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1、Mainly Revision,Object Clauses,宾语从句,一教学任务 复习宾语从句 二教学重点 1.宾语从句的概念 2.宾语从句的引导词 3.宾语从句中的语序 4.宾语从句的时态变化 5.直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,教学难点 1.if与whether的区别 2.when与if 引导的宾语从句和状语从句 3.宾语从句与简单句的互换,We know him,We know he likes English.,主s,主s,谓v,谓v,宾o,宾o,宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语,简单句,复合句,一 什么 是宾语从句？,试比较,Do you know who is the
2、first Chinese astronaut(宇航员)?Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.Please tell me where she has gone.I dont know if he will come tonight.Lets find out whats on tonight.,Find out the Object Clauses,We are proud of that Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world.,2.由连接代词 Who,wh
3、om,whose,which,what和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句。这些连词既有词义又充当句子成份。,e.g.1)Do you know whose book it is?（谁的，作定语）2)Could you tell me why the train is late?（为什么，作状语）3)He asked who could answer the question.（谁，作主语）,注：that 在句中无词义，在从句中不能充当句子成分，在口语中往往被省略。,e.g.I hear(that)he will be back in an hour.,1.由从属连词
4、that引导的宾语从句,二.宾语从句的引导词,3.由从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从句,e.g.I want to know if/whether she is right.They didnt know whether Tom could come back or not.,if/whether 引导宾语从句 表示“是否”之义，在句中不充当句子成份。if/whether可互换,但whetheror not为固定搭配.,看一看：I dont know if it will rain tomorrow.If it rains,Ill stay at home.I want to kn
5、ow when he will come back.When he comes back,please tell me.想一想：when和if 可以引导什么从句？它们的时态有什么特点？,when和if 既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句。在宾语从句中，时态根据需要确定；在状语从句中，遵循主将从现的原则。,If 与whether 的区别,I dont know _ he will come or not.I dont care of _ he is handsome.He wondered _ to stay here the next week._ he will come is not
6、decided.,与or not 连用只能用whether,介词后只能用whether,与to do 不定式连用只能用whether,作主语只能用whether,Helen says that she will learn French next year.Do you know where he comes from?He asked me if I could get to the bus station on time.,三.宾语从句的语序,无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。,改一改,将下列问句变成陈述句。1.Can he swi
7、m?swim.2.Does he have a pen?a pen.3.Which place did he go to?Which place.4.Whats wrong with you?.5.What happened to you?.6.Which is the way to the station?.想一想 为什么4，5，6 语序不变？,He can,He has,he went to,What happened to you,Whats wrong with you,说一说将上面的句子置于一个主句后，变成一个宾语从句。,Which is the way to the station
8、,Can you tell me/I want to know/I wonder/Please tell me?e.g.Can you tell me if/whether he can swim?,四.宾语从句中时态的变化,填一填,was,is,will cook,is singing,has been,was playing,had learned,1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）,2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）,1)He will go
9、 to Hong Kong.2)He is sick.3)He is reading a book.4)He has finished his work.,1)He to Hong Kong.,2)He sick.3)He a book.4)He,辨一辨,would go,was,was reading,his work.,had finished,确定从句的时态(根据主句时态),主句时态,从 句 时 态,连 接 前,连 接 后,一般现在时,时态保持不变,一般过去时,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,3.当宾
10、语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）,He told me(that),Summer is after Spring.,I was told(that),the sun is much bigger than the moon.,My parents told me(that),no news is good news.,比一比,比一比 I dont know where I should go.Tell me how I can do it.I dont know where to go.Tell me how to
11、 do it.你有什么发现？结论：由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 疑问词+to do 的简单句。条件：(1).主主从主(2).主(间)宾从主练一练1.I dont know what I shall do next.(变为简单句）I dont know next.2.John didnt decide which book he would buy.(变为简单句）John didnt decide.3.Can you tell me how to get to the bus stop?(变为复合句）Can you tell me the bus stop?4.Please tell Lu
12、cy how to use the MP5.(变为复合句）Can you tellLucy the MP5.,五.宾语从句与简单句的转换,What to do,which book to buy,how I can get to,how she can use,.Find out the mistakes and correct them.1 Could you tell me where do they live?2 She knew that Danny is a student.3 He told me that winter was colder than autumn.4 Do yo
13、u know who car it is?,was,is,whose,六.课堂检测,Could you tell me?A.where the twins wereB.where the twins are C where are the twins A:Do you know?B:Yes,he came here by train.A.when he came hereB.if he will come here C.why he came here D.how he came here3.She says she English for ten years.A.learned B.has
14、learned C.was learning D.have learned4.The teacher told us that the earth round.A.was B.is C.will be D.would be 5.Tell me.A.what wrong is with him B.whats wrong to him C.what the matter is with him D.whats the matter with him6.My friend asked me.A.who is the girl B.who the girl wasC.who was the girl
15、 D.who the girl,.Choose the right answers.,B,D,B,B,D,B,宾语从句三要素,that（陈述句）,ifwhether（一般疑问句）,特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句),主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态,语序,宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序,客观真理 自然现象公式定理 名言警句 时态不变,七.本课小结,不同引导词引导的宾语从句,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which，what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句,由从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从句,由从属连词that引导的
16、宾语从句,注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略,e.g.I hear(that)_.（一小时后他会回来）He said(that)_.（他非常想念我们）The teacher told us(that)_.（地球围着太阳转）,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,the earth moves around the sun,由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接副词 when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句,由从属连词whether,if 引导的宾语从句,e
17、.g.1.I want to know _.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2.Ask him _.（他是否能来）3.I dont know _.（是否要下雨）,if(whether)he will go to the park with us,whether(if)he can come,whether it is going to rain or not,当句末为or not时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,陈述句变为引导的宾语从句,e.g.1.He said,“You are younger than I”.2.He says,“Tom is a
18、 good student”.,He said that I was younger than him.,He says that Tom is a good student.,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,一般疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句,e.g.She said,“Do you often come here to read newspaper?”“Will they go to visit the Great Wall?”he asked.,She asked if(whether)I often came here to read newspaper.,He a
19、sked if(whether)they would go visit the Great Wall.,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,特殊疑问句变为who,what,when等引导的宾语从句,e.g.1.He asked,“Where do you live?”2.“How can we get to the post-office?”he asked.,He asked where I lived.,He asked how they could get to the post-office.,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,1、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语 从句
20、的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。2、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语 动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容 为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。e.g.The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun.,注 意：,will be,goes,were playing,has returned,had been,travels,are talking,were,were doing,The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)The headmaster hopes everythin
21、g _ well.(go)Tom says that they _(play)basketball at six oclock yesterday evening.I hear they _(return)it already.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948.(be)He asked what they _ at eight last night.(do)The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound.(travel)I think you _ about
22、 the relay race now.(talk)I didnt know whom the letters _ from.(be),10.I didnt know what time he _ the letter.(write)11.Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move)round the earth.12.Could you tell me who _ away the book already?(take)13.Ling Feng told me he _ to several times.(be)14.Our teacher told us
23、 in class the sun _ in the east.(rise)15.Can you tell me what they _ yesterday?(do),wrote,moves,has taken,has been,rises,did,将下列句子合并为一句:1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.2.What will you speak at the meeting?Could you tell me?3.Do they like to make friends with us?He asked.4.“I am doing my home
24、work.”He said.5.“I will come back.”Tom said.6.“Is he doing his homework?”Jim asked.,I asked where they stopped on the way.,Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?,He asked if they liked to make friends with them.,He said that he was doing his homework.,Tom said that he would come back.
25、,Jim asked if he was doing his homework.,7.“When will he come back?”Tom asked.8.“How can I get to the station?”Could you tell me?9.“Why is the train late?”Would you tell me?10.“Where is Tom?”They asked.,Tom asked when he would come back.,Could you tell me how I can get to the station?,Would you tell me why the train is late?,They asked where Tom was.,Thanks,
