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1、Unit 8,Grammar Focus,4a,Use the words in brackets to complete the conversations.,1.A:Would you like something to drink?B:No,thanks._.(just/drink some tea)2.A:I heard you lost your key._?(find)B:No,not yet.,3.A:Do you know when Tom is leaving?B:_.(already/leave)A:When _?(leave)B:This morning.4.A:Is y
2、our sister going to the movies with us tonight?B:No._?(already/see the film),5.A:What do your parents think about our plan?B:I _(not/tell them/yet),4b,Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets.,Sally _(love)reading.In the morning,she reads the newspaper and in the evening sh
3、e reads books.She _ already _ and in the evening she reads books.She _ already _(read)more than 100 different books!Her favorite kind of books is science fiction.,She is interested in science and technology and loves to imagine what the world _(be)like in 50 years.She _(finish)reading a book about r
4、obots last week and _(write)a book report about it next week for her French class.Every time she is in the library,Sally looks at the many books she _(not read)yet and she cant wait to read them!,4c,Complete the chart with information about you and a friend.,Grammar,The Present Perfect with already,
5、yet,1.Have you watered the plants yet?Yes,I have already watered them.2.Have you finished your homework yet?Yes,I have already finished it.3.Have you found your bike yet?Yes,I have already found it.,现在完成时的构成:现在完成时是由“助动词have/has+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词要和主语的人称、数保持一致。,现在完成时,现在完成时的用法:(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
6、常使用just,already,yet等时间副词。Have you had lunch yet?你吃了午饭吗？Yes,Ive just had it.是的,我刚刚吃过。(现在我不饿了),(2)表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止,也可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。He has taught here since 1981.他自1981年就在这儿教书。(可能还要继续教)I havent seen her for four years.我有四年没见到她了。,现在完成时的时间状语:(1)用副词already和yet。already一般用于
7、肯定句中,yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。We have already finished our homework.我们已完成家庭作业了。They havent finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成家庭作业。,(2)用ever和never。多用于否定或疑问句中,表示“曾经”或“从未”等。Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾经去过长城吗？No,I have never been to the Great Wall.不,我从未去过长城。,(3)用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语,如just,before,up to now等
8、。I have seen her before,but I can not remember where.我以前见过她,但记不起在哪里见过。,(4)与since或for表示一段时间的状语连用,表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始,一直持续到现在。since后接时间点或过去时的句子；for后接时间段。,I havent seen him for two years.我已经两年没见到他了。She has taught us since last year.自从去年起她教我们。I have skated since I was four years old.从我四岁时我就开始滑冰了。,现在完成时中延续性动词
9、和终止性动词,英语动词根据词义可分为两种，一种是延续性的，一种是终止性的。终止性动词也可称为非延续性动词、瞬间动词或点动词，如:become,begin,buy,borrow,arrive,die,finish,get to know,go,join,marry,start,stop等。,终止性动词表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成,不能再延续,所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用,即不能与表示一段时间的状语,如for+时间段、since+时间点/从句连用,也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句。,若保留for+时间段,since+时间点/从句,或用在 how long句型中,则需
10、将终止性动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词。,以下是常用的瞬间性动词和延续性动词转换对应表:come be here buy have borrow keep leave be away die be dead stop be over begin/start be on,单项选择。()1.Have you taken out the trash,Belly?_.Ill do it right away.A.Sorry,I have B.No,I didnt C.No,I dont D.Not yet()2.Have you _ visited Shanghai?No,_.A.ever;not
11、 B.never;not C.ever;never D.never;ever,D,C,()3.Could you go to the park with me this afternoon?Sorry,I _ there.I went there yesterday.A.have gone B.have been C.went D.was()4.Have you washed your clothes _?No,I havent.But I have cleaned the room _.A.ago;already B.yet;yet C.before;yet D.yet;already,B,
12、D,()5.I am a soldier.I _ the army _ about five years.A.have joined;since B.have joined;for C.have been in;for D.have been in;since,C,1、They have been here since 2000.(对划线部分提问)_ _ have they been here?2、The old man _ last year.(die/dead)He _ _ _ for a year.(die/dead)（选词填空）3、This factory opened twenty
13、years ago.(同义 句转换)This factory _ for twenty years.,How long,died,has been open,has been dead,4、Miss Gao left an hour ago.(同义句转换)Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour.5、Her mother has been a Party member for three years.（同义句）Her mother _ the Party three years _.,has been away for,joined,ago,句型转换1.I have finished
14、my homework.I _ _ my homework.(改为否定句)_ you _ your homework?(改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)Yes，_ _.答案：1.havent finished Have；finished；I have,2.His dream has come true.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)-_ his dream _ true?-No，_ _.答案：2.Has；come；it hasnt,中考链接,(2010.河北省卷,41.1)My brother left school in 2005,and since then he in Beijing.A.l
15、ives B.lived C.will live D.has lived(2010湖北省黄冈市，35，1)-I joined the League _ May,2008.What about you?-Ive been a League member _ three years.A.in;for B.on;in C.on;forD.in;since,D,A,（2011四川资阳）27.So far this year,many new houses _ in Wenchuan with the help of the government.A.build B.are built C.will build D.have been built答案：D【解析】考查动词的时态。句中有So far“到目前为止”，使用现在完成时态，故选D。,
