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1、M5 U2 Grammar,现在分词,(not)doing,(not)having done,(not)being done,(not)having been done,现在分词的基本形式,所有否定式都是在_前面加not,现在分词,Self-study,二、分析下列句中现在分词的用法1.The man talking to the teacher is our monitors father.（）2.The film is exciting.（）3.I hear her singing the song in the next room.（）4.Seeing the photo,I cried
2、.（）现在分词在句子中可以充当_ _ _ _,定语,表语,宾语补足语,状语,定语,表语,状语,宾语补足语,一、现在分词做定语,1.现在分词作定语，当单个的分词作定语时，放在所修饰的名词_面，作前置定语；如果是分词短语作定语时，放在名词的_面，作后置定语。翻译：一个正在睡觉的婴儿_ 一个正在发展的国家_(又译为“一个发展中国家”）正在沸腾的水_ 正在飘落的叶子_,前,a sleeping baby,后,a developing country,boiling water,falling leaves,把下列句子补充完整：,1._is my brother.（那个正坐在树下的男孩）2.I know
3、_（那个正在教室里唱歌的女孩）,The boy sitting under the tree,the girl singing in the classroom.,2.现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能。e.g.*a running boy=a boy _ _running*a developing country=a country _ _developing*Do you know the man sitting next to the professor?=Do you know the man _ _sitting next to the professor?,which,wh
4、o,is,who,is,is,3.V-ing 用作形容词译为 令人.，可以在句中充当_常见词：moving,interesting,exciting,surprising,puzzling,inspiring,frightening,astonishing,embarrassing,disappointing,shocking,relaxing,tiring等，此时ing常修饰_翻译：1.这是一个有趣的故事。_2.这是一部非常感人的电影。_,定语,事物,This is an interesting story.,This is a moving film.,二、现在分词作表语,现在分词作表语，
5、此时作表语的现在分词已经形容词化。作表语的现在分词常见的有moving,interesting,exciting,surprising,puzzling,inspiring,frightening,astonishing,embarrassing,disappointing,shocking,relaxing,tiring等，此时主语一般都是指_。翻译：1.这本书真有趣。_2.这个消息真令人兴奋。_,事物,This book is interesting。,This news is exciting.,三、现在分词作宾语宾语补足语,（1）用于表示感官和心理状态的动词后作宾补：see,hear,
6、notice,watch,feel,smell,look at,listen to,observe,find,catch 1.I heard someone_（正在隔壁房间唱歌）.2.I saw him_（正在操场打篮球）.3.I found the boy_（正在男厕所抽烟）.4.I caught the girl _（正在考试当中作弊）.,singing in the next room,playing basketball on the playground,smoking in the boys washroom.,cheating in the exam.,（2）用于使役动词后作宾补
7、：have,get,keep,leave 1.那老板让工人整夜地工作。The boss _ the whole night.(have)2.对不起，已经让你等了这么久。Im sorry to_.(keep),had the workers working all night.,have kept you waiting for so long.,（3）作宾补的现在分词还可以用moving,interesting,exciting,surprising,puzzling,inspiring,frightening,astonishing,embarrassing,disappointingsho
8、cking,relaxing,tiring等，此时宾语一般都是指_。翻译：我发现这部电影很感人。_,事物,I find this film moving.,四、现在分词作状语：,现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语相同。,（1）作伴随状语，常位于句末，用逗号与主句隔开,相当于一个并列结构。We sat there,talking to each other.(=We sat there_ talked to each other.)翻译：_,and,我们坐在那里，互相聊天。,（2）作时间状语一般置于句首。相当于时间状语从句。1.Seeing the big snake,the girl
9、 was almost frightened to death.=_ _ _ the big snake,the girl was almost frightened to death.2.Having waited in the line for half an hour,he suddenly realized that he left his wallet at home.=_ _ _ in the line for half an hour,he suddenly realized that he left his wallet at home.,When,she,waited,Aft
10、er,he,saw,翻译：看到这些照片，她想起了（think of）她的童年。_在完成作业之后，他们回家了。_备注：有时表示时间的分词短语可由连接词when,while,whenever等引出.Be careful_（当穿过马路的时候）.,Seeing the photos,she thought of her childhood.,Having finished their homework,they went home.,when crossing the road.,（3）作原因状语一般置于句首。相当于原因状语从句。1.Being a student,I must work hard.=
11、_ _ _ a student,I must work hard.2.Not knowing what to do next,he turned to the teacher for help.=_ _ _ _ what to do next,he turned to the teacher for help.翻译：因为太生气了，他不能入睡。_因为他已经去过长城许多次，上周他就没去。_,he didnt go last week.,Because,I,am,Because,he,didnt,know,Being too angry,he couldnt go to sleep.,Having
12、been to the Great Wall several times,（4）作条件状语一般置于句首。相当于条件状语从句。Working hard,you will succeed one day=_ _ _ _,you will succeed one day.翻译：如果你起床早，你就可赶上第一班公交车。_,If,you,work,hard,Getting up early,you will catch the first bus.,If you get up early,you will catch the first bus.,Get up early,and you will cat
13、ch the first bus.,（5）作结果状语，常位于句末，用逗号与主句隔开,相当于一个并列结构。His father died,leaving him a lot of money.=His father died and left him a lot of money.)翻译：他的父母亲死了，留下他一个孤儿（orphan）_2008年汶川发生了一次地震，死了很多人。_,His parents died,leaving him an orphan.,An earthquake happened in Wenchuan in 2008,killing many people.,他在教室抽
14、烟，使得（make）老师非常生气。On average,there are 800 traffic accidents in the US each year,_（造成了）about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.,He smoked in the classroom,making the teacher very angry.,He smoked in the classroom,which made the teacher very angry.,causing,五、独立成分作状语,有些分词作状语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有：gener
15、ally speaking,frankly speaking,judging by/from,considering,supposing等。翻译：一般说来，女孩子更细心。_根据他的口音判断，他来自南方。_,Generally speaking，girls are more careful.,Judging from his accent,he comes from the south,Quiz,part AHaving reading 状语shocking 表语Relaxing 宾语补足语tiring 宾语补足语interesting 定语living 定语,part Bexcitingwalkingfallingfollowingmovingkeeping,homeworkP31,
