《Lesson定语从句.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Lesson定语从句.ppt（35页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、Lesson 1定语从句,什么是定语,让我们回忆一下初中的一些熟悉的句型：This is a red apple.This is a tall man.This is a handsome tall boy.This is the factory near our school.This is a basket full of fruits.,什么是从句,让我们回忆一下初中的一些熟悉的句型：I said that I would go there the next day.I dont know whats wrong with Susan.Do you know where the bus
2、station is?,翻译,一、这就是那个妇女。1.This is the woman.二、那个妇女昨天帮助了我。2.The woman helped me yesterday.三、这就是昨天帮助了我的那个妇女。3.This is the helped me yesterday woman.This is the woman the woman helped me yesterday.This is the woman _she helped me yesterday.This is the woman _ helped me yesterday.,(一)定义及相关术语,1.定语从句：修饰某
3、一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。,3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose,as 等。关系副词有：when,where,why,限制性定语从句连接词一览表,如何选择连接词？,黄金三部曲：第一步：首划先行词，区分人或物。第二步：看从句部分缺何种成分。（分析主谓宾定状补）第三部：根据分析，选择恰当的连词。,主谓宾定状补,The boy saw a butterfly flying in the small garden just now.
4、什么叫做“主谓宾”全齐？1.I bought an apple yesterday.2.I arrived in Beijing last month.3.I told him the story just now.4.The house was destroyed at that time.,让我们试着分析下面的句子。,Ill never forget the days _ I spent in Tibet.A.when B.whereC.that D.whomIll never forget the days _ I studied in Tibet.A.when B.whereC.tha
5、t D.whom,This is the house _ I visited yesterday.This is the house _ I lived five years ago.A.where B.thatC.when D.whom,关系词通常有下列三个作用：,A.引导定语从句；B.代替先行词；C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.,（二）关系代词引导的定语从句,1.who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。The boys who are playing football are fr
6、om Class One.2.whom 指人，在定于从句中作宾语，常可省略。Mr.Liu is the person(whom)you talked about on the bus.注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。The man(whom/who)you met just now is my old friend.,3.which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。The factory which makes computers is far away from here.This is the pen(which)he boug
7、ht yesterday.,4.that 指人时，相当于who 或whom;指物时，相当于which.在宾语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning？The season that/which comes after spring is summer.,5.whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。He has a friend w
8、hose father is a doctor.注意：指物是，通常用下列结构代替：Do you like the book whose cover is yellow？Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?,（三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常由“介词+关系代词”引出。The school(which/that)he once studied in is very famous.The school in which he once studied is very famous.Well
9、go to hear the famous singer(whom/who/that)we have often talked about.well go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.,注意：,1.含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for,look after,take care of 等。This is the watch(which/that)I am looking for.This is the watch for which I am looking.,2.若介
10、词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可以用whom,不可以用who,that;关系代词指物时只可以用which,不可以用that.关系代词是所有格时用whoseThe man with that/who you talked just now is my neighbour.()The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour.()The plane in that we fly to Canada was really comfortable.()The plane in which we fly to Canada was reall
11、y comfortable.(),3.“介词+关系代词”前还可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代词或者数词。He loves his parents deeply,both of whom are very kind to him.Up to now,he has written ten stories,three of which are about country life.,（四）关系副词引导的定语从句,1.when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。I still remember the day when I firs
12、t came to this school.2.where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。Shanghai is the city where I was born.3.why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。I dont know the reason why he looks unhappy today.This is the reason _ he gave me.,注意：关系副词引导的定语从句通常可用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。From the years when/in which he was going to primary school in the country
13、he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up.,(五)限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,A.限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号与主句隔开。意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。B.非限制性定语从句只是对先行词的补充说明。如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思，通常译成主句的并列句。,限制性定语从句举例：China is a country which has a long history.非限制性定语从句举例:His mother,who loves him very much,is strict with him.,注意
14、区分下列几组句子的不同含义：,1.Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college.她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。（含义：她还有其他哥哥。）Her brother,who is now a soldier,always encourages her to go to college.她哥哥是当兵的，总是鼓励她上大学。（含义：她只有一个哥哥。）,2.All the books that have pictures in them are well written.所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。含义：不
15、带插图的书则不一定写得好。All the books,which have pictures in them,are well written.所有的书都带插图，这些书都写得很好。含义：没有不带插图的书。,限定性定语从句只能用that 引导定语从句的情况：,1.当先行词是everything,anything,nothing(something除外),all,none,few,little,some等代词，或当先行词受every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等代词修饰时。Have you taken down everything that Mr.Li sai
16、d?There is little that I can do for you.anyone who/any man who,2.当先行词被序数词修饰时。The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.3.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。This is the best film that I have ever seen.4.当先行词被the very,the only修饰时。This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.After the fire in his house
17、,the old car is the only thing that he owes.注意:当先行词指人时，通常用关系代词who.Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting.,5.当先行词前面有who,which 等疑问代词时。Who is the man that is standing by the gate?Which is the T-shirt that fits me most6.当先行词为人与物或人与动物时。Look at the man and his donkey that at
18、e walking up the street.,关系代词与关系副词的选择,用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句主要看关系词在定语从句中的作用（即所担当的成分）。Compare：A.I know a place where we can have a picnic.I know a place which/that is famous for its beautiful natural scenery.,B.I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together.I will never forget the days t
19、hat/which we spent together.C.This is the reason why he was dismissed.This is the reason that/which he explained to me for his not attending the meeting.,1.The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.A.who B.about whom C.whom D.with whom2.Please take any seat_ is free.A.which B.whereC
20、.in which C.that,3.The boy _ composition won the first prize is the youngest in the group.A.who B.whoseC.that D.which4.Mr.Wang is a boss,_ factory Li Ping worked.A.in whose B.whose C.in whom D.of which,5.I dont like the way_ you speak to her.A./B.thatC.in which D.both A,B and C6.If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men,women will spend more time in the shop.A.that B.whichC.when C.where,The End,
