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1、一、关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样，具有数种作用：在从句中代替先行词；在句中作状语；连接作用，把两个句子连接成为一个带有定语从句的复合句。,关系副词有三种：where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点.(on/in/atwhich)when:在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。(on/inwhich)why:在从句中作原因状语,指代原因。the reason why,关系副词where、when、why,二、关系副词的用法,时间,状语,否,地点,状语,否,原因,状语,否,Summarize:,在定语从句中关系副词都等于一个适当的介词加上which，在从句中作状语,When=in/at/o
2、n/+which;Where=in/at/on/+which;Why=for/+which,三、由关系副词(where when why)引导的定语从句。,1.Where 先行词是地点的名词，在定语从句中充当状语(=介+which),This is the factory.We worked in the factory 3 years ago.,This is the factory,which/that we worked in.,in which we worked.,where we worked.,2.when 先行词是表时间的名词，在定语从句中充当时间状语。(介+which),I
3、will remember the days.I stayed there in the days.,I will remember the days,when I stayed there.,in which I stayed there.,which I stayed there in.,3.why 先行词是表原因的名词，作原因状语。(=for+which),This is the reason.I cant finish it for this reason.,This is the reason,for which I cant finish it.,why I cant finish
4、 it.,Practice,1.I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that the reason_ you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where 2.Im going to visit the school _ my mother taught physics ten years ago.A.where B.that C.which D.what 3.Do you still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing?A.which
5、B.that C.when D.where,A,A,C,非限定性 定语从句,非限定性定语从句“六要点”一、非限定性定语从句与限定性定语从句的区别限定性定语从句,顾名思义,是对先行词从本质或特征上进行限制的一种定语从句,它所修饰的词代表一个(些)或一类特定的人或事、物。,e.g.A man who doesnt learn from others cant achieve much.一个不向别人学习的人是不能有多少成就的。A man被限定后,指一类特定的人.这类定语从句是不能去掉的,否则剩下的部分就失去意义不能成立,或者含义不清,甚至让人感到莫名其妙。非限定性定语从句则不然,它只对所修饰的词作进
6、一步的说明,去掉之后并不影响句子的整个含义。在形式上,非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常用逗号隔开。,e.g.Finally we visited the Giant Yangtze Gorges Dam,which is the greatest key water control project in the world at present.最后我们参观了长江三峡大坝,它是目前世界上最大的水利枢纽工程。,非限制性定语从句,The town where I live is beautiful.Kenli,where I live,is beautiful.,Teachers who are k
7、ind are popular with the students.Mr Wang,who is kind,is popular with the students.,Please compare:,插入成分,修饰限定,补充解释,不能,能,.的,二、引导非限定性定语从句时,只能用which(不用that)。e.g.Heat is another form of energy,which is as important as other kinds of energy.热是另一种形式的能量,与其他形式的能量一样重要。从句表补充说明,而且关系代词which不能换成that。,三、引导非限定性定语从
8、句的which可以指代前面的先行词,也可以指前面整个句子的含义。e.g.That Peter will marry Alice,which has not been announced yet,has spread around.彼特要娶爱丽斯这件事还没宣布,却已传得沸沸扬扬。句子中的which指彼特要娶爱丽斯这整个句子的意思。,四、除which外,还可用when,where,who等关系代、副词引导非限定性定语从句。e.g.After graduation,I decided to stay in Chongqing,where I spent my childhood and four y
9、ears of college life.毕业后,我决定留在重庆,在那里我曾度过了我的童年和四年大学生活。,6 The painter lived more than a decade in Europe,_ he could be in close contact with other cubists(立体派艺术家).A.where B.in which C.that D.in that,题型回顾,Albert Einstein left Germany for the United States during World War II,when Jews were badly treate
10、d in Germany.第二次世界大战期间,爱因斯坦离开德国去了美国,那时犹太人在德国受到不好的对待。,五、在限定性定语从句中作宾语时,引导词可以省略,但引导非限定性定语从句的关联词不能省。试比较:1.He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother,whom he loved and respected as his own mother.他急于想去医院看望他的继母,他把他的继母当作亲生母亲一样热爱和尊敬。,2.The American journalist(whom/who)the announcer mentioned in the news broadcast is said to have been killed by the gangsters.播音员在新闻广播中提到的那位美国记者据说已经被匪徒杀害了。两例中的关系代词都在从句中作宾语。由于第二例是限定性定语从句，可以省略关系代词；第一例中的引导词不能省略，因为它引导的是非限定性定语从句。,
