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1、,你、我、他 每个人.每天.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,一般患者.,ICU患者.,口腔护理,口腔护理,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,方法一样吗.?,达到效果一样吗.?,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,方法一样吗.?,达到
2、效果一样吗.?,你懂得.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,皮肤护理气道护理口腔护理毛发护理眼部护理肠内营养护理胃肠功能护理个人卫生护理.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,皮肤护理气道护理口腔护理毛发护理眼部护理肠内营养护理胃肠功能护理个人卫生护理.,护士心中重要性,排序,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu
3、Medical College in intensive medicine,中华内科杂志2013年6月第52卷第6期,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,AJCC AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE,March 2010,Volume 19,No.2,显示：50%的护士认为每2小时一次口腔护理，42%的护士认为每4小时一次口腔护理,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College i
4、n intensive medicine,有报道：应用0.2%的氯己定葡萄酸糖溶液和安慰剂进行的前瞻性多中心双盲试验，每天3次应用，开始时没有统计学差异，第10天时，0.2%氯己定葡萄酸糖溶液组牙周致病菌29%，而对照组达66%（P0.05）。,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,生理盐水稀释碘伏溶液稀释碳酸氢钠氯己定漱口液.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medici
5、ne,生理盐水稀释碘伏溶液稀释碳酸氢钠氯己定漱口液.,q12hq8hq6hq4hq2h,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,生理盐水稀释碘伏溶液稀释碳酸氢钠氯己定漱口液.,q12hq8hq6hq4hq2h,刷、冲、洗、冲洗、冲刷.,牙刷、棉球、纱布块.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,有研究显示：检查口腔卫生是应用呼吸机病人预防VAP发生的一种主要方法,
6、The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,研究显示：随着正规合格的口腔护理，VAP发生率在降低,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,ICU护士：口腔卫生评估？护理效果评价？口腔护理再培训？口腔护理执行管理？,如何选择.？,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive med
7、icine,ICU护士：口腔卫生评估？护理效果评价？口腔护理再培训？口腔护理执行管理？,如何选择.？,思考,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,背景：很多创伤患者入住ICU，通常需要机械通气，经口气管插管使口腔气道的天然防御机制受损，此类病人VAP发生几率比较高。证据显示：多关注机械通气患者口腔卫生非常有助于预防VAP发生。,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicin
8、e,目的：通过研究来评价ICU护士对于机械通气患者口腔护理的观点以及执行情况,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,53名,学历,ICU工作时间,雇佣形式,53名护士基本情况,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,每班次口腔评估次数，每班次每患者口腔护理次数，是否按规定的时间、规定的方法进行口腔护理（专用口腔护理表格）,The First Affiliated
9、Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,机械通气患者提出护理频次,每班次检查口腔的次数,每班次每患者口腔护理的次数,应用专用口腔护理表格,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,关于列出的十个日常护理规程，每个护理规程进行1至10分打分，分值越高者就是优先倾向于做的护理规程,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensiv
10、e medicine,10项日常护理规程得分平均值和标准差,气管管理,口腔护理,皮肤护理,营养护理,导管维护,个人卫生,眼部护理,预防机体超负荷,记录单书写,肠道功能护理,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,列举12种口腔护理材料和工具，并且对每种材料和工具1至100分打分，得分高者说明口腔护理时使用的频次越高,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,12种口腔
11、护理材料和工具使用频次,纱布块,氯己定,生理盐水,口腔冲洗,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,列出口腔护理的10种障碍原因，然后对其1至10分打分，分值越高者口腔护理障碍原因越常见,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,护士进行口腔护理障碍原因,人员不足,时间缺乏,担负书写任务,害怕感染转移,缺乏设备,气管插管存在,不重要,缺乏知识和能力,害怕吸引,不愉快,
12、和我没关系,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,53名,学历,ICU工作时间,雇佣形式,53名护士基本情况,理学士,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,机械通气患者提出护理频次,每班次检查口腔的次数,每班次每患者口腔护理的次数,应用专用口腔护理表格,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
13、 in intensive medicine,10项日常护理规程得分平均值和标准差,气管管理,口腔护理,皮肤护理,营养护理,导管维护,个人卫生,眼部护理,预防机体超负荷,记录单书写,肠道功能护理,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,12种口腔护理材料和工具使用频次,纱布块,氯己定,生理盐水,口腔冲洗,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,护士进行口腔护理障碍原
14、因,人员不足,时间缺乏,担负书写任务,害怕感染转移,缺乏设备,气管插管存在,不重要,缺乏知识和能力,害怕吸引,不愉快,和我没关系,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,口腔护理虽说排名第二，但其分值和其他皮肤护理，导管维护，营养护理，个人卫生分值差不多，并且远远落后于气道管理,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,结果显示很有必要为护士开设口腔护理再培训课程,T
15、he First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,47%的护士认为口腔护理不是非常重要,Grap MJ,Munro CL,Ashtiani B,Bryant S.Oral care interventions in critical care:frequency and documentation.Am J Crit Care.2003;12(2):1138.discussion 119.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical Col
16、lege in intensive medicine,有必要进行护士口腔护理再培训以及在预防呼吸道感染中担当一定的角色,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,这篇研究中85%的参与者培训过应用机械通气患者口腔护理而另外一篇报道70%的护士没有培训过应用机械通气患者口腔护理,Adib-Hajbaghery M,Ansari A,Azizi-Fini I.Intensive care nurses opinions and practice for oral care of mec
17、hanically ventilated patients.Indian J Crit Care Med.2013;17(1):237.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,又有研究报道：在英国，62%的护士说在这个领域内接受过培训,Jones H,Newton JT,Bower EJ.A survey of the oral care practices of intensive care nurses.Intensive Crit Care Nurs.2004;20(2)
18、:6976.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,另外在一篇研究：在欧洲的ICU显示，77%的ICU护士接受过相关的培训,Rello J,Koulenti D,Blot S,Sierra R,Diaz E,De Waele JJ,et al.Oral care practices in intensive care units:a survey of 59 European ICUs.Intensive Care Med.2007;33(6):106670.,The Firs
19、t Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,在这篇研究中，尽管大多数护士都接受过此类口腔护理培训，但是在口腔护理方面并没有给出高的优先分数,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,此研究提到：缺乏时间和人员不足是忽视机械通气患者口腔护理的最主要因素,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive
20、medicine,另外研究发现：担负书写任务以及时间、人员不足是ICU口腔护理的最大障碍,Adib-Hajbaghery M,Ansari A,Azizi-Fini I.Intensive care nurses opinions and practice for oral care of mechanically ventilated patients.Indian J Crit Care Med.2013;17(1):237.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,又有研究
21、发现：在欧洲59个ICU调查显示，三分之一的护士认为口腔护理令人不愉快，三分之二的护士认为口腔护理很难去执行,Rello J,Koulenti D,Blot S,Sierra R,Diaz E,De Waele JJ,et al.Oral care practices in intensive care units:a survey of 59 European ICUs.Intensive Care Med.2007;33(6):106670,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medici
22、ne,本文调查：口腔冲洗是最常用的方法用于口腔护理,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,另外一篇研究不一致：强调牙刷刷洗最有助于清除口腔的菌斑和微生物对于ICU患者,Pedreira ML,Kusahara DM,de Carvalho WB,Nunez SC,Peter-lini MA.Oral care interventions and oropharyngeal coloniza-tion in children receiving mechanical ventil
23、ation.Am J Crit Care.2009;18(4):31928.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,有研究显示：用氯己定口腔冲洗比牙刷刷洗更能减少VAP。,Munro CL,Grap MJ,Jones DJ,McClish DK,Sessler CN.Chlorhexi-dine,toothbrushing,and preventing ventilator-associated pneu-monia in critically ill adults.Am J
24、Crit Care.2009;18(5):42837.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,又有研究显示：机械刷洗远比棉球擦洗和氯己定冲洗效果好。,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,开设再培训课程强调口腔护理重要性，口腔护理真实执行情况。对于机械通气患者口腔护理，执行情况管理可以进一步研究。,The First Affiliated Hospital of
25、 Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,ICU护士：口腔卫生评估？护理效果评价？口腔护理再培训？口腔护理执行管理？,如何选择.？,思考,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,ICU护士：口腔卫生评估？护理效果评价？口腔护理再培训？口腔护理执行管理？,如何选择.？,思考,答案,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,ICU护士口腔护理再培训口腔护理重要性VAP所起的作用再认识机械通气患者口腔护理方法选择口腔卫生评估口腔护理效果评价口腔护理执行管理再研究,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,将来的不久.会有新的认识.有新的选择.他们的口腔更健康.如同你我.,谢谢大家蚌医一附院,The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in intensive medicine,
