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1、Lesson TwoHiroshima-the liveliest city in Japan,Objectives of TeachingTo comprehend the whole textTo lean and master the vocabulary and expressionsTo learn to paraphrase the difficult sentencesTo understand the structure of the textTo appreciate the style and rhetoric of the passage.,Important and d
2、ifficult pointsWhat is a narration?The understanding and comprehension of the contradiction between the sorrowful mentality of the author and the humorous language of the text.Some useful expressions such as to be preoccupied,to be oblivious,and etc,Background InformationNational Name:Nippon Geograp
3、hy:Four main islands:Honshuhnu:(本州),Hokkaido hkaidu(北海道),Kyushu kju:u:(九州),and Shikoku ikuku:(四国)Area:371,857 sq.km.Population:122,700,000(1988).Capital:Tokyo,Sept.1,1939 Hitler invaded Poland.France and Britain declared war on Gr.immediately,officially beginning World War IIJun.22,1941 Gr.invaded U
4、SSRDec.7,1941Pearl Harbour Sept.1943 Italy surrenderedMay.7,1945 Gr.surrendered unconditionally,Aug.6,1945the first A-bombexploded in HiroshimaAug.8,1945USSR declared waron Japan and occupied ManchuriaAug.9,1945 the dropping of the Second A-bomb on Nagasakins:ki长崎 Aug.14,1945Japan announcedits surre
5、nder,Atomic Bomb:The explosion produces great amounts of heat,a shock wave and intense radiation.The region of the explosion becomes radioactively contaminated and radioactive products may be deposited elsewhere as fallout放射尘;(核爆炸后的)沉降物;后果,余波.,At 8:15 a.m.on August 6,1945,by order of President Truma
6、n杜鲁门,the first Atomic bomb,nicknamed Little Boy was exploded over a point near the centre of Hiroshima,destroying almost everything with a radius of 830-1,450 meters.,The damage beyond this area was considerable,and over 71,000 people were killed instantly.Many more later died of injuries and the ef
7、fects of radiation.Casualties numbered nearly 130,000.,Survivors are still dying of leukaemialeukaemialju:ki:mi白血病,perniciouspns 很有害的;恶性的 anaemia anaemiani:mi:贫血,贫血症and other diseases induced by radiation.Almost 98%of the buildings were destroyed or severely damaged,The Japanese dedicated post-war H
8、iroshima to peace.A destroyed area named Peace City has been set aside as a memorial.A peace Park was built.A special hospital built here treats people suffering from exposure to radiation and conducts research into its effects.,Questions for the understanding of the text,What is the author?What doe
9、s he come to Hiroshima for?How did he get to Hiroshima?What was weighing heavily on his mind?Why did he call his trip to Hiroshima a far greater adventure?,5.How did the author get to the City Hall?6.What impression do you have about the cab driver?7.How did the author describe the city?why?8.Why di
10、d the usher heave a long almost musical sigh?What effect does this have on you?9.What is the general atmosphere of this part?,10.What do you imagine the mayor looked like?11.Why did he again sense the emotion that had crushed him at the station?12.Why was it difficult for him to ask why they were ga
11、thered at that specific place?13.Why did the Americans and Germans seem just as inhibited as he was?,14.What do you imagine the faces looked like each time the name of Hiroshima was repeated?15.Why do you think the author repeatedly reminds us of the serious appearances and the psychology of the Wes
12、terners?16.What do you think the author expected the mayor to say?,Writing Style,Narration:The telling of a story.A good narration/has a beginning,a middle and an end,In a narrative writing,the actions or the incidents,events are generally presented in order of their occurrence,following the natural
13、 time sequence of the happenings.It is called to be in Chronological order.But it can also start in the middle or at some other point in the action and move backward to the earlier happenings.This is called flashback,There are three basic components of a narration:a.Plot情节:the frame of the writing,w
14、hich consists of a series of events.There are usu.one or several climaxes,the highest point of the story,with suspensions,conflicts,to arouse the interest of the audience.After the climax is reached,the story quickly moves to a conclusion.,b.Character:the leading character is called the hero or prot
15、agonist/.c.Background:the time and place of the storyThe plot usually dominates narration.However,some narratives focus on character or theme or atmosphere.,Detailed Study of the Text,Hiroshima-the Liveliest”City in Japan,“Hiroshima!Everybody off!”That must be what the man in the Japanese stationmas
16、ters uniform shouted,as the fastest train in the world slipped to a stop in Hiroshima Station.I did not understand what he was saying.First of all,because he was shouting in Japanese.,slip:to move glidingly,smoothly,secretly or unnoticed,And secondly,because I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sa
17、d thoughts on my mind that had little to do with anything a Nippon railway official might say.The very act of stepping on this soil,in breathing this air of Hiroshima,was for me a far greater adventure than any trip or any reportorial assignment Id previously taken.Was I not at the scene of the crim
18、e?,lump:a mass of sth.solid without a special size or shapea lump of sugara hard swelling on the bodyShe was afraid when she felt a lump in her left breast,to have a lump in ones throat:to have a tight feeling in the throat because of strong emotion,such as sorrow,pity,gratitude,or excitement,etc.e.
19、g.All during her husbands funeral,she had a lump in her throat.Johns mother had a lump in her throat at his college graduation.,on my mind:troubling ones thoughts,causing anxiety,unhappiness.When you have sth.on your mind,you are completely preoccupied and obsessed.e.g.His failure weighs heavily on
20、his mind.He has got too much on his mind to worry about your problem.,cf:in ones mind:think about,think ofI think I know whats in your mind.Her mother was always in her mind.,on this soil:on this land,on this earth,ground(soil:an emotive word)e.g.When a person in exile comes back to his motherland,h
21、e kneels down to kiss the soil.Here it suggests the emotion of the author.He thinks his country is responsible for the A-bomb destruction.He is preoccupied(by sort of emotion).He has the feeling of atoning(making up for)for the crime.,adventure:a journey that is strange and exciting and often danger
22、ous.Sth.you do or a situation you become involved in,that is rather unusual,exciting and dangerous.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn,reportorial:of/about a reporter crime:an offence which is punishable by law,an immoral act,The Japanese crowd did not appear to have the
23、same preoccupations that I had.From the sidewalk outside the station,things seemed much the same as in other Japanese cities.Little girls and elderly ladies in kimonos/rubbed shoulders with teenagers and women in western dress.,preoccupy:to fill ones mind completely so that not enough attention is g
24、iven to other present matters.E.g.When he is preoccupied with his hobby,he has no idea of what is going on around him.I was too preoccupied to hear the bell.He had a preoccupied look on his face,as if sth.was troubling him.,preoccupation:extreme concern for sth.E.g.Reading is his main preoccupation.
25、Para:It seemed to me that the Japanese did not have the same extreme concern which is bothering me.I was totally absorbed in the consideration of the crime,but the Japanese did not appear to be so.,rub shoulders with:to meet and mix with(people)e.g.This is not the sort of club where the great rub sh
26、oulders with the humble.A person in my position rubs shoulders with all kinds of people.In our class,people of all trades(porter,carpenter,coppersmith,etc.)rubber shoulders with each other.,Serious looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them,and bobbed up and
27、down repeatedly in little bows/u/,as they exchanged the ritual formula of gratitude and respect:Tomo aligato gozayimas.Others were using little red telephones that hung on the facades fs:d of grocery stores and tobacco shops.,oblivious:be unaware of,not noticing,unconscious of,lacking mindful attent
28、ion.E.g.Their government is oblivious of the rights of the poor.I was so preoccupied with the book that I was oblivious of the surroundings.I was so preoccupied with the beautiful woman I met on the bus that I was oblivious of the pickpocket beside me/of what the conductress was yelling when the bus
29、 came to a stop.,bob:to move up and down quickly and repeatedly.E.g.The cork 软木 木栓 on the fishing line bobbed up and down on the water.rite:a ceremonial act with a fixed pattern,usu.for a religious purpose;form of behaviour with a fixed pattern.e.g.ceremonial/burial/marriage rites,formula:an express
30、ion which is often used in a particular situation,esp.one that has come to sound stupid and meaninglessThey exchanged the set of conventionally fixed pattern of daily greetings.facade:front or face of a building towards a street or open place,Hi!Hi!said the cab driver,whose door popped open at the v
31、ery sight of a traveler.Hi,or something that sounds very much like it,means yes.Can you take me to City Hall?He grinned at me in the rear-view mirror and repeated Hi!Hi!We set off at top speed through the narrow streets of Hiroshima.The tall buildings of the martyred city flashed by as we lurched fr
32、om side to side in response to the drivers sharp twists of the wheel.,grin:broad smile that shows the teeth.It intends to imply naive cheerfulnessrear-view mirror:a mirror(as in an automobile)that gives a view of the area behind the vehiclemartyr:person who is put to death or caused to suffer for hi
33、s beliefs Eternal life to the revolutionary martyrs!v.to put to death,cause to suffer,to torture out of cruelty,lurch颠簸着行进:to move with irregular sudden movements,to move unsteadily,clumsily,with heavy rolling and swaying back and forthin response to:as an answer toe.g.She opened the door in respons
34、e to the knock.,In response to your inquiries,we regret to inform you that we cannot help you in this matter.Twice I put the request to him but he said nothing in response.,twist:to wind a number of threads,etc.togethere.g.to make a rope by twisting threads to twist the hair to make it curlto turn,t
35、o change direction abruptlye.g.to twist the cap of a tube of tooth paste to twist the handle,Just as I was beginning to find the ride long,the taxi screeched to a halt,and the driver got out and went over to a policeman to ask the way.As in Tokyo,taxi drivers in Hiroshima often know little of their
36、city,but to avoid loss of face before foreigners,will not admit their ignorance,and will accept any destination without concern for how long it may take them to find it.,screech:to make a sharp,high-pitched noise halt:to stop or pause,mainly used in the phrase come to a haltignorance:lack of knowled
37、gePoverty,disease and ignorance remain major world problems.We are in complete ignorance of his plan.,At last this intermezzo came to an end,and I found myself in front of the gigantic City Hall.The usher bowed deeply and heaved a long,almost musical sigh,when I showed him the invitation which the m
38、ayor had sent me in response to my request for an interview.That is not here,sir,he said in English.The mayor expects you tonight for dinner with other foreigners at the restaurant boat.See?This is where it is.”He sketched a little map for me on the back of my invitation.,intermezzo:short musical co
39、mposition to be played between the acts of a drama or an opera This word is used very lighted-heartedly here.I found myself in front of the gigantic City Hall.cf:I got to the front of.The first sentence indicates suddenness,unconsciousness.I suddenly discovered that I was in front of the City Hall.,
40、gigantic:titanic,massive,huge,usher:official door keeper,a man who shows people to their seats on an important occasion,(or in a theatre or cinema)heave:to give out(a sad sound),esp.in the phrase to heave a sigh/groan“e.g.We all heaved a sigh of relief when the work was done.sketch:to draw roughly a
41、nd quickly with outlines but little detail,Thanks to his map,I was able to find a taxi driver who could take me straight to the canal embankment,where a sort of barge b:d 驳船 with a roof like one on a Japanese house was moored.The Japanese build their traditional houses on boats when land becomes too
42、 expensive.The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige be 米色 concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono kmn,-n and the miniskirt.,embankment:a wide wall of stones or earth,which is built to keep a river from overflowing its banksbarg
43、e:a large low boat with a flat bottom,used mainly for carrying heavy goods on a canal or rivermoor:to fasten(a ship,boat)to land,to the bed of the sea,etc.by means of ropes,chains and an anchor,etc.,arresting:striking,attracting and holding attention.e.g an arresting beauty/storyspectacle:sth.seen,s
44、th.taking place before the eyes,esp.sth.fine and remarkablee.g.The big army parade on national day is a grand spectacle.beige:pale yellowish brownincessant:never stopping.The word implies ceaseless or uninterrupted activity,adrift:afloat without control,driven about by the sea or wind a-has the mean
45、ing of away,from,of,in,on,etc.e.g.aboard:on the board,on the boat afire:to set sth.on fire The house was afire.afloat:on water afoot:on foot(I came afoot.),At the door to the restaurant,a stunning,porcelain-faced woman in traditional costume asked me to remove my shoes.This done,I entered one of the
46、 low-ceilinged rooms of the little floating house,treading/e/cautiously on the soft matting and experiencing a twinge痛苦;难过;内疚of embarrassment at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks.,stunning:very attractive,delightful,beautiful,making you become intoxicatedcostume:the clothes
47、worn by people at a particular time in history or in a particular countrye.g.portraits of people dressed in 17th-century costume,tread:to walk or step,to put the foot down on(Notice:the mind is fixed on the feet.)cautious:having or showing great care,as if there might be some danger e.g.The troops a
48、dvanced with great caution,twinge:a sudden sharp pain e.g.to feel a twinge in the region of heartembarrass:to feel ashamed or socially uncomfortableprospect:reasonable hope,sth.which is expected or considered probablee.g.She was quite excited by the prospect of seeing her net friend soon.The scandal
49、 ruined his prospects.I see no prospect of his recovery.,He was a tall,thin man,sad-eyed and serious.Quite unexpectedly,the strange emotion which had overwhelmed me at the station returned,and I was again crushed by the thought that I now stood on the site of the first atomic bombardment,where thous
50、ands upon thousands of people had been slain in one second,where thousands upon thousands of others had lingered奄奄一息 on to die in slow agony.,emotion:any of the strong feelings of the human spirite.g.His speech has an effect on our emotions rather than our reason.I was again overcome by the same sen
