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1、Language Focus of Text A,A R _ Useful Expressions 1,Useful Expressions,1.面临，遭遇,be confronted with,2.仰头向上看,look up at,3.填写,fill out,4.属于,fall into,5.仅仅，不多于，不强于,nothing more than,6.转瞬即逝的念头,a passing whim,7.磨损，损耗,wear and tear,A R _ Useful Expressions 2,in spite of,look forward to,well off,out of place
2、,dated furniture,shortly after,go south,A R _ Useful Expressions 3,15.转折点,a turning point,16.与形成对比,in contrast to,17.对予以注意，致力于,focus on,18.归属感,a sense of belonging,19.遭遇困难,go through a rough time,20.久不消逝的微笑,a lingering smile,21.为感恩,be thankful for,22.收入最低的档次,the lowest income bracket,23.创作才能,the gif
3、t of creativity,24.对物质财富的追求,the pursuit of possessions,Sentence Paraphrases,D R _ Sentence 1,What does a Salvation Army bell ringer do?,To ring the bell and ask people to donate money to help the poor.,It was early December 2003,my first season as a Salvation Army bell ringer,when I was confronted w
4、ith the question.,Translate this sentence into Chinese.,首次面对这个问题，是在2003年12月初我第一次为救世军摇铃募捐的时候。,D R _ Sentence 2,Why did the boy ask such a question?,Because he was confused and curious.,I can still see the confusion and curiosity in his eyes as he asked,“Are you poor?”,How much did the boy know about
5、the Salvation Army bell ringer?,Obviously he knew nothing about that.,D R _ Sentence 3,How did the author think of the question?,He thought it was difficult to answer.,“Well,”I stammered,trying to think,“I have more than some people,but not as much as other.”,What does the authors answer mean?,This
6、means he is neither poor nor rich.,D R _ Sentence 4,What is“social no-no”?,Something that is socially inappropriate.,His mother scolded him for the social no-no.,Why did the mother scold her son?,Because the author looked poor,the question was socially inappropriate to ask.,What do many other people
7、 have?,The material things.,Please paraphrase this sentence.,However,I have only occasionally felt the urge to go after the material things so many other people have.,Yet I feel nothing more than a passing whim to attain the material things so many other people have.,D R _ Sentence 6,What is the“can
8、 do”attitude?,That is self confidence.,And I love the“can do”attitude that follows.,How do you understand this sentence?,And I love the feeling of self confidence brought by brisk exercises.,D R _ Sentence 7,What was their relationship after her visit?,Their relationship went sour.That is to say,the
9、y were no longer boyfriend and girlfriend.,Shortly after her visit,our relationship went straight south.,Why there was such a change in their relationship?,Because the girl actually paid much attention to material things although she claimed that she was interested in what was on the inside,and afte
10、r she went to the authors apartment,she found he was really poor.,D R _ Sentence 8,What is“a high-end TV”?,A TV that is expensive and of high quality.,There is a commercial on the radio that begins,“Everybody wants a high-end TV”The pressure to purchase is real.It may be true that everybody wants a
11、high-end TV.After all,nobody wants to be a nobody.,What can be inferred from this part about what role commercials can play in society?,Commercials can put people under pressure to purchase more than is really necessary.,D R _ Sentence 9,Why does the author think so?,Because December is the time for
12、 him to work for the Salvation Army as a bell ringer,which gives him a genuine sense of belonging and brings him happiness in helping others.,December is the time of year I feel wealthiest.,D R _ Sentence 10,Over the past four years,Ive grown to understand more about myself because of a single quest
13、ion from a curious child.,The boys question has helped him realize that,despite his lack of expensive possessions,he is rich in many other ways and should be thankful for that.,How has the boys question affected the author?,Translate this sentence into Chinese.,由于一个好奇的孩子提了一个简单问题，我在过去的四年中对自己的了解进了一步。,
14、D R _ word _ confront,confront:vt.,The difficulties that confront us seem insuperable.,1)(of a problem,difficulty,etc.)face(sb.)threateningly,A major difficulty that confronts international students is how best to judge the quality of a program in a foreign university.,2)(of a person)face and deal w
15、ith(a problem,difficulty,etc.),军人必须面对危险和死亡。,A soldier has to confront danger and death.,Astronauts have to confront the unknown.,D R _ word _ be confronted with,be confronted with:be brought face to face,conclusions that can be confronted with experience,The prisoner was confronted with his accusers
16、.,Language Points,donation:n.money or goods given for a good cause,They made a generous donation to charity.,他们对慈善事业慷慨捐助。,Collocation：,献血,a blood donation,捐赠,make/give a donation,允诺捐助,promise a donation,The hospital receives a good deal of money in donations.,D R _ word _ confusion,confusion:n.a sta
17、te of uncertainty about what sth.means,etc.,The enemy retreated in great confusion.,他们的突然到来打乱了我们的计划。,Their unexpected arrival threw our plan into confusion.,Collocation：,非常慌张,covered with confusion,乱七八糟，处于混乱状态,in confusion,使狼狈，使慌乱,throw into confusion,该词的动词为confuse，confusing意思是“令人困惑、迷惑的”，confused意思是
18、“糊涂的、混杂的”。,N.B.,D R _ word _ curiosity,curiosity:n.a strong desire to know about sth.,Just to satisfy my curiosity,how much did you pay for your car?,Collocation：,在好奇心驱使下,from/out of curiosity,公然出头过问与自己无关的事,in open curiosity,好奇伤身。,Curiosity killed a cat.,We burned with curiosity over what was in the
19、 box.,D R _ word _ stammer,stammer:v.speak with a tendency to repeat rapidly the same sound or syllable,Its cruel to make fun of people who stammer.,他结结巴巴地道了谢。,He stammered his thanks.,D R _ word _ deny,deny:vt.,There is no denying the fact that Japan began to invade China as early as the early 1930
20、s.,1)say that sth.is not true,2)refuse to admit or accept,He denied knowing anything about their plans.,D R _ word _ fill out,fill out:add information such as your name and address in(a form or document),请把附表填好。,Please fill out the attached blank.,It took me quite a while to fill out the questionnai
21、re.,D R _ word _ fall into,fall into:belong to(a particular group of things that have similar qualities),All whales fall into two groups,those with teeth and those without.,理事会成员们意见相左，分成自由和保守两个阵营。,The council members disagreed,falling into liberal and conservative camps.,D R _ word _ nothing more th
22、an,nothing more than:only,just,这只不过是个杜撰的故事而已。,It is nothing more than a made-up story.,Happiness is nothing more than good health and a bad memory.,D R _ word _ attain 1,attain:vt.succeed in achieving,esp.after a lot of effort,我决心不惜任何代价达到目的。,Im determined to attain my purpose at any cost.,She attain
23、ed her ambition of becoming a pilot.,Collocation：,达到目的,attain ones goal,有岁了,attain the age of,到达山顶,attain the top of a moutain,这四个词都是动词，都有“得到”、“获得”之意。,D R _ word _ attain 2,get,gain,obtain&attain,CF:,get 是最普通的用语，可指通过任何方式的获得，多用于 口语中。例如：,She got the highest score in fancy rope jumping.,她在花样跳绳中得分最高。,ga
24、in 多指在竞争中获得，所得的东西往往是有用的或是所期 待的。例如：,I hope you will gain the victory this time.,我希望你这次获得胜利。,D R _ word _ attain 3,By this method,we obtained a good result.,obtain 是书面语，指靠他人或自己努力而得到，强调结果 或目的。例如：,我们用这种方法获得了好结果。,Such a condition is very difficult to attain.,attain 强调达到完美的地步。例如：,这样的情况是很难达到的。,D R _ word _
25、 minimal,minimal:adj.very small in size or amount;as small as possible,暴风雨只造成极轻微的损失。,The Ford CEO offered to work for a minimal salary of one dollar a year.,The storm did only minimal damage.,该词的动词为minimize。反义词为maximal。,N.B.,D R _ word _ cherish,cherish:vt.love(sth./sb.)very much and protect them,Sh
26、e cherished the child as though he were her own.,Riding horses with my mother when I was a kid has become a cherished memory.,Collocation：,做的美梦,cherish fond dreams of,夙愿,cherished desire,热爱,cherish a deep love for,D R _ word _ fabricate,fabricate:vt.make up(a story,a piece of information,etc.)in ord
27、er to deceive people,Have you ever lied a little,or fabricated a story about yourself,to impress someone you meet the first time?,她缺席的借口显然是瞎编的。,The excuse for her absence was obviously fabricated.,D R _ word _ tickle,tickle:v.,The comedian tickled the crowd with his jokes.,It tickled her to think th
28、at her boss would dress up as a clown at the New Year party.,1)amuse and interest,2)move ones fingers on a sensitive part of anothers body in a way that makes them laugh,She tickled the boys feet and made him laugh.,婴儿喜欢呵痒和拥抱。,Babies like to be tickled and hugged.,D R _ word _ vital,vital:adj.very i
29、mportant,necessary,or essential,The leaders vital and cheerful manner filled his men with courage.,be vital to 对极为重要,Pattern:,This point is vital to my argument.,D R _ word _ well off,well off:rich,or having enough money to live well,The Communist Party of China will lead the Chinese people in build
30、ing a well-off society.,如果他年轻时多努力一点，现在就能过得舒服些。,If he had worked harder when young,he would be well off now.,emotional:adj.connected with peoples feelings,Nature has programmed us all with both physical and emotional needs.,His emotional language reduced many of the audience to tears.,D R _ word _ pu
31、rsuit,pursuit:n.the act of looking for or trying to find,He exercises every day in pursuit of health.,我们为追求幸福生活而努力工作。,We work hard in pursuit of happy life.,Collocation：,日常事务,daily pursuits,教育事业,educational pursuit,追逐利润,pursuit of profit,追求幸福,in ones pursuit of happiness,D R _ word _ out of place,ou
32、t of place:feeling uncomfortable or not suitable in a particular situation,Your jokes are out of place on such a solemn occasion.,在正式的舞会上，我感到局促不安，很不自在。,At the formal party I felt very awkward and out of place.,D R _ word _ in contrast to,in contrast to:when a contrast is made to,In contrast to her s
33、ister,she is very tall.,In contrast to his brother,he is always considerate of others.,D R _ word _ consequence1,consequence:n.a result of sth.that has happened,Jimmy experienced severe headache as a consequence of heavy drinking the night before.,这样一种错误可能导致灾难性的后果。,Such a mistake would perhaps lead
34、to disastrous consequences.,Collocation：,因而，结果,as a consequence,因此，结果,in consequence,的结果，因为的缘故，由于,in consequence of,有势力的，重要的,of consequence,自食其果，承担责任,take the consequences,D R _ word _ consequence2,effect,result&consequence这三个词都是名词，都有“结果”之意。effect 表示由某种原因直接产生的某一结况。result 表示某一事件的发生或某一行为所造成的结 果，有“最终的结
35、果”之意。consequence 表示由于逻辑推断得出的结果，或由于某种 原因、一些必要的条件而造成的结果。,CF:,D R _ word _ consequence3,Directions:Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form where necessary.,1.The dilemmas that parents find themselves in today is a of changes in society.2.I tried to persuade him,but with little or no.3.O
36、ne of the of this illness is that you lose your hair.4.It represents the of ten years labor.5.The high level of unemployment has produced harmful social.,consequence,_,effect,_,effects,_,result,_,consequences,_,TV commercials today are more imaginative than they were 20 years ago.,2.adj.relating to
37、business,He left the commercial world to become a government official.,商业函件,commercial correspondence,commercial:,1.n.an advertisement on TV or radio,D R _ word _ focus,focus:v.concentrate(ones attention,etc.)on(sth.);concentrate(on sth.),The only way to attain your goals is to stay focused and work
38、 hard.,You should focus your attention on your work.,D R _ word _ affluent 1,affluent:adj.rich enough to buy things for pleasure,In an affluent society people can afford to strike a balance between work and life.,自然资源丰富的土地,land affluent in natural resources,rich,wealthy&affluent这三个词都是形容词，都有“丰富”、“富有”
39、之意。,CF:,The rich get richer while the poor get poorer.,富人更富，穷人更穷。,rich 意为“有钱的”、“富有的”，其程度超过正常需要 的，语气强烈；形容人时，指拥有大量金钱、财产，其引申义为“富于”。例如：,D R _ word _ affluent 2,wealthy 指人、家庭或国家富有、安康、富裕；语气较缓，程度可大可小。尤指拥有大量财产、财富。例如：,Some wealthy people are likely to be philanthropists.,有些富人往往是慈善家。,Its our duty to build an
40、affluent and civilized society in the new century.,在新世纪建设一个富裕文明的社会是我们的义务。,affluent 意为“富裕的”、“富足的”，尤指家庭和社会，在 这一点上相当于wealthy，是较正式用语。例如：,D R _ word _ genuine1,genuine:adj.real,true,It appears to be genuine,but I have my suspicions about it.,他真心诚意地愿意帮助我们。,He has a genuine desire to help us.,real,true&gen
41、uine这三个词都是形容词，都有“真的”、“真正的”之意。real 普通用语，指真实的或与事实相符的。true 强调客观事实与实际情况相符合，兼有real的含义。genuine 指真实性是有据可查的。,CF:,D R _ word _ genuine2,Directions:Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form where necessary.,1.It is that the earth is round.2.Is this a Ming vase?3.This is a story of life.4.A mirag
42、e is not a object.5.silver,genuine,_,genuine,_,true,_,real,_,real,_,D R _ word _ go through1,go through:experience(sth.difficult or unpleasant),Hes amazingly cheerful considering all that hes gone through.,When he was a child,he went through one hardship after another.,孩提时代,他经历了一个又一个的艰难困苦。,D R _ wor
43、d _ go through2,Directions:Choose the appropriate the translation for the expression“go through”in the following sentences.,A.检查、审查、搜查B.完成、做完C.遭受、经历D.看完,D,_,C,_,1.How long will it take to go through the book?2.Im flattered that you went through all this trouble just for me.3.They went through our lu
44、ggage at the customs.4.With great concentration she went through the movements.,A,_,B,_,D R _ word _ linger 1,linger:vi,He lingered outside the school after everybody else had gone home.,2)take a long time to leave or disappear,1)last or continue for a long time,The beautiful melody is lingering in
45、my mind.,Before leaving Suzhou,we took a last lingering look at the beautiful view.,这三个词都是动词，都有“停留”、“逗留”之意。,D R _ word _ linger 2,stay,remain&linger,CF:,stay 是本组词中最普通的用语。或长期或短期，或永远或暂 时地停留。例如：,My car stays in the garage most of the week.,我的车子一周大部分时间都停放在车库里。,remain 强调维持原来的状态，表示“逗留”时比stay更正 式些。例如：,Litt
46、le of the original architecture remains.,原来的建筑现在留存很少了。,这三个词都是动词，都有“停留”、“逗留”之意。,stay,remain&linger,CF:,linger 意思是“逗留”、“徘徊”，尤指迟迟不愿离开的样 子。例如：,He should have gone out,but lingered over his meal till it was too late to catch the train.,他本该出门了，可还慢腾腾地吃饭，以致来不及赶火车了。,D R _ word _ individual,individual:1.n.per
47、son considered separately from their society,The welfare of the individual is bound up with the welfare of the community.,rights of individuals,个人权利,2.adj.of or for one person,A good coach knows how to take best advantage of the strength of each individual player on the team.,She has her own individ
48、ual way of walking.,D R _ word _ tangible,tangible:adj.that can be clearly seen to exist;that you can touch and feel,Sculpture is a tangible art form.,Tangible assets refer to those assets that have a physical form,such as machinery,buildings and land.,该词的反义词为intangible。,NB:,A R _ Sentence Translati
49、on 1,1.The pressure to purchase is real.It may be true that everybody wants a high-end TV.After all,nobody wants to be a nobody.,购买这种电视机的压力千真万确。也许每个人真的都想要一台高档电视机，毕竟没有人想做一个无名之辈。,Sentence Translation,2.I was standing just outside the doorway of a Wal-Mart,offering a“thank you”and a smile to each perso
50、n who dropped a donation into my red kettle.,当时我就站在沃尔玛商场入口处门外，对每一位向我的红壶里投入捐款的人都报以一声“谢谢”和一个微笑。,A R _ Sentence Translation 2,3.My 1999 car shows the wear and tear of 105,000 miles.But it is still dependable.,我的汽车是1999年的产品，到现在开了十万五千英里，已经很破很旧了，但是它依然可靠。,4.But there is one vital area of my life where I am
