1500 Power InjectorAironet 1500 AC Power Cord,15 ft.N.AmerAirone

16、t 1500 Pole Mount KitAironet 1500 Street Light Power Tap,105-260 VAC,List Price$8,398$334$254$478$238,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,13,天线选择Antenna Gains Certified,FREQUENCY BAND2.4 GHz4.9 to 5.850 GHz4.9 to 5.850 GHz5.4 to 5.850 GHzOrderable Antennas,

17、ANTENNA TYPEOmnidirectionalOmnidirectionalPatchPatch,MAX GAIN8 dBi7.5 dBi14 dBi(For Europe)17 dBi(For US),Part NumberAIR-ANT2455V-NAIR-ANT5175V-N,Description2.4 GHz,5.5 dBi Omnidirectional4.9 to 5.8 GHz,7.5 dBi Omnidirectional,AIR-ANT58G10SSA-N 5.8 GHz,9.5 dBi Sector,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Syste

18、ms,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,14,在无线控制器做Mesh配置,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,15,准备注意事项Subtitle,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,16,准备注意事项 Line of SightBeing a wireless device it is suscept

19、ible to common causes of interference that canreduce throughput and rangeInstall the AP in an area where structures,trees,or hills do not obstruct radiosignals to and from the bridgeInstall the AP at a height sufficient to provide line-of-sight orientations.Line of sight!,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco

20、Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,1.,2.,3.,17,准备注意事项 现场勘查Before installing multiple mesh APs,one should perform a site survey todetermine the optimum location of the mesh APs before installation takesplace.Range is effected by the following factors:Data rate:Sensitivity and Range i

21、s inversely proportional to data rateFreznel zone clearance:We must provide the Freznel Zone clearance forthe Radio signalAntenna type&placement:Higher the gain of the antenna,more is therange.Height of the antenna should be sufficient to clear Freznel zoneclearance and Earth Bulge,Presentation_ID,2

22、006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,18,准备注意事项 菲涅尔区（Fresnel Zone）Fresnel Zone,d1,d2,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,19,Freznel Zone clearanceThe Fresnel Zone is an imaginary ellipsoid which surrounds thestraight line path betwee

23、n the antennasThe required beam clearance is called Fresnel ZoneThe antennas must be high enough to allow the first Fresnel zone toclear the hills,earth bulge,buildings or treesF1=72.6 X SQR(Distance/4 X Frequency in GHz)Where F1=the first Fresnel zone radius(ft.)D=total path length(miles)f=frequenc

24、y(GHz),Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,20,菲涅尔区1st Fresnel ZoneMid PathNormally 60%of the first Freznel zone clearance is recommended.0.60 F1=43.3 x SQR(distance/4x Frequency in GHz),Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confi

25、dential,21,增强菲涅尔效果,1 mile=1609 米=5280 feet,To Improve the Fresnel effect:Raise the antennaNew structureExisting structureDifferent mounting pointRemove trees,Total Path Length(Miles)468101215,60%of First Fresnel zoneradius(feet)283439444854,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.

26、,Cisco Confidential,H=H1+H2,2,22,菲涅尔区和地面凸起2Height=D/8+43.3D/4F,H1=43.3 D/4F,43.3D/4F 60%first Fresnel Zone,H2=D/6 Earth bulge at midpathD=Distance Between AntennasH1=Added Antenna Height for Fresnel Zone Clearance in feetH2=Added Antenna Height for Earth Bulge Clearance in feetWhere,D is the Path Le

27、ngth in miles,and,F is the frequency in GHz,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,23,距离和带宽Subtitle,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,24,典型的链路部署距离Typical 5GHz RAP to MAP distances are 1000-4000 RAP locations are typ

28、ically towers or tall buildingsTypical 5GHz MAP to MAP distances are 500-1000 MAP locations are typically short building tops or streetlightsTypical 2.4 GHz MAP to Client distances are 300-500 Client locations are typically laptops,CPEs or professionally housemounted antennasThe distances depend upo

29、n Terrain,Clutter&Line of SiteConditions between Transmitter&Receiver1000=300米,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,25,802.11a 5GHz 回传距离RAP1000 feet is the,MAP,typical distance,between the nodesMAP,1000 FeetOne Square Mile,9 cells,Link Budget Window123 130 d

30、B,Path Loss exponent 2.3 to 2.7,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,MAP,26,2.4 GHz本地接入距离,Path Loss exponent 2.5 to 3.0Link Budget Window109 115 dBMAPHigher PLE due toGround-level Noise andInterference,MAP,600 feet(Typical distance)One Square Mile,25 cellsOn

31、e Square KM,10 cells,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,27,最短间隔 5 GHz,Tx Power,6,9,12,18,24,36,48,54,dBm,Mbps,Mbps,Mbps,Mbps,MAP,28 dBm25 dBm,7m5m,30 m20 m,20 m,MAP,22 dBm,3.5 m,15 m,15 m,15 m,The damage level is 10 dBmfor 5 GHz radio,19 dBm6 dBm,2.5 m1.8

32、m,10 m7.5 m,10 m7.5 m,10 m7.5 m,Assuming Antenna Gain of 7dBi for each AP in the BackhaulMax Receive input power level for 11a rates upto 0 dBmThis is much better than the 802.11 a specs,which require only-30 dBm,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,28,最短间隔

33、2.4 GHz,Transmitter,All 11b rates&,11g 24,36,48&,Power dBm,11g 6,9,12&18 54 MbpsMbps,7 dBi,20 dBm,1.8 m,5m,0 dBi,18 dBm14 dBm11 dBm,1.2 m0.89 m0.6 m,2m1.4 m1.0 m,20 dBm,Assuming Antenna Gain of 0 dBi for the client and 7 dBi for the APMax Receive input power level for 11b rates is+5 dBm,for 11g is-1

34、0 dBmThis is much better than the 802.11 b/g specs,which require only-20 dBmThe damage level is 15 dBm for 2.4 GHz radio,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,29,数据传输速率,802.11b802.11g802.11a,1,2,5.5,111,2,5.5,11,6,9,12,18,24,36,48,546,9,12,18,24,36,48,54,18 M

35、bps is the default fixed rate set for the backhaul We recommend to use 18 Mbps as the data rate for thebackhaul Data rates for all the APs in a bridge group must match,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,30,配置回传链接接口-MAPPath:WirelessAP detail(Cisco controlle

36、r)config ap bhmode,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,31,典型的数据吞吐量和延时Avg 2-3 mseclatency per hops,HOPSThroughput,One10Mbps,Two5Mbps,Three3Mbps,Fourup to 1Mbps*,*more data to becollected,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confi

37、dential,32,路径选择Subtitle,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,33,零配置 Zero Touch ConfigurationEstablishes Radio Role(RAP or MAP)Backhaul InterfaceRAP-uses configured Backhaul or defaults to 11aMAP-Scans the backhaul interface,finds a neighbor with the same Bri

38、dgeGroup Name&with a valid path to the Controller.If more than one neighbor,then uses Least Cost AlgorithmChannels:RAP uses configured channel or defaults to 161MAP follows the channel of the RAP on the backhaulData rates:RAP&MAP will use configured data rates.18 Mbps is thedefault data rate for 11a

39、 and recommendedTemporary Secure Connection:AP will send default shared key&MACaddress to the Controller.Controller will send back Shared Secret Key anddisconnectSecure LWAPP connection:AP will store the Shared Secret Key and use itfor LWAPP connection,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All righ

40、ts reserved.,Cisco Confidential,34,1510 AP 属性Role Indicates whether the Mesh AP is a RAP or MAPDefault Shared Key Used to get a Secret Shared KeySecret Shared Key Password that lets the APs communicate securelybefore an LWAPP session can be established with the ControllerBridge Group Name Logically

41、groups APs.Allows a customer to haveneighboring networks and not have them interfere with each otherBackhaul Interface The wireless protocol used to communicate withother APsChannel The specific channel over the backhaul interface that theBridged APs use to communicate to each otherPath This is the

42、easiest path with least cost back to the ControllerData Rate The rate that the data is shared between APs.This is fixed forthe whole networkFive of these properties must match for APs to communicate,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,35,射频模块角色 Radio Roles

43、Roof Top Access Point(RAP)mode-Wired LWAPP connection to the Controller RAP has only backhaul interface,and we donot recommend RAP to have local client access More than one RAP for the same Mesh for Redundancy Pole Top Access Point(MAP)mode-No wired connection for Mesh Wired connection for Bridging(

44、P2P or P2MP)Communicating directly to RAP,or to other MAPs and eventually to RAP Support wireless clients Auto mode-AP Boots up and decides automatically for RAP or MAP mode This mode is set by DefaultRadio Roles can be preconfigured only through Controller CLI,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc

45、.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,36,Bridge Group Name(BGN)Logically Groups APs and controls the association of the radiosRadios with same BGN will only associateAllows to assign nodes to different SectorsBGN helps in bifurcating large mesh networks in the same sector(by havingmore than one R

46、AP)One can avoid neighboring networks(may be on the same channel)tointerfere with each otherFor Adding Capacity we recommend that you have two RAPs in the samesector,with the same BGN,but on different ChannelsA NULL Value is assigned at the manufacturing-not visibleSo without defined BGN,radios can

47、still join network(assuming Zero TouchConfiguration is enabled),Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,37,回传接口 Backhaul InterfaceIs used to create wireless connection between thenodesOnly 11a(5.8 GHz)is available for the backhaul and itis the default settingBa

48、ckhaul interface will not associate any clientsMAPs will automatically use the same backhaul asconfigured in RAPBackhaul interface can be configured on the RAP/MAPvia CLI only,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,38,频段选择Channel Scanning Static Channel config

49、uration only possible on RAP“1500 Mesh AP”as a RAP will Default to backhaul Channel 161 MAP locks the channel to the first available Parent,So MAP scans 2.4&5 GHz bands only for 11a&11b No channel scanning on 11g data rates on the backhaul 5 second scan on each channel Default backhaul Channel for“R

50、EAP AP”is 52Channel Change Synchronized Channel Change to minimize the Packet Loss Initiated from RAP to MAP Uses Encrypted Action Management Frame,Local AccessBackhaul,Presentation_ID,2006 Cisco Systems,Inc.All rights reserved.,Cisco Confidential,39,Adaptive Wireless Path Protocol网络如何构成?Upon boot,a