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1、Fengyana,初中英语定语从句复习,that 的先行词可以是人也可以是物。如：A plane is a machine that can fly 这里先行词是 machine 而 that 是关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。这句译为：飞机是一种会飞的机器。又如：I like the book(that)you lent me yesterday 这里先行词是 book，关系代词用 that，它在定语从句中作 lend(借)的宾语。要注意的是关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，即：I like the book you lent me yesterdaywhich 关系代词的先行词只能是物。
2、它在定语从句中作主语或宾语，如：The book shop is a shop which sells books 这里 shop 是先行词，which 在从句中作主语。又如：The book(which)I read last night was wonderful 这里主句是 The book was wonderful 而定语从句是修饰主句的主语 book，即我昨晚读的那本书，which 在定语从句中作 read 的宾语，可以省略。,who，whom，whose,who 在定语从句中作主语，whom 是 who 的宾格，在定语从句中作宾语，而 whose 则是形容词性物主代词，在从句中作
3、定语，如：The man who visited our school yesterday is an American friend昨天参观我们学校的人是一位美国朋友。Who 在定语从句中作主语。又如：Whos that woman(whom)you just talked to?你刚才与之谈话的那个女人是谁?而 whom 作定语从句中介词 to 的宾语，可以省略，而在现代英语中，句首的 whom 也常常可用 who代替。This is our classmate，Mary，whose home is not far from our school 这是我们的同学玛丽，她的家离我们学校不远。
4、为了便于理解，我们来看看是如何将两句话并为一句话的。,I saw the man.He closed the door I saw the man who(that)closed the door2 The girl is happy She won the race The girl who won the race is happy3The students are from China They sit in the front rowThe students who sit in the front row are from China(要注意的是先行词是 students 则 who
5、 的数也应看作复数。)4 We are studying sentences They contain adjective clauseWe are studying sentences that(which)contain adjective clause5 The taxi driver was friendly He took me to the airportThe taxi driver who took me to the airport was friendly,6 The book was good I read itThe book that I read was goodT
6、he book I read was good7 The people were very nice We visited them yesterdayThe people we visited yesterday were very nice8 The man called the police His wallet was stolenThe man whose wallet was stolen called the police9 I come from a country Its history goes back thousands of yearsI come from a co
7、untry whose history goes back thousands of years10 I have to call the man I picked up his umbrella after the meeting,I have to call the man whose umbrella I picked up after the meeting关系代词 whom，which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面，如：That was the ro
8、om in which we had lived for ten years 或可以写作：That was the room which we had lived in for ten yearsHe was the man whom(who)you were looking for 要注意的是此句的关系代词 whom 可以用主格取代，而 look for 是短语动词也不可将 for 放于定语从句之前。that 作关系代词作介词宾语时，不能紧跟介词，而只能将介词置于定语从句的后面。,如：The man that we were talking about has come to our sch
9、ool 这时不可用 about that 请看下面例句：1 The meeting was interesting I went to itThe meeting that I went to was interesting 2 The man was very kindI talked to him yesterdayThe man who I talked to yesterday was very kind3 I must thank the people I got a present from himI must thank the people who I got a presen
10、t from,4 The picture was beautiful She was looking at itThe picture that(which)she was looking at was beautiful5 The man is standing over there I told you about himThe man who I told you about is standing over there除关系代词外，还有关系副词，when，where，why，其中 when用来指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。如：I never forget the day when I
11、 first came to the Great Wall 而 where 则指地点，如：This is the house where the old man lives 请看下面例句：,1 The city was beautifulWe spent our vacation thereThe city where we spent our vacation was beautiful2 That is the restaurant I will meet you thereThat is the restaurant where I will meet you3 The town is
12、small I grew up thereThe town where I grew up is small4 That is the drawer I keep my newpapers thereThat is the drawer where I keep my newspapers5 Monday is the day We will come thenMonday is the day When we will came,6 is the time My plane arrives then is the time when my plane arrives7 is the year
13、 The revolution took place then is the year when the revolution took place8 July is the month The weather is usually the hottest thenJuly is the month when the weather is usually the hottest在定语从句中又可分为两大类定语从句，即限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉的话，主句的意思就不完整，意义就表述不明。这种句型一般定语从句紧接先行词，如：I was th
14、e only person in my office who was invited,非限制性定语从句。它与主句的关系不十分密切，只是对其附加说明，也就是讲即便去掉定语从句，句意也不受影响，仍然清晰明了。这样的定语从句要在它和主句之间加一逗号分开。且关系代词不引导这种非限制性定语从句，如：Abraham Lincoln，who led the United States through these years，was shot on April，at a theatre in washington 又如：Galileo lived in the city of Pisa，where there is a leaning tower about 180 feet high,再见,
