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1、中考总复习之英语常见时态,时态,一、定义：在英语中，发生的动作要用不同的动词形式来表 示，这每一种不同的形式就叫做时态。,不同时间,二、时态的种类：初中常见的9种时态,Exercise,Who _(dance)best in your class?2.Students usually _(have)ten minutes rest between two classes.,dances,have,概念：,常用时间状语：,构成形式：,1.一般现在时态(The Simple Present Tense),表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作或状态。,do/does(三单),every day,always
2、,usually,often,sometimes,on Sundays,three times a day,etc,我一到达那儿，就会给你写信。,一般现在时的注意点:,1、表客观事实或普遍真理,The earth _(go)round the sun.,2、在when,as soon as,until,after,before等到引导的时间状语从句和if 引导的条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来.,If it doesnt rain tomorrow,well go on a picnic.,goes,如果明天不下雨，我们将去野营。,Ill write to you as soon as I
3、 get there.,Exercise,1.I _(find)my ruler in my desk.,found,2.We and _(see)lots of birds _(fly)over the trees.,flying,saw,five minutes ago,looked up,概念：,常用时间状语：,构成形式：,2.一般过去时态(The Simple Past Tense),表示过去某个时间发生的动 作或存在的状态,V+ed,yesterday,just now,last,this morning,ago,etc,一般过去时的注意点:,1、当没有明显的时间状语时,描述几个相继
4、发生过的动作,I always got up too late,washed my face,had a quick breakfast and hurried to school.,2、since从句中常用一般过去时,You havent changed much since we last _(meet).,met,Exercise,will be,The radio says that it _(be)sunny tomorrow.,概念：,常用时间状语：,构成形式：,表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,tomorrow,in three days，this,next,soon,e
5、tc.,1.will+do/be2.am/is/are going to+do3.am/is/are+doing,3.一般将来时态(The Simple Future Tense),Look at the dark clouds,it _rain.Tomorrow _ be April Fools Day.,一般将来时的注意点:,will,is going to,4.过去将来时态,My uncle told me that my aunt was going to have a child the next month.My friends told me that they would ha
6、ve a great party for me.They would trek through the jungle the next day.过去将来时态用法：用于宾语从句中，当主句中是过去时态时，从句中的一般将来时就变成过去将来时。立足于过去言将来；,(2008台州中考)-Hi,Mary.Where is your father?-Look,He _his car over there.washes B.is washing C.will wash D.has been washed,Exercise,5.现在进行时态(The Present Continuous Tense),概念：,常
7、用时间状语：,表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作,now,listen,look,right now,these days,at this moment,etc,am/is/are+doing,构成形式：,现在进行时的注意点:,2.表达状态、感情和感觉的动词不能用进行时。如：中know,be,want,think,see,hear,like,hope,love,have,1.在表达时，切记不要忘了be 动词。am/is/are doing,(2008衢州中考)-Why didnt you come and open the door for me,dear?-Sorry,Jack.I _ in t
8、he kitchen and didnt hear you.was cooking B.am cooking C.wave cooked D.will cook,Exercise,概念：,常用时间状语：,构成形式：,6.过去进行时态(The Past Continuous Tense),表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在发生的动作。,was/were+doing,at this time yesterday,from seven to nine last night,at that moment,etcWhen引导的时间状语从句I was reading a book when Jim call
9、ed.c.While 引导的时间状语从句The UFO took off while the man was taking photos.,过去进行时的注意点:,在when,while引导的时间状语从句中,表示主从句中两个动作同时发生时,用过去进行时表示.,1.When my father got home,I _ a letter to my friend.(2008宁波中考)write B.am writing C.wrote D.was writing,2._Jim was making a paper plane,his brother was doing homework.(对比）,
10、While,较长的动作,Exercise,1.He _(finish)writing the book,hasnt he?,has finished,2.(2008绍兴中考)-You seem to know much about the city.-Thats true.I _ it three times.A.visited B.had visited C.have visited D.will visit,A.概念：,构成形式：,7.现在完成时态(The Present Perfect Tense),发生在过去且对现在仍有影响 的动作,强调对现在的影响.,have/has+done,1.
11、Can you go to the movies with me tonight?Sorry,I cant.I havent finished my homework yet.,2.-I have learned how to make dumplings before.I can teach you how to make them.-Great!When did you learn it?-I learned it when I was 8 years old.,常用时间状语：,already,just,before,yet,never,ever,etc.,B.1.表示某个动作从过去开始一
12、直持续到现在，有可能在将来还要延续。2.主语+has/have+done+for/since I have taught English for 21 years.since 1992 since I graduated from the university.He has been away from his home for 40 years.3.动词必须为可延续性动词leave=be away from begin=be on arrive=be inborrow=keep buy=have,C.1.Has/have+been to(曾经到过某地，人已回来)I have been to
13、Hangzhou many times.2.Has/have+gone to(去了某地，人在路上或在目的地）Where is Mr.Green?He has gone to London.,现在完成时的注意点:,1.have been to,have been in 和 have gone to 的区别,2.短暂性动词和持续性动词,1).Tom _never_ to America2).-Is Tina at home?-Sorry,she _ Shanxi,and she _there for three days.,译下列句子：,、这本书他买了一年了 4、这本书他借了三天了。5、我们离开广
14、州六年了。,He has bought this book for a year.,He has had this book for a year.,He has borrowed the book for three days.,He has kept the book for 3 days.,We have left Guangzhou for 6 years.,We have been away from Guangzhou for 6 years.,短暂性动词不能跟表示一段时间的状语连用,必须转变成持续性动词,D.常见句型It is+一段时间+since 从句(一般过去时).,It i
15、s three days since they borrowed that book.,Exercise,had had,She told me that she_(have)this bike for three years.,概念：,常用时间状语：,构成形式：,8.过去完成时:(The Past PerfectTense),主语+had done,by the end of last year,by,before+过去的时间点；由when,before,after,by the time等引导的状语丛句中，表示主句的动作发生在从句之前。,表示在过去某一时刻前已完成的动作。也称“过去的过去”
16、,过去完成时的注意点:,用于宾词从句中，当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时,一定要注意宾语从句中的时态变化。,He said that he _the film many times.,had seen,9.现在完成进行时态S+has/have being+doneWe have being learned English for an hour.,Exercise,1.The volleyball match will be put off if it.A.will rain B.rains C.rained D.is raining,2.-Do you want to see the film
17、“Harry Potter”?-The film“Harry Potter”?I _ it.Its very wonderful.(2008黄岗中考)A.see B.have seen C.was seeing D.has seen,3.The boy _(not swim)in the river yet.,hasnt swum,5.-Where is Liu Mei?-She_(go)home.,4.-Where is your father?-He _(watch)TV in the room.,7.He asked what they_(do)at eight last night.,
18、were doing,8.I know that he _(join)the army in1985.,joined,6.We dont know if it _(rain)tomorrow.If it _(rain)tomorrow,well not go for a picnic.,is watching,will rain,rains,has gone,9.Hes not hungry.He_ just_(have)lunch.,11.-_the Blacks _(visit)the Great Wall before?-Yes,they_.-When _they _(visit)it?
19、-Only a month ago.,10.Im sure he _(work)it out in one hour.,has,will work,Have,had,visited,have,did,visit,12.He_(look)out of the window when the match_(begin).,was looking,began,II.动词时态要点说明,(参见复习指导P4146),III.动词时态专项突破及应试对策,专项突破：1,慧眼识别标志词,Eg.()1，-Shall we go shopping now?-Sorry,I cant.I _ my shirts.A,
20、wash B,washes C,am washing D,washed.,()2,“Hero”is a wonderful movie.I _ it twice already.A,will see B,see C,saw D,have seen.,特别提醒：敏锐捕捉时间标志词，并结合具体的语境，选择出正确的动词时态，是解决此类问题的良策。请同学们熟记各种常用时态所对应的时间状语及标志词。,C,D,2，主从时态须呼应 如果所给的题干是主从复合句，可根据主从时态呼应原则确定正确的时态,Eg.()1，I _ the CDs to you if I have time tomorrow.A,will
21、 return B,returned C,have returned D,return,()2,-Did you see Tom at the party?-No,he _ by the time I got there.A,left B,was leaving C,had left D,has left,特别提醒：近年来中考试题在考查主从句的时态呼应时，常将其放在实际的语境中考查。在解题时，希望同学们 把握好主从复合句的用法。,A,C,3，瞻前顾后巧搭配利用上下文所提供的信息，瞻前顾后，选择正确的动词形式。,Eg.()1，-How was your weekend on the farm?-
22、Great!We _ with the farmer.A,enjoy ourselves.B,went fishing C,will work D,make friends,这种情况也非常适用“用所给词适当形式填空”中。2,-What are you doing,Jim?-I _(draw)a beautiful horse.3,I _(hear)a sound and got up.,B,am drawing,heard,4，细心体会用语境近年来各地中考对动词时态考查的要求越来越高，有的趋向于不出现时间状语，而向情景化、实际化方向发展。因此，细心体会所给的语境，根据具体的语境来选择合适的时态是考生需要重点解决的问题。,Eg.()1,-Tom,_ you _ smoking?-Yes.Now drinking tea is my favorite.A,will,stop B,did,stop C,would stop D,have stopped.,()2,-Youve left the light on.-Oh,sorry._ and turn it off.A,Ive gone B,Ill go C,I went D,Im going.,D,B,
