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1、名词性从句与写作训练表语从句与同位语从句,一、表语从句1在复合句中作主句的表语，位于主句系动词之后。2表语从句的引导词与主语从句相同，另外还有as if/as though(似乎，好像)及because等注意：引导表语从句表原因，只能用because，不可用as，since：This is because he loves arts.这是因为他热爱艺术,主句主语是reason时，表语从句引导词用that，不用because：The reason why he was late was that he missed the first bus.他迟到的原因是没赶上头班车。,1.The reaso
2、n _ Sun Haiping explained _ Liu Xiangs quitting the competition was _ Lius leg hurt badly.Awhy;to;that Bwhy;for;thatCthat;for;because Dthat;for;that答案：D,2The order is _ each of them should stay until they are well again3.The boy sounds _ he were a king.4.My doubt is _ he can do it better in such a s
3、hort time.(用恰当的连词填空）,that,as if,how,二、同位语从句1在句中作某一名词的同位语。一般位于该词(如news，fact，idea，suggestion，promise，information，order，hope，truth，question等)之后，说明其具体内容。I have no idea when he will be back.我不知道他什么时候回来。(when he will be back作名词idea的同位语),1.(2009南通调研)A warm thought suddenly came to me _ I might substitute t
4、he hero to buy some flowers for his mothers 60th birthday.A.if B.When C.That D.which解析：that引导的同位语从句用来说明a warm thought，由于谓语部分短小，形成了分隔式情况，that在从句中不充当句子成分。答案：C,2.(2009浙江)Is there any possibility _ you could pick me up at the airport?No problem.Awhen BthatCwhether Dwhat解析：句意：你到机场来接我行吗？没问题。that引导同位语从句，说明
5、possibility的内容。答案：B,3.(2009江西)The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.Awhat BwhichCthat Dthough解析：句意：近年来全球气候不断变暖，这一事实使得很多科学家感到担扰。本题考查同位语从句。该题同位语从句结构完整，故选连词that。答案：C,4.(2009四川)News came from the school office _ Wang Lin had been admitted to Bejing Un
6、iversity.Awhich BwhatCthat Dwhere解析：句意：学校办公室传出了王琳已经被北京大学录取的消息。这是一道考查同位语从句的题目，that引导的从句是news的同位语。答案：C,2同位语从句与定语从句的区别“that完整句子”具有同位性质，“that不完整句子”构成定语从句：that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。,The suggestion(that)he raised at the meeting is very good.(that引导定语
7、从句，作宾语，可以省略)The suggestion that the students(should)have plenty of exercise is very good.(that引导同位语从句，不能省略),1.(2009江西名校信息卷)The moment _ Leo will never forget is _ Mr.Green gave him a lot of valuable advice on how to improve his writing.A/;when B.that;thatCwhen;thatDwhen;where,解析：由第一空应用that引导定语从句，修饰先
8、行词the moment，且在定语从句中作forget的宾语，that可以省略；第二空选引导表语从句的连接词when，并在表语从句中作时间状语。故选A。,2.(2009晋江联考)The news came，as expected，_ my cousin was chosen to be a foreign aid doctor to go to Africa where people are suffering a lot from AIDS.Ait BthatCwhat Dwhich解析：as expected相当于as was expected，是插入成分。that引导的同位语从句修饰th
9、e news。答案：B,3suggestion，order，command，advice，demand等词的同位语从句和表语从句须用虚拟语气，谓语用“should动词原形”，其中should可以省略。,Sentence correction:1.He put forward the suggestion that they would discuss the problem before making a decision.,should,2.(2009陕西质检)Our suggestion is that the central bank _ the interest rate for a
10、second time.Anot raise Bdoesnt raiseCwont raise Dshant raise解析：主语suggestion后的同位语从句或表语从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用should动词原形，should可以省略，选A。,Exercises:1.Fill in the blanks with correct relatives:(1).My question is _we can keep the cold out of the small room in winter.(2).There is no need_you get up too early
11、 and stay up too late.(3).Word came_some people had been affected by the virus.(4).The reason why the government shows concern is _the affair will surely affect the area in a short term.,how,that,that,that,2.Sentence correction:(1).His parents try to do everything for him.Thats that they are mistake
12、n.(2).What I know about this competition is what it is held every two years.(3).After months of voyage，Columbus arrived in which later proved a new continent.(4).I still remember the story，believe it or not，which we got lost on a rainy night.(5).Tom didnt catch the bus.It was why he got up late.(6).
13、Their proposal that we must start doing it as soon as possible is worth considering.,where,that,what,that,because,should,3.Translation:(1).那个年轻人看起来好像正在考虑什么重要的事情。（as if表语从句）(2).在会上警察提出了大人陪同孩子的建议。(that同位语从句）(3).我们迟到的责任在他。(It was ones fault that)(4).他建议我们第二天早动身。(advise that)(5).在公共场所他很害羞，那就是他在会上保持沉默的原因
14、。(why表语从句)(6).有可能他们在比赛中会失利，但他们很平静。(that同位语从句),1.It looks as if the young man is thinking of something important.2.At the meeting the police put forward the suggestion that parents(should)accompany their children.3.It was his fault that we were late.4.He advised that we should set off early the next day.5.He is shy in public.Thats why he kept silent at the meeting.6.There are possibilities that they will lose the game,but they are calm.,Homework:Do the exercises on P61,
