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1、新教材北师大版英语选择性必修第四册UNIT11UNIT11高频词汇知识点清单UNIT11CONFLICTANDCOMPROMISE高频词汇精讲1. inquirevi.&vt.询问,打听Pleasegivemeyouraccountnumber,sir,andllinquireandmakesuretheissueisresolvedassoonaspossible.先生请把您的账号给我,我会尽快查询并确保这个问题得到解决。（教材Pm）情景导学Sheinquiredofapasser-bywherethestationWaS.她问一个路人车站在哪里。Inspectorswereappointe
2、dtoinquireintotheaffairsofthecompany.检查员被任命调查该公司的事务。Studentshavebeencallingallmorningtoinquireaftertheirteacher.整个上午学生们不断打电话来问候他们的老师。IamwritingtoinquireabouttheopportunitytodothewebsitemaintenancefortheStudentsUnion.我写信是为了询问为学生会做网站维护的机会。（写作一申请信）用法归纳l）iquireintoSth.调查/查究某事nquireaboutSth.打听/询问某事nquire
3、aftersb.向某人问好问候某人4）iquiresth.ofsb.向某人询问/打听某事词汇拓展inquiryn.探究;调查;询问inquirern.询问者;调查者2. annoyedadj.烦恼的,生气的msomewhatannoyedwithmyselfrecently.我最近对自己有点生气。（教材Plll）情景导学Iwasannoyedthattheyhadntturnedup.我恼怒的是他们没有露面。Iwasannoyedabout/athisattitudetowardsthething.他对这件事的态度使我很生气。Thebosswasannoyedwithhimbecausehew
4、asoftenlateforworkthismonth.老板对他很生气,因为他这个月经常上班迟到。用法归纳1beannoyedwithsb.对某人生气beannoyedabout/atSth.因某事而生气beannoyedthat/todo.（某人）恼怒的是（做）词汇拓展annoyingadj.令人讨厌的,令人恼怒的Hermostannoyinghabitwaseatingwithhermouthopen.她最让人讨厌的习惯就是张着嘴吃东西。annoyvt.使恼怒,使生气Itannoysanoyedsb.todo让某人生气的是做Itannoysmetoseehimgettingaheadofm
5、e.我看见他领先于我心里就不痛快。(3aoyacen.恼怒;生气烦施3. ashamedadj.内疚的,惭愧的,羞愧的;羞于mashamedtoadmitthatIreallystrugglewithmyselfaboutplayingmobilegames.我不好意思承认我在玩手机游戏时真的很纠结。（教材Plll）情景导学IamashamedtosaythatIliedtoher.我羞于说我向她撒了谎。ShewasashamedthatshewasShabby.她因为自己衣衫褴褛而感到羞愧。Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings,ourmistakesandou
6、rfailures.我们常常为自己的缺点、错误和失败感到羞愧。（2020全国I）用法归纳beashamedof因感到惭愧beashamedtodoSth.羞于做某事beashamedthat.（某人）羞愧的是词汇拓展shamen.羞耻羞愧惭愧憾事;耻辱Whatashame/pity!真遗憾/可惜！toonesshame令某人惭愧的是Itsashamethat.真遗憾Tomyshame,Ineverdidsomethingforyouwhenyouwereintrouble.令我惭愧的是,在你有困难的时候,我从来没有为你做过什么。ItsashamethatMr.Smithcannotattend
7、tomorrowspartybecauseofhissudden川ness很遗憾,史密斯先生因为突然生病不能参加明天的聚会了。ShamefUladj.可耻的shamefulbehavior可耻的行为4. assignvt.分配,分派指派（任务）Byassigningyourselfagoal,youwillknowwhatyouhavetofinishbytheendofthetime.通过给自己指定一个目标,你就会知道到这段时间结束时你必须完成什么。（教材P112）情景导学Theteacherassignedadifferenttasktoeachofthechildren.老师给每个儿童布
8、置的作业都不同。Theforceshavebeenassignedtohelpwithpeacekeeping.军队已经被派遣协助维持和平。用法归纳assigsb.todoSth.指派某人做某事（2）assigsth.tosb.=assigsb.Sth.把某事物分配/分派给某人词汇拓展assignmentn.任务作业;分派,布置Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignmentsduringthecourse.课程期间学生将分组合作以完成四项作业。（2022全国新高考I）5. complaintn.投诉,抱怨Hemovedoutofhisrente
9、dflataftercomplaintsfromhisneighboursaboutdisturbingthepeace.在邻居们投诉（他）扰乱治安后他搬出了租来的公寓。（教材P30）情景导学mwritingtoyoutomakeacomplaintaboutyourproduct.我写信给你是为了对你们的产品提出投诉。（写作一投诉信）用法归纳makeacomplaintabout/against对提出投诉afloodofcomplaints大量投诉词汇拓展complainv.抱怨complain（tosb.）about/Of（向某人）抱怨COmPIainOfSth.诉说（病情或痛苦）Thec
10、ouplecomplainedtotheirfriendsaboutthehighcostofvisitingEurope.这对夫妇向他们的朋友抱怨到欧洲旅行的高昂花费。6. voten.投票（指行为）;票数;表决v.投票;表决Wetookavote,andcametoaresolution.我们进行投票,达成了一项决议。（教材P30）情景导学1.etshaveavoteonit.让我们就此事进行表决吧。WevotedforJimsideaabouttheProgram.我们投票赞成吉姆关于这个项目的主意。PeoplevotedagainstHenrywhooftentellslies.人们投
11、票反对经常说谎的亨利。Thepeopleofthestateswillvotetoelectanewpresident.各州的人民将投票选举新总统。Congressisnowdebatingthemotionandwillvoteonitshortly.现在国会正在讨论这项动议,不久将对此进行表决。用法归纳take/haveavoteonSth.对某事物进行表决votefor/againstsb./sth.投票赞成/反对某人/某事物VOteonSth.就某事物表决votetodosth.投票做某事词汇拓展votern.选举人投票人7. warningn.警告,警示告诫先兆adj.警告性的Weg
12、aveMaMingaWaming.我们警告了马明。（教材P30）情景导学ThesoldiersopenedfirewithoutWarning.士兵们在没有先兆的情况下开了火。Doctorsissuedawarningagainsteatinganyfishcaughtinthatriver.医生发出警告不要吃在那条河里捕的任何鱼。Shesaidnothingbutgavehimawarninglook.她什么都没说,但给了他一个警告的眼神。（读后续写一神态描写）用法归纳（Dwithoutwarning在没有先兆的情况下averbal/writtenwarning口头/书面警告issue/gi
13、veawarningagainst发出警告不要awordofwarning一句提醒,一句警告ahealthwarning健康警告6）aflood/tornadowarning洪水/龙卷风警报awarningsigalsign警告信号/警示标志词汇拓展warnv.警告;提醒注意;告诫warnsb.that.提醒某人注意warnsb.of/aboutsth.提醒某人注意某事物warnsb.todosth,警告/告诫某人做某事warnsb.nottodosth.=warsb.againstdoingsth.警告/告诫某人不要做某事Theywarnedhimof/aboutthedangersofsa
14、ilingalone.他们提醒他注意独自航行的重重危险。Iwarnedyounottowalkhomealoe.=lwarnedyouagainstwalkinghomealone.我告诫过你不要一个人步行回家。8. departuren.离开,起程MaMingsdeparturehaspleasedhisneighbours.马明的离开让他的邻居们很高兴。（教材P30）情景导学Afewdaysafterourdeparturefromthecamp,ourcarwaswellandtrulystuckinthemud.我们离开营地几天后,我们的车完全陷在泥里了。（译林选择性必修三）Doyou
15、knowwhatliesbehindhersuddendepartureforLondon?你知道她突然去伦敦的真正原因吗？用法归纳departurefor起程去Odeparturefrom离开词汇拓展departv.离开,起程,出发departfor.起程去departfrom.离开;从出发InthemorningMr.McDonalddepartedforSydney.麦克唐纳先生早上起程去了悉尼。FlightsforRomedepartfromTerminal3.飞往罗马的班机从3号航站楼出发。9. toleratevt.忍受忍耐;容忍,容许;宽容Hecouldnolongertoler
16、ateit.他再也忍受不了了。（教材P31）情景导学TheteacherdoesnttolerateeatinginCIaSS.老师不容许在课堂上吃东西。Chineseparentswonttoleratetheirchildrenknockingonthebowlwithchopstickswhenhavingdinner.中国的父母不容许他们的孩子在用餐时用筷子敲碗。（写作一餐桌礼仪）用法归纳（DtoleratedoingSth.容许做某事toleratesb.doingSth.容许某人做某事词汇拓展tolerancen.容忍;宽恕tolerantadj.宽容的,容忍的betolerant
17、of/towards.对宽容Asagoodleader,shewasalwaystoleranttowardsdifferentviews.作为一名优秀的领导者,她对不同的观点总是很包容。tolerantlyadv.宽容地容忍地tolerableadj.可忍受的;过得去的tolerablyadv.相当倘可10. botherv.（使）担心,（使）生气（使）苦恼;花费时间/精力;给造成麻烦SheaddedthatitwasntonlythewaterfallingontotheirbalconyfromSmithwateringhisplantsthatbotheredthem,butalsot
18、hewayhecleanedhisfishtanks.她补充说,让他们生气的不仅是史密斯给他的植物浇水时洒落到他们阳台上的水,还有他清理鱼缸的方式。（教材P31）情景导学Idontwanttobotherherwithmyproblemsatthemoment.我此刻不想让她为我的事操心。Hedidntevenbothertoletmeknowhewascoming.他甚至都没通知我他要来。IdontknowwhyyoubotherwiththatCroWd.我弄不懂你为什么和那伙人浪费时间。Myolderbrothercouldntbebotheredtoplaywithme.我哥哥懒得和我
19、一起玩。（2020浙江）Itbothersmetothinkofheraloneinthatbighouse.想到她孤零零地待在那所大房子里,我便坐立不安。用法归纳Ijbothertodo/doingsth.花费时间/精力做某事bothersb.with/aboutsth.使某人为某事操心;为某事麻烦某人Itbotherssb.todo/that.使某人烦恼/不安的是（做）botherabout/with在上花费时间/精力cant/Ce）UldntbebotheredtodoSth.不想花时间/精力做某事Whybother?何必那么麻烦？Dontbother.不用麻烦了。11. withdra
20、wv.（使）退出（活动、组织等）;（使才敬回;取（款）;不与人交往Thisdoesnotsolveanyproblemandthepersonwhowithdrawsfeelsmoreandmoreangrywiththeotherperson.这并不能解决任何问题,并且退出的人会对对方感到越来越生气。（教材P113）情景导学Shesbeginningtowithdrawintoherself.她开始变得不爱与人交往了。Thiscreditcardallowsyoutowithdrawupto$100,000adayfromcashdispensers.这张信用卡可以让你一天从自动取款机上提取
21、最多10万美元。Shedhalfexpectedhimtowithdrawfromthecourse.她多少已经预料到他会退出这门课程。（读后续写一心理描写）用法归纳WithdraWintooneself离群索居,不与人交往WithdraWfrom从撤出/退出WithdraWfrom从提取;使从撤回;使退出词汇拓展withdrawaln.撤走;取回;退出;（从银行账户中）提款,取款Youcanmakewithdrawalsofupto$10,000aday.你一天可以从银行账户中提取最多1万美元。12. panicn.惊恐,惶恐,惊慌v.（使）惊慌,惊慌失措Thecalmendedandpan
22、icsetin.平静结束了,恐慌开始了o（教材P36）情景导学ThemenonboardwereinPanie.船上的人惊慌失措。Youhavebeenstudyinghard,sotheresnoneedforyoutogetintoapanicabouttheexams.你一直都努力学习,所以你没有必要为考试而陷入恐慌。（写作一建议信）Rumourspanickedmanycitizensintofloodingintosupermarketstobuysalt.谣言令许多市民仓皇地涌入超市买盐。用法归纳in（a）panic恐慌（地）,惊慌失措（地）getintoapanic陷入恐慌amo
23、mentofpanic一时惊慌thepanicOVer/about对的恐慌PaniCsb.intodoingSth.使某人仓皇地做某事DontPaniC!别慌！特别提醒panic的过去式和过去分词分别是panicked、panickedo词汇拓展panickyadj.焦虑不安的,惊慌的13. distributeVt分发,分配,分送;使分布;分销Billdistributedthebeeramongusandweconsumedalot.比尔把啤酒分给我们,我们喝了很多。（教材P37）情景导学Themoneywasdistributedamongschoolsinthearea.这笔款项是在本
24、地区的学校中分配的。Theorganizationdistributedfoodtotheearthquakevictims.这个机构向地震灾民分发了食品。MostofChinasdatacentersaredistributedintheeasternregionsatpresent.目前,中国大部分数据中心分布在东部地区。（ChinaDaily）用法归纳distributeto把分发/分配给distributeamong在中分发/分配词汇拓展distributionn.分配;分布;分发,分送;经销distributorn.经销商;分销商14. dozennum.一打;十几个Well,the
25、VIPshappenedtobeageneralandagroupofaboutadozenpeople.嗯,贵宾碰巧是一位将军和一群人,有大约十几个。（教材P37）情景导学Wealreadyhavemanypencils,butweneedtwodozenofthepens.我们已有许多铅笔,但我们需要两打钢笔。Webuyeggsbythedozen,whichmeansatleasttwelveatatime.我们成打地买鸡蛋,也就是说一次至少买十二个。Whenthesupermarketopensinthemorning,youcangetadiscountifyoubuytwodoze
26、neggsOrmore.当超市早上开门时,如果你买两打或更多的鸡蛋,你可以获得折扣。Thefirehasalsoleftdozensofpeopleinjured,5ofwhomareinacriticalcondition.大火还造成数十人受伤,其中5人伤情危急。用法归纳dozensof许多;几十个bythedozen大量地;成打地dozen与具体数字连用时,其后一般不接介词of;但当dozen后面的名词被the、thesexthose等词限定或其后接的是us、them这样的人称代词时,dozen后要接介词ofo15. appreciationn.感激;欣赏;理解,同情Asthegenera
27、lhandedhimthewatch,ufromthearmy,toshowourappreciation,thekidmoreorlessthrewthewatchbackathim.当将军将那块“来自军队,为了表示我们的感谢”的表递给他时,这个孩子几乎是将表扔回给他。（教材P37）情景导学Shewantedtoshowherappreciationfortheirselflessservice.她想对他们无私的服务表示感谢。（读后续写一心理描写）Pleaseacceptthisgiftinappreciationofallyouvedoneforus.请接受这份礼物,作为对你为我们所做的一
28、切的感谢。Understandinghergoodintentions,IeatallthefoodthatisprovidedbyMomwithappreciation理解了妈妈的好意,我感激地吃她提供的所有食物。（2020全国III）用法归纳Withappreciation感激地（2）showexpressonesappreciationfor.对表示感谢inappreciationof作为对的感谢developanappreciationOf培养对的欣赏力词汇拓展appreciatev.欣赏;感激;领会appreciate（sb.）doingsth.感激（某人）做某事Iwouldappr
29、eciateitif假如,我将不胜感激。Wewouldappreciateyoulettingusknowofanyproblems.如有任彳可问题,请告诉我们。Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoconsideration.如果你能考虑我的申请,我将不胜感激。（写作一申请信）appreciativeadj.感激的;欣赏的16. banVt,禁止,取缔n.禁令,禁止Inmyopinion,weshouldgofurtherandbanadvertisementsforanyunhealthyproductssuchasalcohol
30、andfriedfood.在我看来,我们应该更进一步,禁止任何不健康产品的广告,如酒和油炸食品。（教材P40）情景导学Agreatmanysmokersalsosupportthebanonsmokinginpublic.很多烟民也支持禁止在公共场所吸烟。Overthelastsevenyears,moststateshavebannedtextingbydrivers.在过去的七年里,大多数州都禁止司机发短信。（2022全国新高考Il）Hesaysthereisanewlawthatbansdriversfromtalkingonthephonewhiledriving.他说有一项新法律禁止
31、司机开车时打电话。Bannedfromthehotelsince2001,Burchillisnowwelcometocomeback.自2001年起该酒店就禁止伯奇尔入住,现在欢迎他回来。（2021全国甲）用法归纳athebanonSth.针对的禁令impose/Iiftaban（on.）颁布/解除（对的）禁令bansth.禁止某事（物）4bansb.from（doing）sth.禁止某人做某事;禁止某人去某处17. harmvt.伤害n.损害危害Undoubtedly,unhealthyproductsharmourhealth.毫无疑问,不健康的产品危害我们的健康。（教材P40）情景导学
32、Thecourtcasewilldoseriousharmtomybusiness.这起诉讼案件将严重损害我的生意。Hemaysayno,buttheresnoharminasking.他可能会说不,但问一问也无妨。用法归纳1 ）harmtheenvironment损害环境doharmtosb.sth.=dosb./sth.harm对某人/某物有害Thereisnoharmin（sb.s）doingsth.=Itdoesnoharm（forsb.）todosth.做某事（对某人来说）没有害处。4 physica!/emotionalharm身体/情感伤害meannoharm没有恶意易混辨析ha
33、rm指“损害,使受伤害”，可用于抽象事物wound指“伤害,使受伤”，主要指枪、刀、剑等武器对身体造成的创伤,也可指感情上的伤害;作为及物动词,其宾语是整个人而不是受伤的部位injure指“使受伤,伤害”，尤其指在事故中受到伤害,常暗示受伤部位的功能受到影响hurt指“使人的肉体受伤或疼痛”或“伤了人的自尊心或感情”，用作形容词时只能作表语,不能作定语Tominjuredhisleginanaccidentandarobberwoundedhimintheshoulderthathurtbadly,whichharmedhisfuture.汤姆在一次事故中伤了腿,一个抢劫犯打伤了他的肩膀肩膀痛
34、得厉害,这损害了他的将来.词汇拓展harmfuladj.有害的beharmfulto.对有害Fruitjuicescanbeharmfultochildrensteeth.果汁可能会损坏儿童的牙齿。harmlessadj.无害的18. concludev.作出结论推断出;（使）结束;达成什办定）Toconclude,lawstobanTVadvertisementsforunhealthyproductsarebeneficialtoSe）Ciety.总之,禁止不健康产品的电视广告的法律对社会是有益的。（教材P40）情景导学Whatdoyouconcludefromthat?你从那件事中得出了
35、什么结论？HeconcludeseachchapterwithashortSUmmary.他以一个简短的总结结束每一章。Heconcludedfromtheirremarksthattheywerenotinfavouroftheplan.他从他们的言论中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。Itwasconcludedthatthelevelofchangenecessarywouldbelow.结论是,需要作出的变更程度很低。Toconclude,peoplearoundtheworldshouldbeawareoftherealsituationofthewatershortage.总之,世界各地的
36、人应该意识到水资源短缺的真实情况。（写作一节约用水）用法归纳toconclude总之,最后Itisconcludedthat.结论是ConClUdefrom从中推断出conclude（from.）that.（从中）推断出ncludesth.withsb./sth.与某人达成协定,以某物结束某事物词汇拓展conclusionn.结论,推论;结束,结局;达成incoclusion（=toconclude）总之;最后reachdrawcoretoaconclusion得出结论reach/cometotheconclusionthat.断定彳导出结论jump/leaptotheconclusionth
37、at贸然断定lconclusion,walkingisacheap,safe,enjoyable,andreadilyavailableformofexercise.综上所述,散步是一种廉价、安全、有趣而又随时可以开展的运动形式。（写作一散步的好处）Fromhislesson,wereach/cometotheconclusionthatitisnotdifficulttolearnEnglishwellifwefindagoodway.从他的课上我们得出结论,如果我们找到好的方法,那么学好英语并不难。19. beneficialadj.有利的,有帮助的,有用的Toconclude,lawst
38、obanTVadvertisementsforunhealthyproductsarebeneficialtoSoCiety.总之,禁止不健康产品的电视广告的法律对社会是有益的。（教材P40）情景导学Personally,Ithinkthisplanisverybeneficialtousstudents.我个人认为这个计划对我们学生非常有益。Workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst.早餐前锻炼可能比先吃早餐更有益于健康。（2020江苏）用法归纳bebeneficialto/for对有益词汇拓展be
39、nefitV得益对有好处;使受益n.好处;利益优势benefitfrom/by.从中受益得益于get/gain（a）benefitfrom.从中受益forthebenefitofsb.=forsb.,sbenefit为了某人的利益Everyoneofuscanbenefitfromphysicalexercise.我们每个人都能从体育锻炼中受益。（写作一体育锻炼）Weneedpeopleworkingforthebenefitofthecommunity.我们需要为社区利益工作的人。20. recoveryn.康复痊愈;改善,复苏;收回Althoughdoctorsdontfullyunder
40、standcomasandtheprocessofrecovery,itisgenerallyagreedthatapatientschancesofrecoverydeclinethelongertheystayinacoma.尽管医生们并不完全了解昏迷和康复的过程,但人们普遍认同,病人处于昏迷状态的时间越长,康复的可能性就会变小。（教材P43）情景导学MyfatherhasmadeafullrecoveryfromtheC）Peration.我父亲手术后已完全康复了。Theoperationwasasuccess.Shesnowinrecovery.手术很成功,她现在正在恢复中。用法归纳i
41、nrecovery在恢复中（a）recoveryfrom从中恢复/痊愈makeafullrecovery完全康复4makeaquick/slowrecovery恢复迅速/缓慢aneconomicrecovery经济复苏arecoveryin.方面的改善/复苏词汇拓展recoverV.恢复健康,康复;恢复常态;找回,寻回;恢复;重新控制recoverfrom.从中恢复过来recoveroneself镇定下来recoverSth.(from.)(从)寻回某物ThepoliceeventuallyrecoveredthestolenPaintingS.警方最终追回了失窃的油画。Theplayeris
42、undergoodtreatmentandhewillrecoverfromhisinjurybeforelong.这名运动员正在接受良好的治疗,不久就会从受伤中康复。21.requestn.&vt.请求,要求Staffatafamouscompanyisusedtodealingwithrequestsforcompensationfollowingpoorweather,cancelledflightsandlostluggage.一家著名公司的员工习惯了处理恶劣天气、航班取消和行李丢失后的赔偿金请求(教材P45)情景导学Theyhavemadeanurgentrequestforinte
43、rnationalaid.他们紧急请求国际援助。Attherequestoftheteachers/AttheteachersrequesttheprofessorwillgiveusaIeetUre.应老师们的请求,这位教授将给我们讲课。ThecommitteerequestedagrantfromtheGovernmenttocovertheextraexpense.委员会请求政府拨款以支付这笔额外的费用。Myparentsrequestedmetolearnasecondlangage.=MyparentsrequestedthatI(should)learnasecondIangUag
44、e.我父母要求我学习第二语言。Itisrequestedthatallthevisitors(should)nottakeanypicturesofpaintingsintheexhibition.根据要求,所有参观者都不应给展览会上的画拍任何照片。(写作一参观展览)用法归纳makearequestfor/that请求/要求(2)atsb.,srequest/therequestofsb,应某人的要求requeststh.from向请求某物4requestsb.todoSth.请求/要求某人做某事requestthatsb.(should)dosth.要求某人做某事Itisrequestedt
45、hatsb.(should)doSth.据要求某人做某事。特别提醒动词request后的宾语从句,主语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气,即从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”的形式,should可以省略。高频词汇积累词汇释义用法&拓展negotiatev.谈判,协商;商定,达成什办议）negotiatewithsb.about/forsth.就某事和某人进行协商negotiatesth.withsb.和某人商定某事negotiationn.协商;谈判undernegotiation在商谈中innegotiationwith和协商resolveV.解决（问题、困
46、难）;决心,决定;作出决议,表决n.决心;坚定的信念resolveanissue/acoflictacrisis/differences解决问题/冲突/危机/分歧resolveon(doing)sth.决定(做)某事resolvetodoSth.决定做某事resolutionn.解决;决心,决定决议resolvedadj.下定决心的;坚定的solvev.解决（问题）settlev.解决（分歧、纠纷等）inconveniencen.不便,麻烦conveniencen.U便利,方便。方便的用具forconvenience为了方便起见forsb.scoveiece=fortheconvenienceofsb.为了方便某人atsb.sconvenience
