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1、Direct Speech and Reported Speech,直接引语和间接引语,-By Li Hongtao,1.直接引语(Direct Speech)是指原封不动的引用原话，把它放在引号内。1)John said,“I want to have a rest.”2)She said,“I am hungry.”2.间接引语(Reported Speech)是指用自己的话把别人的话转述出来,不需要引号。1)John said he wanted to have a rest.2)She said she was hungry.,Direct Speech,Reported Speech
2、,一、引导词,二、人称,三、时态,四、语序,一、引导词 1.当直接引语是陈述句时，引导词为,1)He said,“You are younger than I”.2)He says,“Tom is a good student”.,He said _ I was younger than him.,He says _ Tom is a good student.,that,that,that,（）,（）,2.当直接引语是一般疑问句时，引导词为,1)She asked,“Do you often come here early?”2)“Will they go to visit the Grea
3、t Wall?”he asked.,She asked _ I often came here early.,He asked_ they would go visit the Great Wall.,if 或 whether,if/whether,if/whether,注意:当句中有or 或or not时，引导词只能用 whether而不能用if.whetheror 是还是 whetheror not 无论;是否,2)I dont know _it is going to rain or not.,The young man asked _ its summer or winter.,whe
4、ther,whether,3.当直接引语是特殊疑问句时，引导词 为,1)He asked,“Where do you live?”2)“How can we get to the post office?”he asked.,He asked _ I lived.,He asked_ they could get to the post office.,原特殊疑问词,where,how,陈 述 句,that,一般疑问句,if(whether),特殊疑问句,特殊疑问词,祈使句,肯定句,tell/ask sb.to do,否定句,tell/ask sb.not to do,例:He said to
5、 me,“Open the door,please!”He asked/told me to open the door.,二、人称,一主二宾三不变,1.Tom says,“Im from America.”Tom says(that)_ is from America,he,2.She asked me,“Where do you live?”She asked me where _ live.,I,3.Kate said,“They like reading.”Kate said(that)_ liked reading.,they,注意：人称的变化包括人称代词、物主代词 和反身代词等。,
6、1.如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的 时态则保持不变。,he will ask Jim a question.I am a good friend.He says(that)he isnt feeling well now.he came back last night.he has been here twice.,三、时态,2.如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引 语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态上 要做相应的变化。,He asked me who lived here.I said she was talking with her mother.He asked whethe
7、r his father would come back tomorrow.He said that he had seen it.,主句时态,从 句 时 态,直接引语,间接引语,一般现在时,时态保持不变,一般过去时,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,过去完成时,过去完成时,注意：当从句是客观真理、定义、公理、定理时，用一般现在时。,The teacher said that the earth _(go)around the sun.2.The teacher said the sun _(rise)fro
8、m the east and _(set)in the west.3.The teacher said light _(travel)faster than sound.,goes,rises,sets,travels,2.When will he go to the library?His brother asks when will he go to the library.,3.What does he want to buy?My mother asked me what does he want to buy.,he will go to,(),he wanted to,(),(),
9、1.Are they going to Canada in summer?Lucy asked me if/whether are they going toCanada in summer.,they are going to,四、语序,间接引语使用陈述语序,一、将下列直接引语变为间接引语。1.she says,“Ill see a film.”She says _ _ _ _ a film.2.“Did Peter come here yesterday?”Li Lei asked.Li Lei asked me _ Peter _ here yesterday.3.“Where does
10、 she live?”Mr.Hu asked.Mr.Hu asked_ _ _.4.She said,“Open the windows.”She asked me _ _ the windows.5.The teacher told us,“Dont play on the road.The teacher told us_ _ _ on the road.6.Our geography teacher said,“The earth goes around the sun.”Our geography teacher told us_ the earth _ around the sun.
11、,that she will see,if,came,where,she,lived,to,open,not,to,play,that,goes,7.“Where is Tom?”They asked.They asked _ _ _.8.“When will he come back?”Tom asked.Tom asked _ _ _ _ _.9.“Do they like to make friends with us?”He asked.He asked _ _ _ to make friends with _.10.“Can I borrow money from you?”She
12、asked me.She asked me _ _ _borrow money from _.11.“Mr.Smith have been in China for about three years.”Jim told Lin Tao.Jim told Lin Tao(that)Mr.Smith _ _ in China for about three years.,where Tom was,when he would come back,if they liked,them,if she could,me,had been,1.The young man asked _ its summ
13、er or winter.A.either B.that C.weather D.whether2.We dont know _ they did it.A.how B.who C.what D.which 3.The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time.A.that B.if C.when D.what time 4.Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not.A.if B.where C.whether D.that,D,A,B,C,二、选择。
14、,5.I wonder _ he is crying now.A.that B.why C.how D.when 6.Have you found out _ we can do on Hainan Island?A.what B.how C.if D.whether 7.Lily said _ she had finished her composition.A.if B.that C.when D.where 8.I dont know _ he still lives here.A.where B.what C.when D.whether,B,A,B,D,9.Could you sho
15、w me _?A.how can I get to the station B.where is the station C.how I could get to the station D.how I can reach the station10.Please tell me _.A.what does he like B.what he does like C.what he likes D.what he like11.My sister told him _.A.what day was it B.when the train arrived C.who she was waitin
16、g D.where did you live,C,B,D,1.-What _ he _(say)just now?I _(not can hear)him.-He _(say)that he _(plant)trees with his parents yesterday.,did,say,couldnt hear,said,planted,2.He said that his parents _(come)here tomorrow.3.He told me two weeks _(be)enough.4.The teacher told us that the sun _(be)bigge
17、r than the moon.,is,was,would come,三、用所给词的适当形式填空。,5.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)6.Tom says that they _(play)basketball at six oclock yesterday evening.7.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948.(be)8.He asked what they _ at eight last night.(do)9.The teacher told his class that light _(travel)faster than sound.10.He told me _(not do)that again.,will be,were playing,had been,travels,were doing,not to do,Good bye!,
