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1、2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,1,Effective Presentations,by Chathuni B.JayasingheDepartment of HRMFaculty of Commerce&Management StudiesUniversity of Kelaniya.,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,2,Why Give a Presentation?,To Persuade To Sell an idea or productTo InformTo Impress,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.J
2、ayasinghe,3,Presentation Planning,What is the objective of the presentation Who is the audience How large is the audience Where is presentation to be given What resources are available How much time do you have,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,4,Organization,Carefully outline your presentation before
3、 getting into construction detailsDo not wait for preparation till the last moment Careful use of humorOrganize presentation with:introductionbodyconclusion,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,5,Opening,Approaching the stageUsing prime timeGreetingIntroductionAvoid weak openingsState the objectivePrevie
4、w session outline,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,6,Delivery,APPEARANCEPHYSICAL Appearance Dress neatly and tidily-first impressions are important.Carry yourself in a confident and professional manner.,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,7,Delivery cont.,Eye ContactKeep eye contact with the class.This w
5、ill:keep them alert.make them feel that they are being directly spoken to.make them feel part of the class.give them confidence in you as the instructor/presenter.Monitor the class reactions to what you are saying so that you can adjust your talk accordingly.,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,8,Delive
6、ry cont.,Do not:stare(intimidate).move your eyes from side to side(distraction).look out the window or at the clock(indicates boredom).look only at the training aids or chalk board(this can be perceived as impolite).look at your feet or at the ceiling(indication of nervousness or timidity).,2/22/202
7、3,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,9,Delivery cont.,Body MovementsBe natural-dont move around too much or too little.move forward for emphasis(e.g.when standing at a podium).relax when talking from behind a desk-this creates some intimacy with a group.slowly and on occasion move from side to side to engage all
8、 parts of the class.,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,10,Delivery cont.,Gesturesuse meaningful and appropriate gestures to make a point.Do not,or at least avoid:play with keys or coins in your pocket.use your hands too much,touching your nose or ears and excessive coughing.use a pointer,pen,pencil or
9、 chalk to point at an individual may be perceived as offensive.,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,11,Delivery cont.,Voice VOICE Volume Speak loudly enough to be heard.VOICE Pitch Use effectively to convey meaning.VOICE Rate Speak more quickly to convey enthusiasm.Speak more slowly to emphasize key poi
10、nts or issues.,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,12,Delivery cont.,Voice contDo not:speak so quickly that no one can understand.speak so quickly that materials are glossed over rather than well explained so that they are understood.speak so slowly that people become bored or drowsy.,2/22/2023,Chathuni
11、 B.Jayasinghe,13,Delivery cont.,Articulation Speak clearly,pronouncing words carefully-dont mumble.Control your lips,teeth and tongue to assist you.LanguageAvoid expressions(e.g.O.K.,Like,You know).Do not use profanity.Humor Use humor but only appropriately.,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,14,Presen
12、tations.,Who is the best?Men or women?If you were to meet Ranil WickramasingheGirls and boys should get married before 25.You are the opponent candidate for Mervin SilvaBachelor degree without assignments,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,15,Looking Good,Smile AttireNot distractingComfortableA good fi
13、le,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,16,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,17,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,18,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,19,Dealing with questions,Answer briefly and move onAnswer partiallyRefer them to a sourceSee them at a breakTurn it back to the questionerFind the answer and g
14、et back to the questionerSimply say“I dont know.”,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,20,Ending,SummerizeHave to end on timeSay something that they have to think about,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,21,Types of Visual Aids,ChalkboardsOverhead transparenciesPosters and flip charts35 mm slidesPaper hando
15、utsPhysical modelsVideotape,filmComputer projection,ISSUES:CostLead TimeFlexibilityVisibilityAttractiveness,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,22,Group Presentations,IntroductionBodyConclusionCoordination,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,23,Why Use Visual Aids,People are 43%more likely to be persuadedMa
16、kes your ideas easier to understandPeople will remember 85%of everything we learn comes from information taken in visuallyOne picture is worth 8 minutes of talkingThey are your notes!,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,24,VA Guidelines,Ensure all can seeSpeak to the audienceMake them Big and SimpleMake
17、 Colorful and eye catching,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,25,The outline,1st or 2nd slide should have an outlineFollow outline for your presentationPlace main points on outline slide,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,26,Slide layout,Use point form,not complete sentencesMaximum of six points per slide
18、Avoid wordiness:key words only,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,27,Slide layout,This page contains too many words for a presentation slide.It is not written in point form,making it difficult both for your audience to read and for you to present each point.Although there are exactly the same number of
19、 points on this slide as the previous slide,it looks much more complicated.In short,your audience will spend too much time trying to read this paragraph instead of listening to you.,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,28,Slide layout,Showing one point at a time will:focus attention on one pointprevent r
20、eading aheadhelp keep your presentation focused,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,29,Slide layout,Do not use distracting animationDo not go overboard with the animationUse consistent animation,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,30,Slide layout,Slide transitions should not be distractingBe consistent with
21、 transitions never RandomWorst effects Checkerboard or Comb,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,31,Effective PowerPoint presentations,Excited,By,Animations,sound,and,Clip art,In PowerPoint?,You,Are,?,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,32,Fonts good,Use different size to show hierarchythe Title font is 36-p
22、oint the main point font is 28-pointthis font is 24-pointUse a standard font like ArialUse at least an 18-point font and Bold,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,33,Fonts-bad,If you use a small font,your audience wont be able to read what you have writtenCAPITALISE ONLY WHEN NECESSARY.IT IS DIFFICULT TO
23、 READ AND LOOKS LIKE YOU ARE SHOUTING.Dont use a complicated font in your presentation,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,34,Spacing-bad,If you have a set of pointsspace them out on the sliderather than in one corner,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,35,Spacing-good,If you have a set of pointsspace them
24、out on the sliderather than in one corner,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,36,Colour-good,Use a font colour that contrasts sharply with the backgroundUse colour to reinforce the logic of your structureUse colour to emphasise a pointBut only use this occasionally,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,37,Col
25、our-bad,Dont use non-contrasting font colours Using colour for decoration is distracting and annoyingUsing a different colour for each point is unnecessaryUsing a different colour for secondary points is also unnecessaryTrying to be creative can also be bad,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,38,Backgro
26、und-good,Use a simple backgroundUse backgrounds that contrast with text/imageryUse the same background consistently throughout your presentation,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,39,Background bad,Avoid backgrounds that are distracting or difficult to read fromAlways be consistent with the background
27、that you use,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,40,Red Background,A red background is not very effective,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,41,Graphs,Use graphs rather than just charts and wordsData in graphs is easier to comprehend and retain than raw dataTrends are easier to visualise in graph formAlway
28、s title your graphs,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,42,Graphs,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,43,Graphs,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,44,Graphs-bad,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,45,Spelling and Grammar,Proof your slides for:speling mistakesthe use of of repeated wordsgrammatical errors you might
29、 have make Have someone check your presentation,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,46,On the day,Get there earlyHandoutsDoes everything work?Can your audience read the slides?Keep an eye on the timeDont read directly from the slides,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,47,Conclusion slide,Use an effective and strong closingUse a conclusion slide,2/22/2023,Chathuni B.Jayasinghe,48,Questions?,End your presentation with a simple question slide to:Invite your audience to ask questionsProvide a visual aid during question periodAvoid ending a presentation abruptly,
