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1、Unit 1Friendship,词性变化,add-addition-additional in additionupset 1 2(过去式和过去分词)calm 1(动词短语）2ignore-ignorance-ignorantloose-loosenGerman12-Germanyoutdoors-indoorsdusk(短语)duck dusty-dust thunder lightningpower-powerfulcurtain certain-certainly,partner part apart take apartsettle settlementsuffer suffer f
2、romloneliness-lonely alonerecover recover from recoveryexactly exact to be exactdisagree disagreement agreement agreetip(n)(vt).,重点单词,1.add add up add up to add to add A to B观察思考1).Please add up these numbers and see how much they add up to.45+62+48=1552).Will you add more sugar to the coffee?,合计，加起
3、来总计达，总共有增添，增加给加上;往添加,3).The flowers add to the beauty of our school.Add up to 一般不用于被动语态，add up 如果是代词作宾语应该将其放在add 和up之间。即学即用His returning home safe and sound _her pleasure(使她倍感欢喜).His whole school education_ only one year.We have planted flowers and green trees around the buildings,which_ the beauty
4、of the city.add to.B.add up.C.add up to.D.are added to The cost of the trip to Hong Kong _$1000.A.adds to B.adds up C.adds up to If you _ 4 _ 3,you will get 7.,adds to,added up to,add,to,(1)His whole school education_ only one year.(2)His illness _the familys trouble.(3)We have planted flowers and g
5、reen trees around the buildings,which_ the beauty of the city.add to.B.add up.C.add up to.D.are added to 4).The cost of the trip to Hong Kong _$1000.adds to B.adds up C.adds up to 5)If you 4 3,you will get 7.,added to,added up to,add,to,2.till/until 直到 notuntil 直到才 e.g I worked till/until midnight.I
6、 didnt leave the office until midnight.3.,(和延续性动词连用),(和瞬间性动词连用),calm,calm down,quiet,still,silent,1).The excited boy finally _.2).In class you cant always keep _.3).Please be _.Class begins.4).Keep _.The photographer is ready.5).After the storm the sea became _.6)When facing danger,one should keep _
7、;7)When taken photos,one should keep _;8)When someone else is asleep,one should keep _;9)In class,one shouldnt keep _ about the teachers questions.,calmed down,silent,quiet,still,calm,calm,still,quiet,silent,4.get it repaired get sth.done请人做某事(非亲自动手)=have sth.done上周我去城里剪头发了.Last week I went to the t
8、own to_.爸爸明天要去检查身体.Tomorrow Daddy will_.,get/have my hair cut.,have/get himself examined,让某人一直做某事,让某人做某事,让某人一直做某事,让某人做某事,5.concern be concerned about/forbe concerned withThe survey is concerned with honesty.The parents are concerned about the health of their son.as far as sb.is concerned=in ones opi
9、nion 就某人而言,在某人看来As far as I am concerned,the price of oil will continue to increase.,挂念，关心与有关，涉及,归纳总结be concerned with sth.和有关be concerned about sth.担心/关心某事即学即用 This novel was concerned_the Second World War,while most teenagers are more concerned_the heros love story.A.with;about B.with;at C.for;abo
10、ut D.about;with,A,6.should have done 本来应该做某事(而实际没做,含有责备的意味)should not have done 本来不该做某事(而实际已做)1).You are late.You _.(早五分钟来）2).He looks upset.I _.(本不该告诉他这个坏消息）,should have come five minutes earlier,shouldnt have told him the bad news,could not have done 一定没有做过某事他一定没有去过北京。He couldnt have been to Beiji
11、ng.你考砸了，你一定没有努力。You failed in the exam,you couldnt have worked hard.区别下组词：could have done must have done should(not)have done,1)You must have forgotten to turn off the light last night.The light is still on now.(过去)一定做过某事2)She could have stayed with my sister.But she didnt tell me she stayed at NewY
12、ork at that time.（过去）本来能够做（但实际上没有做）3)They shouldnt have left without saying goodbye.（过去）本来不应该做，但实际上做了。4）You are late.You should have come here 5 minutes ago.（过去）本来应该做，但实际上没有做。,7.cheat n.欺骗，骗子，欺骗手段 vt.&vi 欺骗，骗取，欺诈，作弊 cheat sb(out)of sth 骗取某人的某物 cheat sb into doing 骗某人做 cheat at/in 作弊，作假，行骗*He was cau
13、ght cheating in the exam.他考试作弊时被当场抓获。8.list n.目录；名单；一览表 vt.列举eg.I must make a list of things to buy.我得列个购物单。我得列个购物单。I must list the things to buy.,make a list of=list,9.upset归纳总结(sth.)upset sb.（某事）使某人心烦意乱(sb.)upset sth.（某人）打/弄翻某物upset a plan打乱计划be upset about/over/at sth.为某事烦心upset ones stomach使（肠胃）
14、不适即学即用（1）There is no point(为此事烦恼).（2）(你别为这事烦恼了)lets just forget it.,getting upset about it,Dont upset yourself about it!,10.ignore归纳总结ignore sb./sth.不理睬某人/某事ignorance n.无知；愚昧；不知道be in ignorance of/about sth.不知道某事ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的；不知道的be ignorant that.不知道某事be ignorant of/about sth.不知道某事即学即用（1）我们不能
15、不考虑他们的劝告.We cant afford to _.（2）他对现代科技一无所知.Hes completely_modern technology.,ignore their advice,ignorant about,11.settle vi.安家；定居；停留；vt.使定居；安排；settle down舒适地坐下(或躺下);定居;安静/平静下来settle in/into习惯于;适应settle on选定,决定settle up付清账单即学即用(1)With a lot of difficult problems_,the manager felt like a cat on hot b
16、ricks.A.settled B.answered C.to settleD.to answer(2)The voyage was completed,so James Cook made up his mind to down in London.A.settle B.write C.set D.sit,C,A,12.suffer v.遭受；忍受；经历suffer作及物动词时，其后跟的宾语常是pain,loss,defeat,punishment,hardship等。在表示“患（某种疾病）”时要用 suffer from。suffer作不及物动词，表“受到损失/损害”时，其主语一般是物。即
17、学即用（1）During the war,he_much pain.A.is suffered B.suffered C.was suffered D.was suffered from（2）It is to be_ that your health is_since youve been sitting by the desk all day long.A.expecting;suffering B.expected;suffering C.expecting;suffered D.expected;suffered,B,B,重点短语1.go through1)经历；经受；遭到to go t
18、hrough two stages经历两个阶段These countries have gone through too many wars.这些国家饱经战火。2)完成；做完3)通过；批准The law has gone through Parliament.议会已经通过了这项法案。(Parliament)Their plans went through.他们的计划得到了批准。,1）They lived a happy life after going through so many bad things.2)They went through our luggage at the custo
19、ms.3）I always start the day by going through my e-mails.4）I have gone through all the envelops.5）How long will you go through this book?,经历，遭受,仔细检查，审查,浏览，翻阅,用完，用掉,看完，完成,go的相关短语go after 追赶go against 违反，与不符go ahead 先走；开始做，着手干go by 逝去；过去go off 离开；爆炸go on 上场；继续；流逝go over 检查,2.set down1)放下，搁下,使坐下2)记下，记载，
20、写下How shall I set myself down in the hotel register?在旅馆的登记簿上，我应如何写自己的身份呢？Ill set you _ on the corner of your street.A.downB.off C.upD.out3)让/叫下车set 的相关短语set about(doing sth.)着手（做某事）set out(to do sth.)开始，着手（做某事）set aside留出；不顾,set back（把钟等）往回拨；推迟set free释放；解放set off动身，出发（去某地）；使爆炸set out动身，出发；着手；安排，组织s
21、et up开办；建立；设立set an example树立榜样set fire to.=set.on fire纵火烧即学即用（1）乘客只有在正式车站方可上下车。Passengers may be and picked up only at the officialstops.（2）由于天气恶劣，建筑计划延误了几个星期。The bad weather the building programme by several weeks.,set down,set back,3.On purpose 特意地，故意地我是特意来找你谈话的。I have come on purpose to talk to
22、you.反义：by accident/chancePurpose 目的，意图。目的是 for/with the purpose of doing sth她是为了报复才和他结婚的。She married him for the purpose of revenge.,4.too much 与 much too too much+不可数名词 表示“太多”,他喝得太多酒了。,He drank too much wine.,much too+adj./adv.表示“实在太”他这几天实在太忙了。,He has been much too busy these days.,5.In order to 为了
23、为了不迟到，他早早就出发了。In order not to be late,he started early.可和 so as to 互换，但要注意：In order to 可放在主句前或后,但so as to只能放在句中。He started early so as not to be late.,6.Dare,a.情态动词用法与can,will,shall 等相同，一般现在时为dare,一般过去时为 dared,b.实义动词有时态(dare,dared)的变化，也有人称的变化(dares),作情态动词，后接动词原形-He dare say that to the teacher.,否定句,
24、疑问句,He dare not say that to the teacher.,Dare he say that to the teacher?,b.作实义动词时与to连用-He dares to say that to the teacher.,否定句,疑问句,He doesnt dare to say that to the teacher.,Does he dare to say that to the teacher?,*在借助do(did,does)构成的否定句或疑问句中，理论上应该有to，实际上常省略toShe doesnt dare(to)go out alone at nig
25、ht.Does she dare(to)go out alone at night?,1.I wonder how he _ that to the teacher.A.dare to say B.dare saying C.not dare say D.dared say,D,7.happen to do sth“碰巧”常与when 连用,我在超市买东西的时候，碰巧见到了我的朋友。,I happened to meet my friend when I was doing shopping in the super market.,父亲正要出去找她，碰巧她进来了。,As father was
26、 about to go out and search for her,she happened to come in.,8.according to“根据”，“按照”,根据天气预报，今天会下雨。,According to the weather report,it will rain today.,请按老师的要求去做。(requirement),Please do it according to the teachers requirement.,根据情景编故事。(make up a story),Make up a story according to the situation.,9.g
27、et along with 在get along后可以加副词，表示相处得如何。get along with sth.表示“_”的意思。有关get的短语：get about/around（消息）传开get.across讲清楚；（使）被领会get away from.离开；脱身get.back收回，找回get.down记下来；使悲伤，使沮丧get down to认真做；开始着手做,某事进展/进行,同某人相处,get in到达；收割get on.上车/船/飞机等；继续进行；相处get over.克服；摆脱get rid of.消灭，摆脱，除掉get together聚会，联欢即学即用（1）他与同学们
28、相处得很好。He his classmates.（2）你的英语学习进展得如何？are you your English studies?,gets along very well with,How,getting along with,10.join in易混辨异join,join in,take part in,attend,participate（1）join表示“加入党派、组织、社团、俱乐部”等，如join the Party/Youth League/army/club/organization入党/入团/参军/加入俱乐部/加入组织。（2）join in表示“参加正在进行的活动”，如j
29、oin in a game/discussion/conversation/walk参加游戏/讨论/谈话/散步。亦可说：join sb.in(doing)sth.表示“加入某人一起做某事”。,参加，加入,（3）take part in表示“参加会议、活动”，侧重说明主语参加并发挥一定作用，part前若有修饰语，要用不定冠词，如take(an active)part in a party/school activities/physical labour(积极)参加聚会/学校活动/体力劳动。（4）attend表示“出席或参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、典礼，上课，上学，听报告”，如attend a
30、meeting/a sports meeting/a concert/a show/school/a lecture参加会议/运动会/出席音乐会/出席展览会/上学/听演讲。（5）participate为正式用语，和介词in连用，表示积极地参与。,即学即用用join的相关短语填空（1）They are playing basketball on the playground.Lets_.（2）Will you_me_buying a present for her?,join in,join,in,典型句式运用1.She and her family hid away for nearly tw
31、enty-five months before they were discovered.她和家人躲藏了几乎25个月后被发现了。句中before意思是“_”,有时可以理解为“_”。在“It+be+时间段+before从句”中before意为“_”。在“It+be+否定形式+long+before从句”中before意为“_”。,在之前,还没等就,之后才,不久就,2.It is because+句子.that从句 是因为 因为他迟到了，所以才失业了。It is because he was late that he lost his job.=The reason why he lost his
32、 job is that he was late.The reason why.is that.原因是.我们不信任他的原因是他经常撒谎。The reason why we dont trust him is that he often lies.,reason 理由cause起因,3.It was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face.It is/was the first time that 这是谁是第一次做It is the first time that I have spoken
33、to a foreigner.It was the fourth time that he had made the samemistake in his homework.这对夫妇告诉我们那是他们第二次游西湖。The couple told us it was the second time that they had visited West Lake.,It is/was the+序数词+time that sb has/had done time“次数”作先行词其后的定语从句用完成时态,4.Its(high/about)time(that)sb.did sth.time“时候,时间”其
34、后的that从句常用一般过去时It is high time that we went to school.现在是我们该去上学的时候了。It is about time that they got down to doing their work.是他们该开始认真干活的时候了。,重点难句,Add up your score and see how many points you get.and为并列连词，连接句子祈使句以动词开头，说话对象为第二人称Hurry up and you will catch the bus.Hurry up or you will miss the bus.,and
35、表示顺向关系，就能,or 表示逆向关系，否则,Tell him/her that he/she should have studied,你告诉他他本来应该学习，should have done 过去应该做某事而实际上没有做，含有责备的意思You shouldnt have left without saying good-bye.shouldnt have done 过去不应该做某事而实际上做了，含有责备的意思。You could have passed the exam but you just were lazy.I would have gone to your party but I
36、was busy.,本来可以做成某事，而实际上没有做,本来打算做某事，但实际上没有做,Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to,like your deepest feelings and thoughts?,like 为介词=such as,You want a friend,You want a friendYou could tell everything to,缺少宾语,a friend,whom,从句起到修饰作用，修饰前面的名词 a friend.,形容词修饰名词作定语,定语从句,I wonder if it is
37、because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that I have grown so crazy about every about nature.,I wonder if/whether,我想知道是否,我想知道我们是否还能见面。,I wonder if/whether we could meet again.,状语从句,主句,I have grown so crazy about every about nature because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long.,我
38、不知道这是不是因为我很久无法出门的缘故,我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。,It is that.,强调句结构：It is+强调部分+that+剩余句子部分我昨天在街上遇见了TomI met Tom in the street yesterday.强调主语强调宾语强调地点状语强调时间状语,不能强调动词,It was I that met Tom in the street yesterday.,It was Tom that I met in the street yesterday.,It was in the street that I met Tom yesterday.,It
39、was yesterday that I met Tom in the street.,归纳总结此句中的Its.that.是强调句型。(1)强调句型的基本结构 _ _。用来强调 _、_ 和_等成分。that只起 _ 作用，_ 成分，但 _ 省略。当被强调部分为sb.时可用who，也可用that，其他情况一律用that。强调主语时，that后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语的人称与数保持一致。,It is/was+被强调的,成分+that/who+其他成分,主语,宾语,状语,连接,不作,不能,Players banned for match-throwing,UK wins golds.Eight
40、womens badminton players were disqualified by the sports governing body on Wednesday for trying to lose on purpose,while the hosts finally claimed their first gold medals.,（2）特殊句式中的强调句型：如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示“到底、究竟”等语气时，就用如下结构：“特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+该句的其余部分”，that，who后只能使用陈述语序。在强调“not.until”结构中由until
41、所引导的短语（或从句）作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：“It+is/was+not until+被强调部分+that+该句的其余部分”，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。,（3）要注意强调句型和it代表时间、距离、温度、自然现象、具体事物或人物等时所构成的各种句型的区别。判断是否是强调句，要采用“还原法”。如果还原为一般句式后，句子各种成分完整且在上下文中表达的意思合情合理，则是强调句，否则不是。（4）英语中常用助动词do,does或did强调谓语.I did come yesterday.我昨天确实来了。,典例体验What Joe found in the bathroom?乔在洗
42、手间发现的是什么？in the town he was brought up.他是在镇上被养大的。quite recently they knew the secret about Jacks failure.直到最近他们才知道杰克s失败了。,was it that,It was,that,It was not until,that,即学即用（1）It we had stayed together for a couple of weeks I found we had a lot in common.A.was until;when B.was until;that C.wasnt unti
43、l;when D.wasnt until;that 解析 本题考查强调句。强调句的基本结构为：It is/was+被强调部分+其他成分。句意为：我 们在一起呆了几个星期后我才发现我们有许多 共同之处。not.until.直到才。,D,（2）I have nothing to confess._ you want me to say?A.What is it that B.What it is that C.How is it that D.How it is that,A,考题回扣【例1】This is the first time we a film in the cinema togeth
44、er as a family.(陕西高考)A.seeB.had seen C.sawD.have seen 解析 在This/It is the first/second.time that从句中，that从句谓语动词用现在完成时态。句意为：这是第一次我们全家人一起到电影院看 电影。,D,【例2】You cant borrow books from the school library _you get your student card.（上海高考）A.beforeB.if C.whileD.as 解析 句意为:在你得到学生证之前不能从学校图书馆借书。if是否，假如；while在同时；as当
45、时候,均不合题意。课文原文 She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months_they were discovered.,before,A,【例3】Shell never forget her stay _she found her son who had gone missing two years before.(四川高考)A.that B.which C.where D.when 解析 stay在此处的意义与a period of staying相同，故用when引导定语从句，且when在从句中作时间状语。课文原文 I c
46、an well remember that there was a time_a deep blue sky,the song of the birds,moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.,when,D,【例4】At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see_it got any better.（北京高考）A.when B.how C.why D.if 解析 if在此引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。课文原文 I
47、 wonder_its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that.,D,if,【例5】At the age of 29,Dave was a worker,_ in a small apartment near Boston and_what to do about his future.（湖南高考）A.living;wondering B.lived;wondering C.lived;wondered D.living;wondered 解析 句意为：29岁时，大卫是一名工人，居住在波士顿附近的一座小公寓里，对于他
48、的未来还一片茫然。根据句意及句式结构，live和wonder的逻辑主语都是Dave,所以要使用现在分词短语作定语。课文原文.I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains _.,A,hanging before very dusty windows,必修一 暑假对应练习 U1 Friendship,一）把句子补充完整1.你把所有的数加起来就会知道You will know the _ when you _ _ all the numbers.2.我们努力想让他平静下来，但他还是激动地大叫。We tried to _ him _ b
49、ut he kept _ excitedly.3.玛丽在医院里住了很长一段时间后，恢复了健康。After a long stay_ _Mary _.4.李鸣在这里定居后，和邻居们相处得很好。Since Li Ming_here,he has _ _ _ _his neighbours.,result,add up,calm down,shouting,in hospital,recovered,settled,got along well with,5.如果你不想和我在一起，你就收拾东西走人。If you dont want to stay with me,you can _ _ and go
50、.6.战争期间，我受了很多苦。我用日记记下自己的经历,以便老了以后能够记住。During the war,I _ a lot.I wrote my diary to _ _ my_,so I would_them when I was old.二）填入所缺的词。1.It was quite terrible.It took me some time to c_ down myself.2.Parents are always c_ much about their children.3.True friends always s_ their sadness and happiness wit
