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1、美国名人黑人女低音歌唱家玛丽安安德森2MarianAnderson,1897-1993:75z000PeopleHeardHerSingattheLincolnMemorialinWashington,D.C.playstopmutemaxvolume00:00-15:45repeatByShelleyGollust2009-1-24VOICEONE:mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.Today,wecompletethestoryofsingerMarianAnders
2、on.(MUSIC:derschmied,op.19/4)VOICEONE:MarianAndersonMarianAndersonwasborninPhiladelphia,Pennsylvaniaintheearlynineteenhundreds.Shebegansinginginchurch.Soon,herrichdeepvoicebecamewidelyknowninthearea.MarianAndersonlovedopera.Atthattime,however,blacksingerswerenotpermittedinwhiteoperacompaniesintheUni
3、tedStates.Sosheperformedasaconcertartistinstead.HerfirstconcertinNewYorkCitywasnotsuccessful.Shefeltdefeatedanddidnotsingagaininpublicformanymonths.Thenhermotherbecamesick.Andersonknewshewouldhavetoworktokeepherfamilytogether.Singingwasherwork.VOICETWO:InthenineteentwentiesMarianAndersonwontwosingin
4、gcompetitions.ShesanginNewYorkwiththePhilharmonicOrchestra.Thisconcertwasahugesuccess.Shesignedanagreementtoperforminothercities.Mostofthetime,onlyblackpeopleattendedherconcerts.WhenshewasinthesouthernpartoftheUnitedStates,shewasnotpermittedtostayinhotelsforwhitepeople.Shedidnotletracialhatredaffect
5、hermusic.Yetsheknewshewouldneverbecompletelysuccessfuluntilshecouldsingforallpeople.(MUSIC)VOICEONE:Innineteenthirty,MarianAndersonreceivedmoneytostudymusicinLondon.Inthosedays,Europeseemedtobetheonlyplacewhereablackartistcouldgainrecognition.SoMariantraveledtoEurope.ManyyearsIateoshedescribedherexp
6、eriencethere:Iwasmadetofeelwelcome,evenatahotel.Peopleacceptedmeasaperson.Theyjudgedmeformyqualitiesasahumanbeingandanartist.nothingelse.VOICETWO:Inthenineteenthirties,AndersonstudiedandperformedinLondonandBerlin,Germany.Shegavefewconcertsatfirst.ThenshewasinvitedtogiveaseriesofconcertsinSweden.Them
7、usicianKostiVehanenplayedthepianoatMariansconcerts.Hesaidhervoicewassopowerfulthatitseemedtocomefromundertheearth.Hedescribeditasavoicethatoverflowedwithadeep,tragicfeeling.MarianAndersonhadherfirstgreatsuccessinSweden.TheSwedishpeoplelovedhervoice.Theyespeciallylikedthespiritualsshesang.Fewofthemha
8、dheardthiskindofAmericanmusicbefore.(MUSIC:HesGottheWholeWorldinHisHands)VOICEONE:MarianAndersontraveledthroughthecountriesofScandinavia.Peoplepraisedhersingingeverywhereshewent.InHelsinki,FinlandshesangforthefamousFinnishcomposerJeanSibelius.Hetoldher:Theroofofmyhouseistoolowforyourvoice.Andersonsa
9、nginScandinaviaforthreeconcertseasons.ShesangforthekingsofDenmarkandSweden.Finally,shedecidedtoreturntotheUnitedStates.Shesaidshewantedtotestherselfinherowncountry.VOICETWO:NewsofhersuccessinScandinaviadidnotmeanmuchtoconcerthallownersintheUnitedStates.Theyknewblackconcertsingerswerenotpopular.Ander
10、sonwasbackwhereshebegan-singingatchurchesandsmallgatherings.ShedecidedtogobacktoEurope.Again,shewasgreetedwarmly.ThefamousItalianorchestraconductorArturoToscaniniheardhersinginAustria.Aftertheconcerthesaid:Shehasavoicethatonehearsonlyonceinahundredyears.Toscaniniscommentspreadthroughouttheworldofmus
11、ic.Finally,MarianAndersonwasfamous.ShereturnedtotheUnitedStatesandsangallaroundthecountry.Innineteenthirty-fivesheappearedforthesecondtimeatTownHallinNewYork.Thistimeshewasagreatsuccess.(MUSIC:DonCarIos)VOICEONE:MarianAndersongaveconcertsinnorthernandsoutherncities.Shefirmlybelievedthathermusicwasth
12、ebestweaponagainstracialhatred.AtoneconcertinthesouthernstateofMississippi,Andersonsawthathersingingcouldbringpeopletogether.Ithadbeenalongconcert.Yetthecrowdkeptcallingformore.Marianaskedtheaudiencetojoinherinsingingonelastsong.Thepeoplestood.Blackpeopleandwhitepeoplesangtogether,sidebyside.Theloca
13、lnewspaperdescribedwhathappened:Sometimesthehumanspiritrisesaboveitsetaboveracialprejudice.VOICETWO:MarianAndersonsingingattheLincolnMemorialAnotherincidentbecamefamousaroundtheworld.MarianAndersonwastosinginWashington,D.C.atConstitutionHall.ThisconcerthallwasownedbyanorganizationcalledtheDaughterso
14、ftheAmericanRevolution,orD.A.R.TheD.A.R.wouldnotpermitAndersontoperformintheconcerthallbecauseshewasblack.Manypeopleprotested,includingEleanorRooseveltzthewifeoftheAmericanpresident.WithMissusRooseveltshelp,AndersonwasabletosingforanevenbiggercrowdinWashington.Shegaveafreeconcertintheopenair,nearthe
15、Lincolnmemorial.Seventy-fivethousandpeopleattendedthatconcertonEasterSunday,Aprilninth,nineteenthirty-nine.Yearslater,Andersondescribedhowshefeltonthatday:VOICEONE:Thereseemedtobepeopleasfarastheeyecouldsee.Ifeltthatagreatwaveofgoodwillpouredoutfromthosepeople.WhenIsawthem,myheartjumpedwildly.Icould
16、nottalk.IwonderedifIwouldbeabletosing.VOICETWO:MarianAndersondidsing.Andseventy-fivethousandvoices-blackandwhite-joinedwithhers.TheysangthenationalsongoftheUnitedStates.ThentheylistenedasshesanganothersongaboutAmerica.(MUSIC:MyCountrylTisofThee)VOICEONE:Innineteenfifty-five,MarianAndersonwasaskedtos
17、ingwiththeNewYorkMetropolitanOperacompany.ItwasthefirsttimeablacksingerperformedregularlywithanAmericanoperagroup.MarianAndersonspresencemadeitpossibleforotherblacksingerstobecomeoperasingersintheUnitedStates.VOICETWO:MarianAndersonreceivedmanyhonorsandawardsduringherlife.Innineteenfifty-eightshewas
18、appointedadelegatetotheUnitedNations,expandingherjobasgoodwillambassadoroftheUnitedStates.ShereceivedthePresidentialMedalofFreedominnineteensixty-three.Andersonretiredfromsingingtwoyearslater.Shelivedquietlywithherhusband,OrpheusFisherzinthestateofConnecticut.Afterhedied,shelivedwithhersistersson,or
19、chestraconductorJamesDePriest.MarianAndersondiedinnineteenninety-threeattheageofninety-six.Expertssaysheisrememberednotonlyforthequalityofhervoice,butalsobecauseofthewayshecarriedoutherrighttobeheard.(MUSIC:AveMaria)VOICEONE:ThisprogramwaswrittenbyShelleyGollust.ItwasproducedbyLawanDavis.mShirleyGriffith.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmber.JoinusagainnextweekforPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.
