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1、,Section Grammar&Writing,语法全面解读,写作全程领航,单元词汇活学活用,单元质量检测,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句要点精析一、限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句与主句关系密切，若去掉从句，主 句意义不完整，甚至不合逻辑。I was the only person in our class that was praised by the headmaster at the meeting.我是我们班唯一一个在会议上受到校长表扬的人。,This is the teacher who has taught for 30 years.这就是那位有30年教龄的老师。I will
2、show you to the supermarket where you can find eve-rything you want.我带你去一家超市，在那里你能找到你想要的一切东西。,二、非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句是指与主句关系不十分密切，只 对主句中的先行词起补充说明作用的定语从句。其 标志是主句和从句之间常用逗号隔开。1引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词指人时用who，whom；指物时用which；whose既可用来指人也可用来指物。This is our headmaster，who I think has something im-portant to tell you.这是我
3、们的校长，我认为他有一些重要事情要告诉你。,2引导非限制性定语从句的关系副词有when，where。当先行词指时间并且在定语从句中充当状语时用when；指地点并且在定语从句中充当状语时用where。He left his hometown in 1992，when he was only 12 years old.他于1992年离开家乡，当时他只有12岁。,My elder sister has become a doctor，which I wanted to be.我姐姐成了一名医生，我原来也想当医生的。That is his room，whose window faces south.那
4、是他的房间，房间的窗户朝南。,Chaplin lived the last years of his life in Switzerland，where he was buried in 1977.卓别林在瑞士度过了他的晚年，1977年他被安葬在那里。,三、非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别1关系词不同：关系代词that，关系副词why均不可引导非限制性定语从句。The house that I bought last month has got a lovely gard-en.我上个月买的那幢房子有一个漂亮的花园。Can you tell me the reason why the c
5、ar broke down?你能告诉我车子抛锚的原因吗？,2非限制性定语从句与主句关系不是很密切，中间常用逗号隔开，翻译时通常译成两个独立的句子；而限制性定语从句常与主句一起译成一句“的”。I have two foreign teachers，both of whom are from America.我有两个外教，他们都来自美国。The foreign teacher who comes from America teaches us literature.来自美国的那位外教教我们文学。,3非限制性定语从句的关系词无论在从句中作什么成分，均不可省略；而在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词可
6、省略。This is the man，whom we talked about just now.这就是那个人，我们刚才谈论过他。This is the man(that/who/whom)we are talking about.这就是我们正谈论的那个人。,1(2010全国卷I)As a child，Jack studied in a village school，_ is named after his grandfather.AwhichBwhereCwhat Dthat,解析：句意：还是孩子的时候，Jack 在以他祖父命名的乡村学校学习。根据选项此题考查从句，空格设置在名词school
7、后，且school后有逗号，可判断为非限制性定语从句。定语从句所修饰的先行词是school，它在定语从句中作主语，因此用关系代词which。,答案：A,2(2010四川高考)After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，_ turned out to be a wise decision.Athat BwhichCwhen Dwhere,解析：此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which代替前边整个句子。句意：大学毕业后，我们抽出一段时间去旅游，事实证明这是一个明智的决定。,答案：B,3(2009
8、全国卷)My friend showed me round the town，_ was very kind of him.Awhich BthatCwhere Dit,解析：题干中的逗号之后为非限制性定语从句，关系代词which指代前句的内容，且在从句中作主语。,答案：A,4(2009山东高考)Whenever I met her，_was fairly often，she greeted me with a sweet smile.Awho BwhichCwhen Dthat,解析：考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知空格处在从句中作主语，关系代词指代整个句子的内容，故选B。th
9、at不能引导非限制性定语从句。,答案：B,对点集训1The place_ interested me most was the Childr-ens Palace.Awhich BwhereCwhat Din which,解析：which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。,答案：A,2Im interested in_ you have said.Aall that Ball whatCthat Dwhich,解析：that引导定语从句，因为先行词是all，所以只能选A项。,答案：A,3He talked a lot about things and persons_ they remembe
10、red in the school.Awhich BthatCwhom Dwhat,解析：things和persons是先行词。当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人，又表示物的名词时，其关系代词要用that。,答案：B,4The reason_ he didnt come was_ he was ill.Awhy；that Bthat；whyCfor that；that Dfor which；what,解析：The reason why.was that.已成为一种固定句型，这一句型中的why和that不能随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有“因为”的含
11、义。,答案：A,5He is working hard，_ will make him pass the final exam.Athat BwhichCfor which Dwho,解析：此句是非限制性定语从句，用which引导，指代前句话的内容。,答案：B,6My neighbours used to give me a hand in time of trouble，_ was very kind of them.Awho BwhichCthat Dit,解析：此句是非限制性定语从句，用which引导，指代前句话的内容。,答案：B,7Smoking，_ is a bad habit，is
12、，however，popular.Athat BwhichCit Dthough,解析：which is a bad habit是非限制性定语从句。,答案：B,8She heard the terrible noise，_ brought her heart into her mouth.Ait BthatCthis Dwhich,解析：which引导非限制性定语从句。,答案：D,9The school_ Mr.White teaches English is a fa-mous one，_ was set up 100 years ago.Awhere；which Bwhich；in whi
13、chCwhere；that Dwhich；where,解析：第一个定语从句“Mr.White teaches English”中缺少与先行词the school相对应的地点状语，故应用关系副词where；第二个定语从句为非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语且先行词为指物的名词，故应用关系代词which。,答案：A,10On the first floor there are two rooms，the smaller of _ serves as a kitchen.Athat BwhichCwhere Dwhose,解析：先行词为two rooms，关系词在从句中作主语，又因其前面有介词of，故应
14、用关系代词which。,答案：B,11Mr.Smith is a teacher of much knowledge，_ much can be learned.Awhom Bfrom whomCfrom who Dwho,解析：learn from意为“向学习”，为固定搭配，在定语从句中from不能省略。在介词后应用关系代词whom，而不是who，故B项正确。,答案：B,12We grow our own fruit and vegetables，_ saves money，of course.Awhat Bwhich Cwhere Dthat,解析：分析句式结构可知，本句为非限制性定语从句
15、，且从句用来解释、说明前面整个句子，故只能用关系代词which。,答案：B,13Mr.Wang is a boss，_ factory Li Ping works.Ain whose Bwhose Cin whom Dof which,解析：定语从句的主语factory缺少定语，应用关系词whose引导；“在地方工作”应用介词in，in可以放在whose前，也可以放在works之后。,答案：A,14The old man remembered the very day_ he saw the Nazis kill his neighbours.Awhich Bthat Cwhere Dwhen
16、,解析：先行词为表示时间的名词，且从句中缺少时间状语，故应用关系副词when。,答案：D,15One of the most beautiful natural wonders in the United States is the Grand Canyon，_ is located in northwestern Arizona.Athere Bwhere Cthat Dwhich,解析：考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为指物的名词，且关系词在从句中作主语，故应用which来引导从句。,答案：D,讨论报告题目要求 你们班同学以“什么是幸福”为主题举行了一场讨论会，请根据以下不同观点，以“On h
17、appiness”为题写一篇英语短文，谈谈你对幸福的看法。1有人认为有钱就是幸福；2有人认为健康就是幸福；3有人认为从父母那里得到财富就是幸福；4你自己的观点。注意：1.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2词数：120左右。,联想词汇写出下列单词或短语1拥有_2健康的 _3重要的 _4重视 _5同意某人的观点 _,答案：1.have/own/possess2.healthy/be in good heal-th/fit3.important/be of great importance4.value/attach importance to/think much of5.agree with s
18、b.,由词连句完成下列句子1如果我们有很多钱，我们就能买我们想要的东西。If we have much/a lot of money，we_.If having much/a lot of money，we_.,答案：can/will be able to buy anything(that)we want；can/will be able to buy whatever we want,2虽然人们对幸福所持的观点不一，但我依然相信拥有知识才是幸福。_ people value happiness_，I still believe having knowledge is happi-ness.
19、,答案：Although/Though；differently,类文通法 课程讨论报告写作应注意以下几点：1主题鲜明。讨论主题必须开门见山地提出，从而使讨论过程有的放矢。2层次分明。能够把各方观点的陈述以及理由分别运用各种句式表达清楚，并突出观点的对比。3结论观点清晰，不能含糊其辞。讨论的结果要表述清楚，你支持哪一方，反对哪一方或有什么独到见解，并说明理由。4语言准确、流畅、朴实，并注意对比性语言的运用，如compared with，on the contrary，while(然而)等。,Mary likes Chinese very much.She spends most of her s
20、pare time going everywhere things or made by famous，such as furniture，hats and of all，which have for a long time.One day she visited her friend，John，in whose house she was to find some that reflected the period when China was with Japan.They were some drawn by,cultural relics,in search of rare,desig
21、ned,artists,valua-,ble wooden,fancy,vases,styles,survived,amazed,amazing evidence,at war,paintings,Zhang Daqian，in one of which some Chinese people were fighting hard with the invaders，some bombs and many Chinese people were killed.John told her that the paintings his grandfather and his parents use
22、d to the house with them.Mary a few of them and gave John some china that was the money.In order to show respect for the Chinese,local,ded,belonged to,decorate,selected,in return,worth,explo-,culture，both Mary and John made up their minds to offer the paintings to China.But their parents didnt agree
23、 with th-em.They for two hours，and at last their parents gave in.There is no that their kindness will be by the government of China and the Chinese peo-ple.,debated,doubt,thought,highly of,玛丽非常喜欢中国文物。她的大部分业余时间都花在了去各地搜寻由著名艺术家设计或制造的稀有物品。比如，有价值的木制家具、奇特的帽子和各种样式的花瓶，这些东西都是经过很长时间幸存下来的。有一天，她去拜访她的朋友约翰，在约翰家里她惊奇地发现了一些令人吃惊的反映中日战争的证据。那是一些张大千画的画，其中的一幅画上，当地一些中国人正在与侵略者,进行艰苦的战斗，炸弹爆炸了，很多人被炸死了。约翰告诉她，这些画是属于他爷爷的，过去他父母常用这些画来装饰房子。玛丽挑选了几张画，作为回报，她给了约翰一些同等价值的瓷器。为了表示对中国文化的尊重，玛丽和约翰决定把画赠送给中国。但是他们的父母却不同意。他们争论了两个小时，最终他们的父母作出了让步。毫无疑问，他们的好意一定会得到中国政府和人民的高度赞扬。,点此图片进入单元质量检测,
