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1、Android BLE与终端通信客户端与服务端通信过程以及实现数据通信Android BLE与终端通信客户端与服务端通信过程以及实现数据通信 一.蓝牙数据传输 蓝牙数据传输其实跟我们的 Socket有点类似，如果有不懂的，可以百度一下概念，我们只要知道是这么回事就可以了，在网络中使用Socket和ServerSocket控制客户端和服务端来数据读写。而蓝牙通讯也是由客户端和服务端来完成的，蓝牙客户端Socket是BluetoothSocket,蓝牙服务端Socket是BluetoothServerSocket,这两个类都在Android.bluetooth包下，而且无论是BluetoothSo
2、cket还是BluetoothServerSocket，我们都需要一个UUID，这个UUID在上篇也是有提到，而且他的格式也是固定的： UUID:XXXXXXXX(8)-XXXX(4)-XXXX(4)-XXXX(4)-XXXXXXXXXXXX(12) 第一段是8位，中间三段式4位，最后一段是12位，UUID相当于Socket的端口，而蓝牙地址则相当于Socket的IP 1.activity_main.xml 2.实现步骤 1.声明 我们需要的东西 / 本地蓝牙适配器 private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter; / 列表 private ListVie
3、w lvDevices; / 存储搜索到的蓝牙 private List bluetoothDevices = new ArrayList; / listview的adapter private ArrayAdapter arrayAdapter; / UUID.randomUUID随机获取UUID private final UUID MY_UUID = UUID .fromString(db764ac8-4b08-7f25-aafe-59d03c27bae3); / 连接对象的名称 private final String NAME = LGL; / 这里本身即是服务端也是客户端，需要如下
4、类 private BluetoothSocket clientSocket; private BluetoothDevice device; / 输出流_客户端需要往服务端输出 private OutputStream os; 2.初始化 / 获取本地蓝牙适配器 mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter; / 判断手机是否支持蓝牙 if (mBluetoothAdapter = null) Toast.makeText(this, 设备不支持蓝牙, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show; finish; / 判断
5、是否打开蓝牙 if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled) / 弹出对话框提示用户是后打开 Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); startActivityForResult(intent, 1); / 不做提示，强行打开 / mBluetoothAdapter.enable; / 初始化listview lvDevices = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lvDevices); lvDevices.setOnItemClickListener(
6、this); / 获取已经配对的设备 Set pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter .getBondedDevices; / 判断是否有配对过的设备 if (pairedDevices.size 0) for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) / 遍历到列表中 bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName + : + device.getAddress + n); / adapter arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter(this, android.R.layout
7、.simple_list_item_1, android.R.id.text1, bluetoothDevices); lvDevices.setAdapter(arrayAdapter); /* * 异步搜索蓝牙设备广播接收 */ / 找到设备的广播 IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND); / 注册广播 registerReceiver(receiver, filter); / 搜索完成的广播 filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_
8、DISCOVERY_FINISHED); / 注册广播 registerReceiver(receiver, filter); 3.点击搜索 public void btnSearch(View v) / 设置进度条 setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true); setTitle(正在搜索.); / 判断是否在搜索,如果在搜索，就取消搜索 if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering) mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery; / 开始搜索 mBluetoothAdapter.startDisco
9、very; 4.搜索设备 private final BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) / 收到的广播类型 String action = intent.getAction; / 发现设备的广播 if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action) / 从intent中获取设备 BluetoothDevice device = intent .getParcel
10、ableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE); / 判断是否配对过 if (device.getBondState != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) / 添加到列表 bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName + : + device.getAddress + n); arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged; / 搜索完成 else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED .equals(action) / 关闭进度条 s
11、etProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true); setTitle(搜索完成！); ; 5.客户端实现已经发送数据流 / 客户端 Override public void onItemClick(AdapterView parent, View view, int position, long id) / 先获得蓝牙的地址和设备名 String s = arrayAdapter.getItem(position); / 单独解析地址 String address = s.substring(s.indexOf(:) + 1).trim; / 主动连接蓝牙
12、try / 判断是否在搜索,如果在搜索，就取消搜索 if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering) mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery; try / 判断是否可以获得 if (device = null) / 获得远程设备 device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address); / 开始连接 if (clientSocket = null) clientSocket = device .createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID); / 连接 cl
13、ientSocket.connect; / 获得输出流 os = clientSocket.getOutputStream; catch (Exception e) / TODO: handle exception / 如果成功获得输出流 if (os != null) os.write(Hello Bluetooth!.getBytes(utf-8); catch (Exception e) / TODO: handle exception 6.Handler服务 / 服务端，需要监听客户端的线程类 private Handler handler = new Handler public v
14、oid handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, String.valueOf(msg.obj), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show; super.handleMessage(msg); ; 7.服务端读取数据流 / 线程服务类 private class AcceptThread extends Thread private BluetoothServerSocket serverSocket; private BluetoothSocket socket; / 输入 输出流
15、 private OutputStream os; private InputStream is; public AcceptThread try serverSocket = mBluetoothAdapter .listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID); catch (IOException e) / TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace; Override public void run / 截获客户端的蓝牙消息 try socket = serverSocket.ac
16、cept; / 如果阻塞了，就会一直停留在这里 is = socket.getInputStream; os = socket.getOutputStream; / 不断接收请求,如果客户端没有发送的话还是会阻塞 while (true) / 每次只发送128个字节 byte buffer = new byte128; / 读取 int count = is.read; / 如果读取到了，我们就发送刚才的那个Toast Message msg = new Message; msg.obj = new String(buffer, 0, count, utf-8); handler.sendMe
17、ssage(msg); catch (Exception e) / TODO: handle exception 8.开启服务 首先要声明 /启动服务 ac = new AcceptThread; ac.start; MainActivity完整代码 package com.lgl.bluetoothget; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import j
18、ava.util.Set; import java.util.UUID; import android.app.Activity; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket; import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; import android.co
19、ntent.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.IntentFilter; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Handler; import android.os.Message; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.AdapterView; import an
20、droid.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener; import android.widget.ArrayAdapter; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.ListView; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnItemClickListener / 本地蓝牙适配器 private Blu
21、etoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter; / 列表 private ListView lvDevices; / 存储搜索到的蓝牙 private List bluetoothDevices = new ArrayList; / listview的adapter private ArrayAdapter arrayAdapter; / UUID.randomUUID随机获取UUID private final UUID MY_UUID = UUID .fromString(db764ac8-4b08-7f25-aafe-59d03c27bae3); / 连接对象的名称 p
22、rivate final String NAME = LGL; / 这里本身即是服务端也是客户端，需要如下类 private BluetoothSocket clientSocket; private BluetoothDevice device; / 输出流_客户端需要往服务端输出 private OutputStream os; /线程类的实例 private AcceptThread ac; Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); set
23、ContentView(R.layout.activity_main); initView; private void initView / 获取本地蓝牙适配器 mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter; / 判断手机是否支持蓝牙 if (mBluetoothAdapter = null) Toast.makeText(this, 设备不支持蓝牙, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show; finish; / 判断是否打开蓝牙 if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled) / 弹出对话框提示用户
24、是后打开 Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); startActivityForResult(intent, 1); / 不做提示，强行打开 / mBluetoothAdapter.enable; / 初始化listview lvDevices = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lvDevices); lvDevices.setOnItemClickListener(this); / 获取已经配对的设备 Set pairedDevices = mBluetoothAda
25、pter .getBondedDevices; / 判断是否有配对过的设备 if (pairedDevices.size 0) for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices) / 遍历到列表中 bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName + : + device.getAddress + n); / adapter arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, android.R.id.text1, bluetoothDi
26、ces); lvDevices.setAdapter(arrayAdapter); /启动服务 ac = new AcceptThread; ac.start; /* * 异步搜索蓝牙设备广播接收 */ / 找到设备的广播 IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND); / 注册广播 registerReceiver(receiver, filter); / 搜索完成的广播 filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINIS
27、HED); / 注册广播 registerReceiver(receiver, filter); public void btnSearch(View v) / 设置进度条 setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true); setTitle(正在搜索.); / 判断是否在搜索,如果在搜索，就取消搜索 if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering) mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery; / 开始搜索 mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery; / 广播接收器 private
28、final BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) / 收到的广播类型 String action = intent.getAction; / 发现设备的广播 if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action) / 从intent中获取设备 BluetoothDevice device = intent .getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDe
29、vice.EXTRA_DEVICE); / 判断是否配对过 if (device.getBondState != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) / 添加到列表 bluetoothDevices.add(device.getName + : + device.getAddress + n); arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged; / 搜索完成 else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED .equals(action) / 关闭进度条 setProgressBarIndeterm
30、inateVisibility(true); setTitle(搜索完成！); ; / 客户端 Override public void onItemClick(AdapterView parent, View view, int position, long id) / 先获得蓝牙的地址和设备名 String s = arrayAdapter.getItem(position); / 单独解析地址 String address = s.substring(s.indexOf(:) + 1).trim; / 主动连接蓝牙 try / 判断是否在搜索,如果在搜索，就取消搜索 if (mBluet
31、oothAdapter.isDiscovering) mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery; try / 判断是否可以获得 if (device = null) / 获得远程设备 device = mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address); / 开始连接 if (clientSocket = null) clientSocket = device .createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID); / 连接 clientSocket.connect; / 获得输出流 os = cli
32、entSocket.getOutputStream; catch (Exception e) / TODO: handle exception / 如果成功获得输出流 if (os != null) os.write(Hello Bluetooth!.getBytes(utf-8); catch (Exception e) / TODO: handle exception / 服务端，需要监听客户端的线程类 private Handler handler = new Handler public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, Strin
