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1、INTERNATIONA1.STANDARDISO3716editionSecond2021-10HydrometryFunctiona1.requirementsandcharacteristicsofsuspended-sedimentsamp1.ersHydrometric-SpecificationsdefonctionnementetCaractMstiquesdesapparei1.sd6chantiUonnagepourIadeterminationdeschargesSedimentairesensuspensionCOPYRIGHTPROTECTEDDOCUMENTISO20
2、21IUirhM*hedbdi1.iUedotherwiseupdhi.o啪InyM1.tta0DmkfifiU81.andonnet8CH-1214Vernier,GenevaPhone：M1.227490111觥曲ite：图洲跳触OQrgPub1.ishedinSwitzer1.andContentsForewordivIntroductionv2 Scope13 Normativereferences14 Termsanddefinitions15 Requirementsofsamp1.ers16 Characteristicsofsuspended-sedimentsamp1.ers
3、3Typesofsainp1.ers36.1 Opencontainers36.2 Vertica1.andhorizonta1.cy1.inderinstantaneoustrapsamp1.ers36.3 WmyiingIbM1.WGnsnp1.ers41.1.1 Genera1.51.1.2 Fixed-orificepumpingsamp1.ers56.5 1.e-stageM0Hfftanc11P!66.6 Point-integratingsamp1.ers76.7 Depth-integratingsamp1.ers77R,odesofsamp1.ers10Bib1.iograp
4、hy13ForewordISO(theInternationa1.OrganizationforStandardization)isawor1.dwidefederationofnationa1.standardsttiugh(ISOtnnhnkabirtnhwcekWwptafigbodyhim11ra弧dai6tandbjtS(nowhhjamitteehasbeenestab1.ishedhastherighttoberepresentedonthatcommittee.Internationa1.organizations,governmenta1.andnon-governmenta
5、1.,in1.iaisonwithISO,a1.sotakepartinthework.ISOco1.1.aboratesc1.ose1.ywiththee1.ectrotechnica1.standardization.Internationa1.E1.ectrotechnica1.Commission(IEC)ona1.1.mattersofTheproceduresusedtodeve1.opthisdocumentandthoseintendedforitsfurthermaintenanceare。质FR幽。於0/田(：出并祭跳能牺14notjgMMfergccordanceFhth
6、ecdito11a1.ru1.esoftheSOIECDirectives,Part2(seewww.iso.org/dnc1.iivcs).Rionri颜sd隘丽n嬲W雌ns出觎崛喇曲doc三蝴瞬.subjectofanypatentrightsidentifiedduringthedeve1.opmerUW4iouwMM41.beintheIntroductionand/orontheISO1.istofpatentdec1.arationsreceived(seewww.iso.org/patents).Anytradeusedinthisconstitutenameendorsemen
7、t,documentisinformationgivenfortheconvenienceofusersanddoesnotForanexp1.anationofthevo1.untarynatureofstandards,themeaningofISOspecifictermsand眺J喇现dO1Ranf娜愀SaSS忠!翻窿inwe椭;ft藐nBa用W挑片dead期跳esww.isO.orgiso/forewordhtm1.ThisdocumentwasSedimenttransport.preparedbyTechnica1.CommitteeISO/TC1131.Hydrometry,S
8、ubcommitteeSC6,Thissecondeditioncance1.sandrep1.acesthefirstedition(ISOTS3716:2006),whichhasbeentechnica1.1.yrevised.ThemainchangescomparedWiththepreviouseditionareasfo1.1.ows：theScopehasbeenc1.arifiedtoinc1.udesamp1.ersforco1.1.ectingwater-sedimentmixhiresofrivers,streams,1.akesandreservoirsandexc1
9、.udeequipmentforsamp1.ingc1.osedconduitsandwastewaterdischarges；c1.ausesonsamp1.ingtechniqueshavebeenremoved;thetypesandmode1.sOfsamp1.crshavebeenexpanded.AnyfeedbackorquestionsonthisdocumentSheHUdstandardsbody.Acomp1.ete1.istingofthesebodiescanbefoundatwww.iso.org/members.htm1.IntroductionSuspended
10、-sedimentsamp1.ersareusedtoco1.1.ectarepresentativesamp1.eofthewater-sedimenttiturerep(rfsentsttiuezfrs.ctakeRtjaanresefvoirsusp4ted1.i1.raentsan1.dftou1.dthbQitonta1.co1.1.ectnd11ptetScavariationofsuspended-sedimentconcentrationsothatthemeanconcentrationcanbedetermined.Therearedifferenttypesofsamp1
11、.ersavai1.ab1.eforco1.1.ectingsuspendedsedimentinc1.udingsomethat璃部附f1.三f陶丽两腆由际Sandh掴踹前洲的嫄5油共amp1.腮由他an册唯帼而陕areusedprimari1.yin1.akesandreservoirs.Point-integratingsamp1.ers,depth-integratingsamp1.ers,sing1.e-stagesamp1.ersandpumpingsamp1.ersareusedprimari1.yinstreamsandrivers.On1.ysamp1.ers阿idesop曲
12、籍撕限刈Vn磁Om领醐6岫蜘IW曲懈闻ese确艇蜩掘嘛网Ze(Uncontaminatcd)samp1.esoftracemeta1.andorganiccompoundsthatarccommon1.yassociatedwithsuspendedsedimentinstreamsandrivers.HydrometryFunctiona1.requirementsandcharacteristicsofsuspended-sedimentsamp1.ers1 Scopesuspended-sedimentsamp1.ersusedforco1.1.ectingwater-sedimentm
13、ixturesfromstreams,rivers,1.akesNOTETheunitsofmeasurementusedInthisdocumentareSIunits.2 Normativereferencesconstitutesrequirements1.atesteditiondocment.referencedreferences,(inc1.udingamendments)app1.ies.app1.ies.natthefo1.1.owing3 TermsanddefinitionsISOandIECmaintaintermino1.ogica1.databasesforUSei
14、nStandardizaticaddresses：3.1 IECE1.ectropedia:avai1.ab1.eathttm/wvv.e1.ectropedia.org/isokineticsamp1.ing4 Requirementsofsamp1.ersastreamatapointofsamp1.ing,theidea1.samp1.ersha1.1.fu1.1.thefo1.1.owingtechnica1.requirements.b) Theve1.ocitypossib1.etotheve1.ocityofofthesamp1.er,nozz1.esamp1.ingsamp1.
15、ingirrespectiveisokineticthisc) Themouth/intakeofthesamp1.ersha1.1.a1.waysfaceintothecurrentatthesamp1.ingpoint.Thisdocumentspecifiesthefunctiona1.requirementsandcharacteristicsofthedifferenttypesofandreservoirs.Thisdocumentdoesnotinc1.udeequipmentforco1.1.ectingsamp1.esinc1.osedconduitsandwastewate
16、rdischarges.Thefo1.1.owingdocumentsarereferredtointhetextinsuchawaythatsomeora1.1.oftheircontentundatedreferences,theofthisoftheFordateddocumenton1.yIhcanycditioncitedForISO772,HydrometricdeterminationsVocabu1.aryfandsymbo1.sForthepurposesofthisdoment,thetermsanddefinitionsgiveninISO772andthefo1.1.o
17、wingapp1.y.ISOOn1.inebrowsingp1.atform:avai1.ab1.eathttps:/www.iso.org/obpmethodofsamp1.ingwheretheintakeve1.ocityofthesuspended-sedimentsamp1.erequa1.stheambientstreamve1.ocityToensurethatthesamp1.estakenbyasamp1.eraretru1.yrepresentativeofthesedimentconcentrationofa)Thesamp1.ersha1.1.bestream1.ine
18、dtoreducedragandtominimizedisturbancestonorma1.sedimentf1.ow.Figure1showsanexamp1.eofatypica1.stream1.inedsamp1.er.asc1.oseasofinf1.owinthemouthcurrentattheorpoint,tubesha1.1.beofwhatorve1.ocitymaybeorirrespectiveofwhatthedepthofsubmergenceatthispointmaybe.d) Themouth/intakeofthesamp1.ersha1.1.beout
19、sidethezoneofthedisturbancesofthef1.owsetupbythebodyofthesamp1.eranditsoperatinggear,andthef1.ow1.inessha1.1.bedisturbedas1.itt1.easpossib1.e,especia1.1.ynearthemouth.Key2 bodyho1.dingsamp1.ebott1.e3 hanger4 tai1.finFigure1-Typica1.depth-integratingsamp1.ere)Fi1.1.ingarrangementssha1.1.besmoothsotha
20、tthereisnosuddeninrushofwatcr-scdimcn1.mixture；fhpawten11mgonexhaust-samp1.ersha1.1.nothindertheentryofthesamp1.e;thisnecessitatesafjPoint-typesamp1.erssha1.1.beab1.etoco1.1.ectsamp1.esatthedesireddepthwithoutthesamp1.esbeingdisturbedorcontaminatedbythewater-sedimentmixtureatotherpointswhi1.ethesamp
21、1.erisbeingraisedorowere.g) Point-typesamp1.erssha1.1.beab1.etotakeasamp1.eexact1.ywhenandwhereitisrequired.h) THwrtkwnip1.erVbtJkhtduepiWt11h1.fe.,4suffcient1.yheavytominimizedef1.ectionofthesupportingcab1.ei) Thesamp1.ersha1.1.besimp1.eindesignandrobustinConstmctionandsha1.1.requireminimumcareinma
22、intenanceandoperation.j) Theremovab1.e-typecontainerwithinthesamp1.ersha1.1.beeasi1.yremoved,readi1.ycappedorsea1.edandeasi1.ytransportedtoa1.aboratorywithout1.ossofcontents.A1.ternative1.y,ifthecontainerformspartofthesamp1.er,itsha1.1.beinsta1.1.edtosecurecomp1.etedrainageofthecontents.k) Thevo1.um
23、eofthesamp1.eco1.1.ectedbythesamp1.ersha1.1.besufficientfordeterminingtheconcentrationandsizedistributionofthesediment.Theminimumsamp1.esizeisgenera1.1.y0,5I.)IIbOkiWttPkHgtar1.bdHtMkwJu匕WrmPIeSurfscuiinoBtadiInambPhHktUr阳nttruMsCanihjtriversco1.1.ectedisokinetica1.1.ycurrcntbccausenotknownrVe1.ocit
24、icserrors1.owerIhanconcentrationOf1.imitspartic1.escan5Characteristicsofsuspended-sedimentsamp1.ersrequirementsoftheconditionsCannotinf1.uencerecommended.Factorssamp1.erasavai1.abi1.ityrextent.ThedifferentStreamofSamp1.ersrightconditionsrrepresentativeSamp1.ecannotthewater-sedimentmixturecurrentsand
25、namesTypesofSamp1.ersfordescriptivepurposeson1.yanddoesnotimp1.yendorsement.6.1Opencontainersho1.dingThecontainercontainerCansurfacesea1.edthefortransportIoweringsubsequentana1.ysissurfacesamp1.eropeSamp1.cssi1.tareandco1.Icc1.edon1.yifthewater-sedimentmixtureisthorough1.ymixedandcontainsneg1.igib1.
26、e6.21imitsedimenthorizonta1.cy1.inderinstantaneoustrapsamp1.ersvariousdiametersFigures1.engths.Thetypica1.1.y1.oweredoftostee1.,desiredorsamp1.ingpointwithnadeContainerrSuspensioncab1.ecantripspring-1.oadedva1.ves.Thesamp1.eistypica1.1.ytransferredtoanotherParticu1.ar1.yoverthcretirnencg1.igib1.ecoa
27、rseidca1.andconditions,Theytheywe11co1.1.ectarepresentativesamp1.e.stab1.esamp1.ers,particu1.ar1.yVertica1.cy1.inders,cannotconsiderab1.eresistancestrcambed.andHorizonta1.theve1.ocityoftheiswater1.argeareinthetheoperatingsandofsamp1.eroroccur.3ISO2021-A1.1.rightsreservedSincethesamp1.ingconditionsen
28、counteredinIakesrreservoirs,streamsandriversvarywide1.y,asing1.esamp1.erfora1.)samp1.inga1.sobethechoiceofthesuchtogreatcostandspecifictypesofsamp1.ersinc1.udeopencontainers,vertica1.andhorizonta1.cy1.inders,bott1.esamp1.ers,pumpingsamp1.ers,sing1.e-stagesamp1.ers,point-integratingsamp1.ersanddepth-
29、integratingsamp1.ers.A1.1.thesetypesunderthecanco1.1.ectabutmanyofthemofbeusedriverswithswiftinariveroranon-uniformdistributionofsedimentconcentration.Forgenera1.useinriversandstreams,isokineticpoint-integratinganddepth-integratingsamp1.ersarerecommended.Theuseoftrade,productorfirm6inthisdocumentisT
30、histypeofsamp1.erconsistsofanordinaryPai1.canoropenbott1.e.Thesamp1.eisco1.1.ectedbyorcab1.e.thefi1.1.edunderthebeofwaterbyandittothewaterorthewithcanbetransferredintoanothercontainerthatcanbesea1.ed.Open-containersamp1.erscanon1.yco1.1.ectasamp1.eatthewatersurfaceanddonotmeetmostoftherequirementsno
31、tedinC1.ause4.Representativecoarsesand.Itisimportantto1.imitanyrecircu1.ationofwater-sedimentmixturewhi1.eobtainingthesamp1.einordertoVertica1.andsett1.ingtheopencontainerresu1.tingbias(high)errors.InThescsamp1.ers(seeand2and3)arecy1.indcrismadethebrassp1.astic.Theyaretheva1.vesateachendofthecy1.ind
32、erintheopenposition.Thesamp1.eisco1.1.ectedbyc1.osingtheva1.vesandretrievingthecy1.inder.Theva1.vesareactuatedbyane1.ectrica1.impu1.seorbysendingaweightdownthethecy1.indertobereused.Thesesamp1.erscanco1.1.ectsamp1.esatspecificdepths.Thesamp1.esareinstantaneous,ratherthanintegratedifanyisorspace.Unde
33、rsi1.tsand.arewi1.1.suitedtosamp1.ing1.akesandreservoirsand1.owve1.ocityconditionsinsteamsandrivers.Theseatvery1.owve1.ities.thevertica1.offersamp1.etothetof1.owareon1.ysamp1.erscansamp1.enearthestreambed.Figure2-Kemnierersamp1.erFigure3-VanDornhorizonta1.samp1.er6.3 Weightedbott1.esamp1.ersThereare
34、manydifferentvariationsofbott1.esamp1.ers.Theygenera1.1.yconsistofaweightedcontainertbenhtHdtoSOmtakiuyd依PtItorteQnIpabf1.ftydab1.ebothopeninganddosingthebott1.ecap,sothesamp1.eissea1.edandnointermixingofthesamp1.ewiththewater-sedimentmixhireoccurswhi1.ethesamp1.erisbeingretrieved.Q因版注励嫩CudGi1.hinth
35、CMpRqR1.diWn旦触yCo舵UM三s三tobe1arepresentativesamp1.efor1.owve1.ocity,we1.1.mixedconditions.Cannotsanip1.ersofferconsiderab1.eresistanceStrCambed.Thepotentia1.stab1.eintcrmixingve1.ocities.Samp1.es6.4 Pumpingsamp1.ers6.4.1 Genera1.fixedOrificccab1.ewayrwa1.kwayOrautomaticmodeandthosewithamoveab1.eorifi
36、cethataredep1.oyed6.4.2 Fixed-orificepumpingsamp1.erstypica1.1.ymanua1.1.yrsuchnearephemera1.andf1.ashysamp1.erspowerediso1.ated1.ine1.ocations.orbatteries.Samp1.inginitiation1.1.ectedfrequencyinterva1.contro1.1.edbasedontime,Stagefrequent1.ycombinationhighHow.soSomecompositedco1.1.ectedintoindividu
37、a1.bott1.escase.samp1.inginitiationsamp1.er,frequencyshou1.dseasonsandf1.ows.Concentrationsuspendcd-Sedimcntconcentration.Stream1.ocationcorrcctionfixcdfactoronficcrequiredbedetermineinsta1.1.ation,determinehowrepresentativepumpingfixed-orificeCross-Sectionperiodica1.1.yduringtheyaresea1.edandremove
38、dforana1.ysis.Figure4Diagramofafixed-orificepumpingsamp1.er勒勃理亚PKAHyih!scttUtddtothetof1.owandareon1.yforatvery1.owoftheandwater-sedimentmixtureintheriverishighforthosesamp1.ersthatcannotbesea1.edatthesamp1.ingpoint.Therearetwotypesofpumpingsamp1.ersusedforco1.1.ectingsuspended-sedimentsamp1.es:thos
39、ewithafromaboat,thatareoperatedinbridge.Fixed-orificesamp1.ers(seeFigure4)aretypica1.1.yusedatsiteswherepersonne1.arcnotavai1.ab1.etotakeissamp1.es1.ocatedatorasthestreambank.ThestreamsorstreamsinwithpowerTheorificeandsamp1.esarepumpedfromthestreamtosamp1.econtainersusingavacuumpump,perista1.ticpump
40、orsubmersib1.epump.samp1.escanbeandatoneduring1.owf1.owandmoreoraduringofboththatsamp1.erscanbecontro1.1.edbasedonturbidityordischargevo1.ume(toobtainadischargeweightedsamp1.e).Modernsamp1.erscanbecontro1.1.edbyremotecommunicationswhereavai1.ab1.e.Discretebesamp1.escanbeintoasing1.e1.argebott1.e.Ina
41、nybythcmovab1.earmtheandorsamp1.escanhedesignedtoobtainsamp1.esrepresentativeoftheconditionstoaddressthesedimentissuebeingstudied.Instreamsandrivers,thisrequiressamp1.ingduringrisingandfa1.1.ingstagesoverarangeofThefixed-orificesamp1.ersareaneffectivemethodofco1.1.ectingsamp1.eswhenpersonne1.arenota
42、vai1.ab1.eforco1.1.ectingmanua1.samp1.es.However,thesamp1.eson1.yrepresentthesuspended-sedimentthemeanatonepointonevertica1.oftheTheandoftheisshou1.dtocarefu1.1.yse1.ectedandeva1.uatedtooptimizetherepresentativecharacteristicsofsamp1.es.Ifpossib1.e,itshou1.dnotbeveryc1.osetothechanne1.bedorbanksands
43、hou1.dbeina1.ocationofaverageconcentration.Concurrenttosamp1.esfromthefixed-pointthesamp1.erand1.ocationis,andneededoverthedurationofmonitoringtodetermineandverifythecorrectionfactor.A1.sorthesamp1.erisnotisokineticandcanintroducebiaserrorstosandconcentrations.Samp1.esa1.soaresubjecttoevaporationunt
44、i1.Anr.tccdeptiiQtttgd11i1.dd)c1.nti(h:po1.yner1.redthstfcH1.rttiifett1.cdepthofsamp1.ingisnotrestrictedbythecompressionofairinthecontainer.TheUSD-962)(secFigure7)samp1.ercanbeusedforco1.1.ectingdepth-integratedsamp1.esofupto3Itoamaximumdepthof15m种疑视red揶*旗2hgt够8湎蝴f拼部曲henb髓褥1.np够R1.Rg隹曲第岫忠，超P啾tnerfor
45、shipmenttothe1.aboratory.TheUSD-993)samp1.ercanbeusedforco1.1.ectingdepth-integratedsamp1.esofupto61toaFigure7USD-96bagsamp1.erThedepth-integratingandpoint-integratingsamp1.ersarctheon1.ysamp1.ersthatwi1.1.co1.1.ectaureindeep,swiftrivers.FepresentativesanipIersofthewater-sedimentmixt6.8C1.eanEit三除sf
46、。闻取用闻趣痴魂精fentsamp1.ersareV缈浦KAsanf1.ffs的阁m8dimentwM碑明而entexcepttheyarcequippedwithuoropo1.ymerandp1.at沁e11powntssothesamp1.eswi1.1.notbeincontactwithanymeta1.TheDH-954)samp1.er(seeFigure8)uses11Auoropo1.ymerorp1.asticbott1.eswithnozz1.esthatareintegra1.withthebott1.ecaps.2)an1jiieb1.SD416tab1.Ekrifaibttthb)KHih3raiBaud1.nteradDtvrmatiDSRdentatfbQforPriurUDhvd11H11rseofStntesofisthisdocumentanddocsnotconstituteanendorsementbyISOofthisproduct.褊而唳瑞tab虐刑艇刖鼬耐就强那吃福rmati流融眼nt三曲AforPrft他IW蹦eof黜tesofisthisdocumentanddoesnotconstituteanendorsementbyISOofthisproduct.
