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1、,形容词副词,比较级最高级,A 比较级和最高级的构成 一.规则变化,1.一般在词尾直接加er或est,例如,tall-taller-tallest。2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st,例如,nice-nicer-nicest3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词,把y变为i,再加er或est,例如,heavy-heavier-heaviest4.重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est,例如,big-bigger-biggest5.多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级,例如,beautiful-more beautiful-most be
2、autiful,A 比较级和最高级的构成 一.规则变化,注意:1.部分双音节词,通常是以ful,ed,ly,less等结尾的双音节词在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级,例如,slowly-more slowly-most slowly;careful-more careful careful-most careful;useless-more useless useless-most useless;tired-more tired tired-most tired 2.下列个别词的比较级和最高级构成也是在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级,例如,like(相似的),
3、real,often等。,A 比较级和最高级的构成 二.不规则变化,B 等级的用法一.原级的用法,1.形容词原级常用的句型结构:A.肯定式:(1)A+be+as+形容词原级+as+B 表示:A和B程度相同例如:This room is as big as that one.(2)A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B 表示:A是B的几倍 例如:This room is twice as big as that one.B 否定式:(1)A+be+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B 表示:A不和B程度相同,含义是A不如B例如:This room is not as/so big as
4、that one.,注意:1.只能修饰原级的词:very,quite,so,too 例如:He is too tired to walk on.2.当as as 中间有名词时采用以下格式:as+形容词+a+单数名词 或者:as+many/much+名词。例如:This is as good an example as the other is.这个例子和另外一个一样好。I can carry as much paper as you can.你能搬多少纸,我也能。,B 等级的用法一.原级的用法,2.副词原级常用的句型结构:A.肯定式:(1)A+实意动词+as+副词原级+as+B 表示:A和B程
5、度相同 例如:Linda runs as fast as Kate.(2)A+实意动词+倍数+as+副词原级+as+B 表示:A是B的几倍 例如:Linda runs twice as fast as Kate.B 否定式:(1)A+助动词+not+动词原形+as/so+副词原级+as+B 表示A不和B程度相同,含义是A不如B例如,Linda doesnt run as/so fast as Kate.,B 等级的用法一.原级的用法,B 等级的用法二.比较级的用法,肯定式:A.形容词比较级常用的句型结构 1.“A+be+形容词比较级+than+B”表示“A比B”例如:Tom is taller
6、 than Kate.汤姆比凯特高。2.“A+be+倍数+形容词比较级+than+B”表示“A比B几倍”例如:This room is three times bigger than that one.这个房间比那个大三倍。,3.“A+be+形容词比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+范围)”表示“A比同一范围的任何一个人/物都”,含义是“甲最”。例如,The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.=The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers
7、in China.长江比中国的任何一条其他的河都长。=The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China.长江比中国的其他所有的河都长。,B 等级的用法二.比较级的用法,4.A+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two+表示“A是两者中较的”。例如:Look at the two boys.My brother is the taller of the two.看那两个男孩,我弟弟是两个当中较高的那个。5.特殊疑问词+be+形容词比较级,AorB?”例如:Which is bigger,the earth or the
8、moon?哪一个大,地球还是月球?,B 等级的用法二.比较级的用法,B 等级的用法二.比较级的用法,B.副词比较级常用的句型结构 1.A+实意动词+副词比较级+than+B 表示“A比B”例如:I got up earlier than my mother this morning.我今天早晨起床比我妈妈还早。2.A+实意动词+倍数+副词比较级+than+B 表示“A比B几倍”例如:He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。,B 等级的用法二.比较级的用法,3.A+实意动词+副词比较级+than+anyother+单数名词
9、(+范围)表示“A比同一范围的任何一个人/物都”,含义是“A最”。例如:Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.=Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class.迈克比他们班上任何一个其他的同学到校都早。=Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class.迈克比他们班上其他的同学到校都早。,B 等级的用法二.比较级的用法,4.“特殊疑
10、问词+实意动词+副词比较级,AorB?”例如:Who draws better,Jenny or Danny?谁画得比较好,詹妮还是丹尼?否定式:less+形容词/副词原级例如:This problem is less difficult than that one.这道题没有那道题难。,B 等级的用法二.比较级的用法,特殊句型:1.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”。例如:He does his homework more and more carefully.他做作业越来越认真了。2.“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越,越”。例如:The more careful you a
11、re,the fewer mistakes youll make.你越认真,犯的错误越少,B 等级的用法二.比较级的用法,注意:可以修饰比较级的词:much,a lot,far,a great deal的多,a little,a bit,一点儿,even甚至,still仍然,rather 相当,any任何,no 不,等。例如:Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一课比第二课容易得多。Tom looks even younger than before.汤姆甚至比以前更年轻。This train runs much faster than tha
12、t one.这辆火车比那辆跑地快。She drives still more carefully than her husband.她开车仍然比她丈夫还认真。,B 等级的用法三.最高级的用法,A.形容词最高级常用句型结构1.“主语+be+the+形容词最高级(+单数名词)+in/of短语”表示“是中最的”。例如:Tom is the tallest in his class/of all the students.汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中最高的。2“主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“是中最之一”。例如:Beijing is one of the
13、 largest cities in China.北京是中国最大城市之一。3“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+A,B,orC?”例如:Which country is the largest,China,Brazil or Canada?哪一个国家最大,中国,巴西还是加拿大?,B 等级的用法三.最高级的用法,3“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+A,B,orC?”例如:Which country is the largest,China,Brazil or Canada?哪一个国家最大,中国,巴西还是加拿大?4.主语+be+the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+范围 例如:China is th
14、e third largest country in the world.中国式世界上第三大国。,B 等级的用法三.最高级的用法,B.副词最高级常用句型结构1.“主语+实意动词+(the)+副词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语”表示“是中最的”。例如:I jump(the)farthest in my class.我是我们班跳得最远的。2.“特殊疑问词+be+the+副词最高级+A,B,orC?”用于三者以上的比较例如:Which season do you like(the)best,spring,summer or autumn?你最喜欢哪一个季节,春天,夏天还是秋天?,C 等级之间的相互
15、转换,1.A+be+the+形容词最高级+范围=A+be+形容词比较级+than any other+可数名词单数+范围例如,The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.=The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.长江比中国的任何一条其他的河都长。=The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.长江是中国最长的河流。注意:The Yangtze Riveris longer than
16、any river in Japan.长江比日本的任何一条河都长。,C 等级之间的相互转换,2.A+实意动词+(the)+副词最高级+范围=.“A+实意动词+副词比较级+than+anyother+单数名词(+范围)”例如,Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.=Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class.迈克比他们班上任何一个其他的同学到校都早。=Mike gets to school earliest
17、in his class.迈克在他们班到校最早。注意:Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Toms class.迈克比汤姆班上任何一个学生到校都早。(迈克和汤姆不是同一个班),C 等级之间的相互转换,3.A+be+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B=A+be+less+形容词原级+than B=A+be+the same size/height/length.as B4.A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B=A+be+(倍数-1)+形容词比较级+thanB=A+be+倍数+the size/height/length.Of B,C 等级之间的相互转换,其他:Nothing is so easy as this.=Nothing is easier than this.=This is the easiest thing.,