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1、【标题】内向与外向性格对英语学习的影响 【作者】内向与外向性格对英语学习的影响 【关键词】内向；外向；性格；影响；英语学习 【指导老师】王 露 【专业】英语 【正文】. IntroductionABackgroundWith the popularization of English communicative skills, the research on learners individual difference are drawing more and more peoples attention, and undoubtedly personality becomes one of
2、the important but not estimated factors. Swiss psychologist Carl Gustav Jung divided personality into introversion and extroversion according to the internal and external environment of ones character. Psychologist Song Guangwen(1994) once pointed out the importance of the personality, he said:“pers
3、onality is the most important factors among the non-intelligence factors which can make up for a persons ability, and also good personality is the indispensable factor to achieve success.”1 And some psychologists in China think that the extroverted are active, sociable, adaptable and generous in eve
4、ry respect, but some of the extroverted are rash and random in their work. And the introverted, they think, are self-centered, cautious and thoughtful, but they are uncommunicative, indifferent and isolated. Meanwhile these features of introvert and extrovert character have drawn many English teache
5、rs attention; they related students English studying to their personality. Teachers regard students who have good English skills as confident, outgoing and earnest in studying. While they view students whose English are not good as timid, introverted. Though the above mentioned comes from the actual
6、 observances of life and teaching, there still exists two absolute opinions. Because the extroverted have the big advantage in the basic international communication skills, Rod Ellis(1994) think the extroverted have more opportunities to gain language information, therefore they have priority in lea
7、rning English.2 And another view is that the introverted are good at the cognitive academic language ability, and they spend much time in reading and writing, so they are easy to success in the academic, therefore they have the advantage in learning English. Different people have different views abo
8、ut which character is conductive to the study of language.BThe purpose of studyThis paper first introduces the definition of introvert and extrovert character from the view of scholars at home and abroad, and then presents the relationship between the extrovert and introvert character, and the influ
9、ence of two characters on English learning. The thesis analyzes the two characters how to influence English learning, and puts forward several solutions to solve this problem. The paper mainly wants to draw English teachers attention so as to care more about the extrovert and introvert students Engl
10、ish studying, and provide more opportunities for the students with the two personalities to practice their English and learn it as well as they can.CThe significance of studyThis paper intends to draw teachers and peoples attention about the influence of the introvert and extrovert character on thei
11、r studying, and let students learn about the two characters and then check whether they have one of the characters or not. And the paper can also help the introvert and extrovert students to some extent overcome their difficulties in learning English, putting forward four teaching skills to enrich a
12、nd cultivate the intro-extroverted students knowledge and interest to learn English. The definition of introvert and extrovert characterA. The definition of introvert and extrovert character from overseas scholarsPersonality can be divided into introversion and extroversion. Britain psychologist H.J
13、.Esenck analyzed the structure of personality through the Britain traditional theory. According to study many peoples personal materials, he summarized three basic personalities: the introvert and extrovert, sentimental stability and psycho-personality. However, Esenck(1993) regarded introversion as
14、 liable to depression and anxiety, and extroversion as apt to be impulsive and incontrollable.3 But as a matter of fact, the view of personality was not put forward firstly by Esenck, and it was created by Swiss psychologist C.G. Jung(1987), who divided character into two parts in his book-The Patte
15、rn of Psychology. 4 The first type is the introvert character. In his opinion, extroverted people show great concerns on their surroundings, and they always take on active and positive attitudes. The extroverted can make a prompt and affirmative decision when dealing with their work. They also dare
16、to show their true feelings in the front of whoever no matter knows or not. Most importantly, the extroverted people are especially good at communicating. And their characters contribute to their independence. Extroversive students who are active and talkative can often participate freely and bravel
17、y both in class discussions and some other occasions whatever the occasion is true or virtual. They dare to try what they have learned lately whatever the new words or the new sentence structures. They are very confident so that they are not afraid of making mistakes. If they do make some mistakes,
18、they can correct them without depression, shyness or getting angry after the teachers criticism or pointing out the mistakes. But the introverted people prefer to be quite, they are always cautious and considerate while studying and doing their work and so on. The introversive students usually keep
19、silent in class. They are not active, confident, or brave enough. They often dare not to answer the teachers question, participate in discussion because they are so shy so hesitating and afraid of making any mistakes which may make them fall into an embarrassing situation or be laughed at by their c
20、lassmates. Furthermore, they are not well adapted to the new atmosphere, their reaction is rather slow than the extroverted, and they show a little interest in social life. According to Jungs view, he thought that distinguishing the introverted and extroverted is based on the concentration, and the
21、introverted pay more attention to their internal world, but the extroverted attach importance to their external situation. As far as Im concerned, the two characters are not completely opposite. On the contrary, they are a successive body, to be exacted, from they like to communicate, adventure and
22、activate to they prefer to be quite, hate to deal with surrounding people and loathe to show off themselves,Eysenck and Chan(1982) made a further definition of the two characters. They hold that extroverted people like to attend all kinds of parties and meet new acquaintances, so they are of social
23、type; moreover they are humorous in language and active in social life, and have their own ways of doing things. While introverted people prefer to reading books rather than keeping in touch with others, they are inclined to live a peaceful life, so they have a few friends except few intimate ones.C
24、omparing with the introverted who do not like to communicate with others, Ellis believes that the extroverted are active in every aspect. They not only love to run a risk but also like to make friends, and they are full of vitality.5B. The definition of introvert and extrovert character from domesti
25、c scholarWu Bo(1997) suggests that the introvert and extrovert character directly influence English learning. 6 The extroversion is always active and open, generous and communicative in social life, and they have quick mind. They do not care about what others comment on them, and they are more prone
26、 to adapt to the new study and work environment. While the introversion is always putting them in the first place, but they have their own advantages and disadvantages. For example, the introverted keep calm when meeting tough situations. They are careful and thoughtful while doing their work and sc
27、hool assignment. However, they have difficulty in changing their study or work place, and they particularly pay attention to others comments on them.The relationship between the intro-extroverted character and English learningA. The general research of overseas scholarsIt is so easy for the extrover
28、ted to communicate with foreigners that they gain more opportunities to learn English, and they learn language quickly than the introverted. In this part, I will introduce some scholars research on the relationship between the two characters and English learning.Chastian investigated that students,
29、who learn German, French and Spanish in America, achieving in their English studies is to some extent related to their personalities.(Chastian: 1975)Naiman found in his survey on Excellent Learner that thirty-first percent of correspondents believed that the extroverted character is helpful to promo
30、te their spoken skills.(Naiman: 1978)Krashen pointed out that the extroversion contributes to acquire language, because the extroverted are active in class learning, so as to get more opportunities to practice their English.(Krashen: 1978)Busch made a study of Japanese college students learning Engl
31、ish by investigating the index of the introversion and extroversion. She found that the extroverted college boys achieved higher scores in the oral examination. And the introverted get high marks in the comprehension and grammar in standard written exam.(Busch: 1982)Strong found that the extroverted
32、 children learn English sickly. He also found that American children in kindergartens take English as the second language, who making progress in learning English largely depend on their characters-whether they are extroverted, communicative and sociable or not.(Strong: 1983)Robosons experimental re
33、sults on Japanese English learners show that the extroverted learners who have stable sentiment are more liable to exchange ideas with their peers than the introverted ones.(Roboson: 1992)B. The investigations of many language teachers and scholars at homeAt the same time, many linguistics and schol
34、ars have made studies in this aspect.Hu Min investigated freshmen at several key national universities in Guangdong province through the intro-extroverted questionnaire. Meanwhile, he combined the students scores in national entrance examination. His research indicates that students get a good mark
35、in English in the university entrance exam, which is obviously related to their introvert and extrovert characters. That is to say, the more extroverted the students are, the higher their English scores in examination.(Hu Min: 2001)Xu Qian arbitrarily chose fifty middle school students and studied t
36、he relationship between personality and English learning. And she found that the introverted learners get better in their English achievements than the extroverted.(Xu Qian: 2005)Nie Dahai suggested in his 2001s research that the extroverted take the priority in oral English, and the introverted do
37、better in writing and comprehension.Wang Chumming pointed out that if we took spoken, listening, comprehension and writing skills into full consideration, and the extroverted are not necessarily superior to the introverted in English learning.(Wang Chumming: 1990)C. The conclusion of two hypotheses
38、based on the research from home and abroadAccording to researchers from home and overseas investigations, the relationship between intro-extroversion and English learning may sum up the two hypotheses. First, extroverted learners can greatly master the basic skills of interpersonal communication, th
39、at is, the extroverted are sensitive to the input of language. They involve themselves in discussion on their own initiative, and get more chances to practice their oral English. But most of the extroverted have a short-term memory. Second, the introverted make many achievements in their academic st
40、udies, because they are willing to spend much time and energy in learning the form of language, such as, comprehension, and writing. On the contrary, they have a long-term memory. It is obvious that many researchers experimental results are largely different, because different scholars adopt differe
41、nt methods to study the relation of intro-extroversion and language learning. And the shortage of a variety of characters is the basic reason for the second language acquisition.The influence of intro-extroversion on English learningGood character can play a huge role in promoting the students study
42、ing. The undesirable character is not conducive to effective studying. Since a student has a good character, he must have strong self-control and a strong sense of responsibility. They generally have a positive learning attitude; they will study seriously to overcome the difficulties of life. At the
43、 same time, they can treat the relationship between people and people carefully. Because they can concentrate on learning, their studying is good. Talkative and active students in learning English can seize the opportunity to practice boldly, therefore they can win more opportunities to practice lan
44、guage and show themselves. Its certain that the effect of study will also be outstanding. And in the Influence of Personality on English Learning, Wang Xuemei also demonstrated the same opinions. She probes into the influence of personality upon English comprehension and specific skills with the aid
45、 of the measures in psycholinguistics by means of the research into seventy arbitrarily-chosen English learners. She found that personality has little influence on students comprehension skills. However, as far as the specific skills are concerned, all skills have certain linear correlation with per
46、sonality except spoken English, listening comprehension and writing.A. The influence of extroversion on English learningGenerally speaking, the extroverted students have the superiority in learning English at the early years, for studying English in this period is mainly in the form of speaking, whi
47、ch needs student to participate more language activities to promote their expression ability promptly. The extroverted are so active that they neglect to further their mind and to promote their capability to read and write. Therefore, during the English teaching, the extroverted students relatively
48、hold the lead at the primary school stage. Students who have a good English grade have a stable grade, they have a optimistic、confident and cheerful personality which tends to be outward-looking. At the same time, there is more interested in English. The extroverted students have great advantages in
49、 learning English, in terms of communicative nature of language, in face-to-face communication occasions; outward-oriented students are confident and happy to express their thoughts, not afraid to make mistakes when practicing oral character, etc. These characteristics are helpful to learn English which has a practical and highly communicative discipline. As a whole, the extroverted students learn English better than the introverted ones, because the latter have suffered a severe setback in their
