《直接引语和间接引语讲解ppt课件.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《直接引语和间接引语讲解ppt课件.ppt（48页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、Direct speech,直接引语和间接引语,&indirect speech,直接引语与间接引语引述某人的话一般采用两种形式：一种是直接引语（direct speech),即原封不动地引用原话，把原话放在引号内；一种是间接引语（indirect speech)，即用自己的话加以转述，被转述的内容不放在引号内。,Lets Learn!,I am smart.,he was smart.,He said,What did he say?,I can fly.,it could fly.,It said,What did it say?,“I am playing football.”,He s
2、aid,he was playing football.,What did he say?,He said,the earth moves around the sun.,The earth moves around the sun.,What did he say?,为什么？此句没有变时态？因为它描述的是客观事实真理，经得住时间考验，故不变化,“I finished my homework two days ago.”,She said,she had finished her homework two days before.,What did he say?,I will go shop
3、ping tomorrow.,she would go shopping the next day.,She said,What did she say?,陈述句,“I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary,”said Anne.,直接引语,间接引语,Anne said that she didnt want to set down a series of facts in a diary.,1.Sb said位置变化,2.加that引导后面的宾语从句,3.人称的变化,4.时态的变化,whether/if we liked sin
4、ging.,“Do you like singing?”,He asked,What did he say?,间接引用别人的一般疑问句时要做相应变化 1 say 变 ask 2要添加if/weather。3句子变陈述句语序,Attention,He said，“can you speak a little English？”He asked if I could speak a little English,一般疑问句,直接引语,间接引语,“Does a friend always have to be a person?”the writer asks us.,The writer asks
5、 us if a friend always has to be a person.,一般疑问句,直接引语,间接引语,Does a friend always have to be a person?the writer asked us.,The writer asked us if a friend always had to be a person.,特殊疑问句,直接引语,间接引语,“What do you call your diary?”Annes sister asked her.,Annes sister asked her what she called her diary.,
6、小结直接引语间接引语：时间变化,now 现在 then 那时today 今天 that day 那天this week(month,etc.)that week(month,etc.)本星期（月等）那个星期（月等）Yesterday 昨天 the day before 前一天the day before 前一天 two days before 前两天,last week(year,etc.)the day before the day before 上星期（去年）前一周（年等）three days(a year,et.)ago three days(a year etc.)before三天（一
7、年等）以前 前三天（一年等）tomorrow 明天 the next(following)day 次日the day after tomorrow two days later(in two days time)后天 过两天next week(yea,etc.)the next(following)week(year,etc.)下星期（明年等）下一周（第二年等）,直接引语间接引语：时间变化,直接引语,间接引语,指示代词,this 这,that 那,these 这些,those 那些,地点状语,here 这里,there 那里,动词,come 来,go 去,直接引语间接引语：人称变化,直接引语中
8、的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称。He said,“I am very sorry.”He said that he was very sorry.直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称。“You should be more careful next time,”my father told me.My father told me that I should be more careful the next time.,直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人称。如：She said to her son,“Ill check your home
9、work tonight.”She said to her son that she would check his homework that night.人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等，如：He asked me,“Will you go to the station with me?”He asked me whether I would go to the station with him.,总之：人称的变化要符合逻辑！,（1）一般现在时变为一般过去时（2）现在进行时变为过去进行时（3）一般将来时变为过去将来时（4）现在完成时变为过去完成时（5）一般过去时变为过去完
10、成时（6）过去完成时不变，仍为过去完成时,直接引语间接引语：时态的变化,时态不变化：直接引语是客观真理“The moon moves around the earth”,the teacher told me.The teacher told me the moon moves around the earth.直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变 Jack said,“John,where were you going when I met you in the street?”Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the st
11、reet.,直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。Xiao Wang said,“I was born on April 2l,1980.”Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20,1980.直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。He said,“I get up at six every morning.”He said he gets up at six every morning.,如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式(例：ought to，had better,used
12、to)和已经是过去时的形式时(例：could,should,would,might)，时态不再变。Peter said,“You had better come here today.”Peter said I had better go there that day.,直接引语变间接引语时,时态要发生变化:,一般现在时现在完成时现在进行时一般将来时一般过去时,一般过去时过去完成时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时,He said that the earth goes around the sun.,He said that the train leaves at 7:30p.m.,He sai
13、d that Rome isnt built in a day.,Tom said he was born in July,1978.,由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变:,真理,时间表,格言,过去的时间状语,5.部分情态动词,如must,ought to,used to,had better等：She said to me:“You must hurry up.”She said that I must hurry up.,由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列代词、形容词、副词、动词等可能要变化,thatthosethenbeforethat day/today/yesterdaythe
14、next/following day,in two days timethe day beforethe night beforetwo days beforegotakethere,1.“I like reading adventure stories,”said John.John said that he liked reading adventure stories.2.“I dont like computers,”Sarah said to her friend.Sarah told her friends that she didnt like computers.,Exerci
15、se I,3.“Ann,have you seen my blue notebook?”Peter asked.Peter asked Ann if she had seen his blue notebook.4.“How can you do that?”Mary said to Ann.Mary asked Ann how she could do that.5.“What difference does it make?”Peter asked Jim.Peter asked Jim what difference it made.,1.“I never eat meat,”he sa
16、id.He said that _ never _ meat.2.“Ive found my wallet,”he said to me.He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.3.“I took it home with me,”she said.She said that _ _ _ it home with her.,he,ate,told,had,found,his,she,had,taken,4.The teacher said,“The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher sai
17、d that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west.5.“I met her yesterday,”he said to me.He _ me that he _ met her the day _.6.“You must come here before five,”he said.He said that I _ to go _ before five.,rises,goes,told,had,before,had,there,7.“I bought the house 10 years ago,”he said.He said that
18、 he _ bought the house 10 years _.8.“Did you see her last week?”he said.He _ _ I had seen her the week _.9.He said,“You can sit here,Jim.”He _ Jim that he _ sit there.,had,before,asked,whether/if,before,told,could,10.He asked,“How did you find it,mother?”He asked her mother _ _ _ found it.11.“Where
19、have you been these days?”he asked.He asked me _ _ _been _ days.12.“Do you know where she lives?”he asked.He asked _ _ knew where she _.,how,she,had,where,I,had,those,if/whether,I,lived,1.Jack said to me,“You look worried today.”Jack told me that _ worried _.A.he lookstoday B.you looktoday C.we look
20、edthat day D.I lookedthat day,Exercise II,2.We said to her,“Theyre walking through the street now.”We told her that _ through the street _.A.we were walkingthen B.you are walkingnow C.they were walkingthen D.they walkingnow,3.Mr Black said,“I have walked a long way this week.”Mr Black said that _ a
21、long way _.A.I had walkedlast week B.he had walkedthat week C.I walkedlast week D.he has walkedthis week,4.The man thought,“I shall take it back tomorrow.”The man thought that _ take it back _.A.I shalltomorrow B.I shallthe next day C.he shouldtomorrow D.he would the next day,5.They said to us,“Are
22、you afraid to leave this house?”They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house.A.that were wethis B.that we werethat C.if were we this D.if we werethat,6.Jane said,“What did he hear about a week ago?”Jane asked _ about _.A.that he hearda week ago B.what he had heardthe week before C.what he had herd a week
23、 ago D.if he heardthe week ago,7.She asked,“Whose house will he break into next time?”She asked whose house _ break into _.A.will henext time B.would hethe next time C.he wouldthe next time D.he willnext time,8.Jack said to her,“Where do you spend your holidays?”Jack asked her where _ holidays.A.she
24、 spent her B.you spend your C.she spend her D.you spent your,9.Black asked me,“Why havent you left here yet?”Black asked me why _ yet.A.I hadnt left there B.I havent left here C.hadnt I left there D.havent I left here,10.The teacher asked her,“Does the sun rise in the east?”The teacher asked her _ t
25、he sun _ in the east.A.ifrise B.ifrises C.whetherrose D.whether did rise,把下列句子变为直接引语或间接引语。“I dont want to go there with Alice,”said Tom.2.“Is your father kind to you?”she often asks me.,She often asks me whether/if my father is kind to me.,Tom said that he didnt want to go there with Alice.,3.Mother
26、 asked me what I was going to be when I grew up.4.“I have to study hard to make progress,”the girl said to her friend.5.“When will you go back to work?”Mr.Smith asked.,Mr.Smith asked me when I would go back to work.,“What are you going to be when you grow up?”Mother asked me.,The girl told her friend that she had to study hard to make progress.,
