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1、四级讲座一,四级新题型测试内容、题型和比例,各部分分值,Listening 共35分 短对话 8个 8分 长对话 2个7题 7分 篇章听力2篇10题 10分 短文听写11个空 10分 8个词汇 共4分 3个句子 共6分,Reading 共35分 快速阅读 7个判断是非或选择题 7分 3个句子填空题 3分 传统阅读 2篇10道题 20分 选词填空 10个空 5分 或短句问答,完型填空 共10分 20道选择题 10分 或改错(错误辨认并改正)写作 15分 120-150词 翻译 中译英5句 5分,各单项的报道分的满分分别是:听力249分,阅读249分,完型或改错70分,作文142分。各单项分相加之
2、和等于总分 710分,考试时间安排,答题时间共125分中。Step 1 发答题卡1和答题卡2 填答题卡1和2上的姓名和考号 注意:AB卷的填涂 如果考号为单数则填 A卷 考号为双数则为B卷,Step 2 写作 30分钟监考员宣布开始答题才可动笔,之前有几分钟时间审题。1 想好主题句 2 大体的outline 3 想好关键词 等,Step 3 快速阅读 15分钟注意:监考员宣布后才可打开试题册。监考员宣布停笔时必须停笔。否则后果严重。,Step 4 收答题卡一 5分钟 答题卡一上有写作部分和快速阅读部分注意:这段时间可以看听力题 1 短对话扫视一遍。2把长对话和短文听力的文章主旨题、地点题等能猜
3、出问题的题号画一下,做到心中有数。3 短文听写的词汇词性猜测。,Step 5 听力部分 35分钟 注意:Direction 比较长,可以再进一步看选项。笔记做在卷子上。越多越好 听为主,记为辅。切记不能中途在脑中英译汉,忘掉汉语。,Step 6 选词填空和篇章阅读 25分钟 选词填空 10分钟 篇章阅读 15分钟 注意:选词填空尽量缩短时间,给篇章阅读节省出更多时间。或:把选词填空放在最后做(以防耗时太多)。,Step 7 完型填空 15分钟Step 8 中译英 5分钟注意:翻译可以考虑放在Cloze 前面做。把会做的,比较容易的翻译先做了。Step 9 检查题号填写,姓名考号等的填写。监考员
4、宣布考试结束立刻停笔。,CET-4 标准,词汇:4500个单词,1700条常用词组读:70词/分钟 100词/分钟 70%准确率听:130-150词的听力材料,一遍可听懂。写:120-150词 30分钟说:熟悉的话题作简短发言,表达较清楚,语音语调基本正确。译:300词/H 250字/H,大学英语四级考试听力理解部分要求考生达到教学要求中的一般要求,即“能听懂英语授课,能听懂日常英语谈话和一般性题材讲座,能基本听懂慢速英语节目,语速为每分钟130词左右,能掌握其中心大意,抓住要点。能运用基本的听力技巧帮助理解。”,听力理解,听力理解部分考核的技能是:A 理解中心思想和重要细节 1)理解中心思想
5、 2)听懂重要的或特定的细节 3)判断说话人的观点、态度等 B 理解隐含的意思 4)推论隐含的意义 5)判断话语的交际功能 C 借助语言特征理解听力材料 6)辨别语音特征,如从连续的话语中辨别语音、理解重音和语音语调等 7)理解句间关系,如比较、原因、结果、程度、目的等,大学英语四级考试阅读理解部分要求考生达到教学要求中的一般要求,即“能基本读懂一般性题材的英文文章,阅读速度达到每分钟70词。在快速阅读篇幅较长、难度略低的材料时,阅读速度达到每分钟100词。能基本读懂国内英文报刊,掌握中心意思,理解主要事实和有关细节。能读懂工作、生活中常见的应用文体的材料。能在阅读中使用有效的阅读方法。”,阅
6、读理解,阅读部分考核的技能是:A 辨别和理解中心思想和重要细节 1)理解明确表达的概念或细节 2)理解隐含表达的概念或细节(如总结、判断、推论等);通过判断句子的交际功能(如请求、拒绝、命令等)来理解文章意思 3)理解文章的中心思想(如找出能概括全文的要点等)4)理解作者的观点和态度 B 运用语言技能理解文章 5)理解词语(如根据上下文猜测词和短语的意思)6)理解句间关系(如原因、结果、目的、比较等)7)理解篇章(如运用词汇及语法承接手段来理解篇章各部分之间的关系)C 运用专门的阅读技能 8)略读文章,获取文章大意 9)查读文章,获取特定信息,写作和翻译,大学英语四级考试写作部分要求考生达到教
7、学要求中的一般要求,即“能完成一般性的写作任务,能描述个人经历、观感、情感和发生的事件等,能写常见的应用文,能就一般性话题或提纲在半小时内写出至少120词的短文,内容基本完整,用词恰当,语义连贯。能掌握基本的写作技能。”四级考试中未将翻译作为一个独立的技能考核。翻译部分主要考核学生运用正确的词汇和语法结构并按英语习惯表达思想的能力,写作和翻译部分考核学生用英语进行书面表达的能力。写作部分要求考生用英语进行短文写作,思想表达准确,意义连贯,无重大语法错误;翻译部分要求考生用正确的语法结构和符合英语习惯的表达,将单句中的汉语部分译成英语。写作部分考核的技能是:A 思想表达 1)表达中心思想 2)表
8、达重要或特定信息 3)表达观点、态度等 B 篇章组织 4)围绕所给的题目叙述、议论或描述,突出重点 5)连贯地组句成段,组段成篇 C 语言运用 6)运用恰当的词汇 7)运用正确的语法 8)运用合适的句子结构 9)使用正确的标点符号 10)使用衔接手段表达句间关系(如对比、原因、结果、程度、目的等)D 写作格式 11)运用正确的符合英语表达习惯的写作格式,词汇和语法,大学英语四级考试中,词汇和语法知识将融入各部分试题中,不再单独列项考核。要达到大学英语四级考试所考核的各项技能要求,考生掌握的词汇量应达到4500个单词和700个词组,四级机考介绍(IBT-Internet Based Test),
9、试题结构:I.视听理解 25%II.视听综合 40%III.阅读理解 35%,在第一、二部分的考试中,学生通过音频和视频完成考题。全文:听第一遍-理解主旨大意-听第二遍-获取重要细节信息;段落或句子:听写单词词组-填写选择语法结构-跟读句子-写总结或评论。第二部分的阅读理解有两篇仔细阅读和一篇长篇的快速阅读。视听材料:采用访谈、新闻、报道、讲座等,更真实,利用视频优势,提高听力测试的速度。视听题材:包括教育、时事、科技、健康、体育、文化、社会、旅游等。视听材料:来源国内为CCTV9,CRI;国外有BBC、VOA、The New York times、Discovery、CNN、National
10、 Geographic、NPR、CBS等。视听语音:主要有美音和英音;语速为130-150wpm,具体题型:I.视听理解 25%main idea and important details 25%选择题 II.视听综合 40%listening-based integrated listening dictation 10%,grammar and structure/blank filling 10%,listening and repeating/sentence repeating 10%summary and commenting/essay writing 15%III.阅读理解
11、35%reading in-depth reading 20%选择题 skimming and scanning 10%选择题,应对方法,一、熟练掌握电脑的操作方法,熟悉用计算机多媒体获取信息的模式,大量阅读英语原版文章,习惯在屏幕上阅读英语文章,坚持练习英语打字速度,达到40-50词/分钟,从形式上完全适应英语机试的要求。,二、大量增加听力训练:每周看一两部经典英文电影,或者是Discovery Channel的光盘、Utube网站上的英语视频,并且在听的过程中,适当作笔记来扩大记忆空间,掌握不懂的生词,对经典的句型要进行大量的跟读模仿。,三、听力操练要采取“精听”方法,把经典的听力材料如独
12、白,对话,短文,课堂讲座或是经典电影片断反复多听,把握每一个细节,然后对照原文查漏补缺;,四、一定要养成听力过程中做笔记的习惯五、学英语一定要开口说六、练习写作一定要大量背诵经典范文,熟悉各种体裁作文的写作形式和结构,快速阅读,快速阅读要求考生在15分钟内完成一篇1200字左右的文章和后面的10道题。前面7个题可以是选择题,也可以是判断正误(Y,N,NG题),后3个是填空题(答案基本都是原文中出现的原词)。该题型需要通过略读和寻读法,乃至文章逻辑关系、标点符号等方面的综合运用,实现对随后的题目有效的判断和填写。,略读和寻读巧妙搭配略读(skimming):快速了解文章的中心思想。方法:看一下标
13、题(如有标题)。读第一段,抓住中心思想。浏览其他段落的首句和末句。读结尾段。,寻读(scanning):有目标地去找出文中某些特定的信息。要以很快的速度扫视文章,确定所查询的信息范围。方法:明确查询信息的特点。如:人名、地名:寻找首字母大写的单词;日期、数目:查找具体数字;有关事件、观点等:寻找与此相关的关键词;注意转折词,如but,however,conversely,Nevertheless,on the contrary 注意序数词,最高级词等。,方法和思路,Directions:In this part,you will have 15 minutes to go over the p
14、assage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet IY(for YES)if the statement agrees with the information given in the passageN(for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passageNG(for Not Given)if the information is not given in the passage,难点:NG 的两重含义 1 在原文中找不到题目中命题的信息,
15、也就是无关 2 依照全文的相关信息,不能得出题目命题所包含的结论,也就是不确定。较为简便的方法:把命题转变成问题,如果不能肯定的回答Yes/No,则为NG,题型要求,1 快速定位:找出与题目相关的原文中的句子。2 语句差异的比较与判断:原文的语句与题目的语句的差异,确定它们的关系是Y,N,还是NG。,解题步骤,第一步:1分钟略读原文,猎取信息 1.title,subtitle,Section heading,Illustration.了解大概意思。2.如果没有以上各项,则看每段首末句。了解各段大意和结构。,第二步 仔细阅读题干,确定关键词 确定关键词:一个或若干个能表示题干意思且信息量大,有明
16、显提示作用的词。它们是在文章中寻找答案的参照词。必须具备重要提示功能,特征明显。1 标题,副标题,段落标题和图表;2 比较明显的描述性名词;3 副词和形容词以及短语,特别是一些程度词,比较词,最高级等,4 以人名和地名为代表的表示名称的词语5 时间状语表示时间(年月日小时等)的词语;6 特殊印刷题:大写字母,斜体字母,粗体字,阿拉伯数字,特殊符号。,第三步 从头到尾快读,根据题干关键词在原文中定位相关语句;第四步 比较题干中的语句和原文中的语句,根据yes/no/not given 的判断标准和原则,对题干进行判断。Tip:出题的顺序一般与文章段落展开的顺序一致。在快速阅读中,短期记忆相当重要
17、,也相当有效。,Yes/No/Not Given 判断标准和原则,Yes 选择标准和原则:1)题干与原文一样(很少见)2)题干命题是原文出处一致:同义转换句型结构推论原文的主语范围包括了题干的主语范围。简单的数字运算原则双重否定得肯定概括总结,如:句型结构推论:A is better than BB is not the best one 如:原文:The mothers warning is a better predictor than any advice from the father in these tasks 题干:The fathers advice is not the be
18、st in these tasks,原文的主语范围包括了题干的主语范围。原文为题干的充分条件。一定是主语比较。原文:All the students and staff are automatically members of this center.题干:The girl students can become the members of the center.,简单的数字运算原则。原文只出了几组数据和数据之间的逻辑关系,而题干则是在这种逻辑关系下几组数据通过运算得出新的结论。原文:As many as 20%of all children in the United States suf
19、fer from dyslexia 题干:One out of five American children suffers from dyslexia.,双重否定得肯定。原文:Only 14 percent fathers are highly participant in terms of time spent on family work.题干:The vast majority of fathers do not take part of any great extent in family.注意:否定词和否定前后缀,概括总结。题干对原文的抽象总结原文:Yet both police
20、officers and the public define“rapid response”as responding up to 10-12 minutes after calling the police for help.题干:The public and the police generally agree on the amount of time normally taken for a rapid response.,2.No选择标准和原则:,1)题干的表达与原文直接相反;2)排他类情况;原文列举的是多种情形,即几种情况都对,但题干则只说一种情况是对的。通常这类题干种含有must
21、,only等排他性的词汇,这样就直接否定了原文中其他正确的情形。如 原文:AX,B X,C X.题干:only A X.,原文:You can join the association for as little as one month and for up to one year at a time.题干:Membership must be renewed monthly.,3)部分代替整体。部分必要条件代替整体。A+BX 题干:A X 题干命题缺少原文的必要条件,尤其是当原文中包含由如unless,provided,while,if,when 引导的状语。或由without,with,
22、but,for,except引导的介宾结构,或由动名词作原因伴随状语,而题干中不存在这些条件。,原文:The Internet has often been a hazardous tool if it is in the hands of young computer users.题干:The Internet has often been dangerous.原文:Even in wet areas once teeming with frogs and toads,it is becoming less and less easy to find those slimy,hopping
23、and sometimes poisonous members of the animal kingdom.题干:Frogs and toads are usually poisonous.,3.Not Given选择标准和原则,1)在阅读文章中根本没有提及题干所讨论的内容2)题干作为整条信息在原文中没有提及3)题干将文章所涉及的事物更加具体化,而文章根本没有指明或确定,从而无从考证,原文:The Japanese government decided to send some officials to business schools in the US to receive the bes
24、t business education in the world.题干:Two hundred officials were to be sent to US to study business by the Japanese government.,4)在阅读文章中提及若干事物,但是没有做出比较,题干当中对这些事物进行了比较,从而无从考证5)在阅读文章中人为的目标,目的,愿望,誓言等的内容,在题干中成了现实。目标:aim,object,objective,goal,目的:purpose,motive,intention 愿望:hope,wish,desire,dream 誓言:swear,
25、pledge,vow,promise,原文:His aim was to bring together,once every four years,athletes from all countries on the friendly fields of amateur sport.题干:Only amateur athletes are allowed to compete in the modern Olympics.,几个Not Given 题:原文:Many teachers find their jobs very rewarding.题干:The majority of teach
26、ers get satisfaction from their work.原文:The tourists come mainly from Europe.题干:The tourists come mainly from the UK.,Exercises,Many lecturers find their jobs very rewarding.A.Many lecturers are well paid.B.All lecturers get something positive from their work.C.The majority of lecturers get satisfac
27、tion from their work.,NG,N,NG,2.Computers are gaining in popularity,despite their cost.A.Computers are getting cheaper.B.Computers are expensive C.Computers used to be more popular than they are now.,NG,NG,N,3.As a result of increasing wealth,an ever larger number of families now have two cars.A.Mos
28、t families nowadays have two cars.B.People are getting richer.C.Cars are becoming more expensive.,keys:NG,Y,NG,4.Educational standards in schools have,in general,been gradually improving.A.Schools have been getting better.B.The education in schools has not been improving.C.Educational standards are
29、not as unsatisfactory as they used to be.,Keys:Y,N,NG,5.In families,the traditional roles of men and women are often reversed if the man becomes unemployed.A.Unemployment can affect the way that families operate.B.In families where the woman has a job,men and women usually have traditional roles.C.U
30、nemployment does not affect the role of a man in the family.,Y,NG,N,6.Although the hazards of boxing have been well publicized,the government has yet to introduce a ban on the sport.A.The government does not want to ban boxing.B.The hazards of boxing are not very well-known.C.A ban on boxing has not
31、 been introduced yet.NG,N,Y,7.There is much money to be made from the sale of umbrellas on rainy days,as there is from cold drinks when the temperature rises.A.Cold drinks sell well when it gets warmer.B.When it rains,older people buy umbrellas.C.The author is a shopkeeper.Y,NG,NG,8.While it is ackn
32、owledged for many years that an increasing number of animals are bound to become extinct,it is only recently that the problem has been addressed by politicians.A.Recently people have been writing to our politicians about animals becoming extinct.B.We have known for a long time that more species of a
33、nimals will disappear.C.Politicians have been fighting animal extinction for many years.NG,Y,N,9.Most people would be amazed if they realized how many different types of insect life exist in their very own garden.A.The majority of gardeners are not surprised at the range of insect life in their gard
34、en.B.It is impossible to count the different types of insect life in a garden.C.There are more types of insect life in the average garden than most people think.NG,NG,Y,Questions:原文:many题干:all 原文:Many题干:Majority,No,NG,句子填空题命题研究与解题思路,题型:补充不完整的句子。最好是原词或原词的总结性概括,题型要求,所有需要填写的内容都在文章中可以找到。题目的顺序和原文中答案出现位置的
35、顺序一致。,解题步骤,第一步:仔细阅读答题说明。注意看Directions,有无类似“No More Than Three Words”或“With words taken from the reading passage”等限制要求,第二步:阅读空格前后内容,确定空缺部分的语法和意义范畴。第三步:根据题干的关键词寻读到原文中定位相关句。第四部:确认答案是否满足题目要求,Exercises,原文:Scientists,along with university professors,are the most respected professionals.题干:A survey found t
36、hat the general public in China regard scientists as the countrys _,most respected professionals.,2 原文:Once inside the plane,make sure you have enough room to move your legs as much as possible,and even consider wearing support stocking,which can improve the blood flow in the veins of the legs.题干:_
37、can assist the blood to flow in the lower limbs.,support stocking,3 原文:The process by which flowers consume oxygen and emit carbon dioxide,called respiration,generates the energy the flower needs to give its shape and color.题干:_ are two aspects of a flowers appearance that depend on respiration.,shape and color,