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1、写作技能 如何写好简单句 Simple Sentences,在英语中，只有一个主谓结构，即由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成的句子，且句子各成分都只由单词或短语构成的独立句子或分句叫做简单句。,句子的两个主要组成部分是主语和谓语，而谓语都是由动词构成的。因此，动词在句子中起着极其重要的作用，可以说是句子的核心。在英语中，各类动词后有不同的结构，从而构成不同的句型，抓住动词及它们引起的各种句型，就会对英语句子有一个总的概念。,Five Types of Simple Sentences 简单句的五种类型,1.主语+不及物动词（S+Vi.）该结构中，动词是不及物的，不需加宾语就可
2、表达一个完整的意思。有时可带状语修饰动词，表示动作发生的时间、地点、频率、原因、结果、目的等。例如：The little baby smiled.婴儿笑了。More than 100 thousand people per year die because of the second hand smoke.,2.主语+及物动词+宾语（S+Vt.+O）该结构中的谓语动词是及物动词，其后常跟名词、代词、动词不定式或动词的-ing形式等作宾语。Lily knows French.莉莉懂法语。Finally,I suggest having more English activities,such a
3、s English contests and festivals.,3.主语+及物动词+间接宾语(sb.）+直接宾语（sth.）（S+Vt.+IO+DO）My grandmother told me a story.我的奶奶给我讲了一个故事。My uncle bought a new computer for me.我的叔叔给我买了一台新电脑。,这类句型常有“给某人某物”、“送某人某物”、“留给某人某物”等意思。常见的这类谓语动词后接to的有：give(给某人)bring(带给某人)tell(告诉某人.)send(送给某人),leave(留给某人)pass(递给某人)write(给某人写),t
4、ake(给某人拿)show(给某人看)teach(教某人)lend(借给某人)pay(支付某人)hand(递给某人)后常接for的有:make,buy,get,sing,cook，read等等。,4.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语（S+Vt.+O+C）该结构中的宾语后需跟上宾语补足语意思才完整，宾语和宾语补足语组合成复合宾语。（注意宾补的考察）The news made us surprised.这消息使我们很吃惊。Miss Wang told me not to be discouraged.王女士告诉我别气馁。,5.主语+系动词+表语（S+V.+P）The food is(tastes)
5、very delicious.食物尝起来非常美味。常见的系动词有be,feel,taste,smell,sound,look,seem,appear,get,become,turn,go,keep,remain,stay,fall等。,Practice 判断下列简单句的结构：,1.The sun rises.2.I dont like basketball.3.Danny is tired.4.I read her a story.5.I helped her brush her teeth.,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,1.The spring is co
6、ming.2.In spring,the weather becomes warmer.3.I have finished my homework.4.Show me your books.5.Keep them warm at night.,They work hard.The flower is dead.Plants need water.He gives me some seeds.We should keep the plants in the shade.Many animals live in trees.,汉译英：1)鸟会在天空飞翔。2)他喜欢踢足球。3)我们非常激动。4)他昨
7、天给了我一本书。5)她告诉我下课后不要出去。,He likes playing football.,Birds can fly in the sky.,We are very excited.,He gave me a book yesterday.,She told me not to go out after class.,Correct the mistakes:He kept me wait for a week.She looks happily.My mother bought a new shirt to me.Yesterday they arrived Beijing.,wa
8、iting,_,_,happy,_,_,for,arrived in,写作训练,用下面所给的动词作谓语，按要求完成句子Leave1.They _ tomorrow.(主谓）2.The boy _ yesterday.(主谓宾）3.Tom always _ at night.(主谓宾宾补）4.His grandfather _ after His death.(主谓宾宾）,will leave,left his hometown,leaves the door open,left him a house,二 help1.Does this _?(主谓）2.Who _ tomorrow?(主谓宾）
9、3.Jack often _.(主谓宾宾补）三 tell1.Why didnt you _？（主谓宾）2.Can you _?(主谓宾宾）,help,will help us,helps us do the housework,tell us,tell me the secret,四.Write1._with pens.(主谓）2.Mr Black often _ for a newspaper.(主谓宾）3.Bob _ last week.(主谓宾宾）五.Make1.The boys are _.(主谓宾）2.Can you _,sir?(主谓宾宾）3.How will you _?(主谓宾
10、宾补）,We write,writes articles,wrote me a letter,making kites,making us a sentence,make yourself understood,简单句型的高级形式 简单句其实也可以不简单，若将简单句与非谓语动词短语、形容词短语、同位语、独立主格结构等巧妙地合在一起，不但可以表达更丰富的内容，而且可以使句子变得更精彩，充分显示你的英语表达实力。,1.同位语：I want to have a penfriend,我想有一个笔友，一个二十出头且兴趣相投的女 孩子。（同位语中又有两个并列的介词短语修饰）2.形容词短语：,Thomas
11、Edison was a great scientist and inventor.出生于美国的托马斯爱迪生是一个伟大的科学家和发明家。,a girl in her early twentiesand with interests similar to mine.,Born in America,3.不定式短语：，we need to do sports.为了学习好，我们需要体育运 动4.现在分词短语：In this picture,a mother bird stays in her nest in a big tree,.在这幅图中，一个鸟妈 妈呆在一棵大树的鸟巢里，观看她的鸟仔飞走。,I
12、n order to study well,watching,her babies flying away,5.过去分词短语：,mobile phones and the Internet are faster and much more convenient.与信件和公用电话相比，手机和网络更快也更方便。6.介词短语：，he encourages us to think by ourselves.他鼓励我们独立思考，而不是马上告诉我们答案。,Compared with letters and,public phones,Instead of giving us answers immedia
13、tely,即时练习按括号中的提示翻译下列句子1.我是李华，四川的一个学生。（同位语）（全国）2.与其他老师相比，摩尔先生更注意教学方法。（用过去分词短语）（湖南）3.北京动物园，建于1906年，有100多年的历史了。（用过去分词短语）（北京）,Im Li Hua,a student in Sichuan.,Compared with other teachers,Mr.Moore pays more attention to his way of teaching.,The Beijing Zoo,built in 1906,has a history of more than 100 yea
14、rs.,4.李华在公共汽车站等601路公交车去上学。（现在 分词短语）（北京）5.我们学生应当通过努力学习而不是考试作弊来试 图获得好成绩。（介词短语）（福建）,Li Hua was at the bus stop,waiting for Bus No.601 to go to school.,We students should try to get good results by studying hard instead of cheating in examinations.,根据汉语提示，完成句子,1.They dont know _(如何处理那个问题）2.The word puzz
15、le _(对他来说似乎很有挑战性）3.What on earth _(使他对吸烟如此上瘾）？4.They _(已经接管那家公司）5.The workers all hope _(有更多的机会去国外）,how to deal with the problem,seems very challenging to him,made him so addicted to smoking,have taken over the company,to have more chances to go abroad,6.Most young people _(不能与她相抗衡）7.The earthquake
16、_（给这个地区造成了巨大的损害）8.He felt_（羞愧只做了这么一点工作）9.She _（在考虑搬迁）into a new city.10.They _(快把纸用完了）,cant match her,caused great damage to this area,shamed of having done so little work,is considering moving,are running out of paper,把下列句子翻译成各种简单句,1由于下雨，他们不能去参加会议。(主谓宾)2他们用刀子把靴子割开了。(主谓宾宾补)3什么事情使他迷糊的？(主谓宾)4.他们在为考试做准
17、备。(主谓宾)5.老师觉得他们有必要在课后完成家庭作业。(主谓宾宾补)6.李叔叔给我寄来了一些书籍。(主谓宾宾)7.学校建议每天锻炼一小时。(主谓宾)8.我惊讶得说不出话来。(主系表)9.你不必向我解释原因。(主系表)10.那个婴儿老是跌倒。(主谓),写作技能简单句的扩展 句子的扩展，就是在名词前后加上前置或后置定语，在动词、形容词或者副词前后加上适当的状语，或增加修饰整个句子的状语，等等，其目的是使结构形式更饱满、内容表达更加清楚、语言表达更生动。我们练习句子的扩展，有助于循序渐进地实现由句到段的过渡。【例1】对The man was famous.（主语+系动词+表语）一句进行扩展，可得到
18、以下一些句子：a.The man was a famous student.(划线部分为定语),named Mike,b.,the man was very famous.(划线部分为状语)【例2】对The student jumped.（主语+谓语）一句进行扩展，可得到以下一些句子：a.The student jumped.（划线部分为定语）b.,the naughty student jumped.（划线部分为状语）,At the age of seventeen,because of being good at playing the,piano,naughty,with glasses
19、 on,Hearing the good news,with joy,in class,without any,hesitation,【例3】Chinese are making China more powerful.（主语+谓语+宾语+宾补）一句进行扩展，可得到以下一些句子：a.Chinese are making China more powerful.（划线部分为定语）b.,hard-working and open-minded Chinese are making full of resources more powerful.（划线部分为状语）,Hard-working and
20、open-minded,full of resources,With time going on,than before as expected,即时练习按要求对下列句子进行扩展1.Students buy books.（至少要含非谓语、介词短 语和从句等作定语）2.Students work.（至少要含非谓语、介词短语和 从句等作状语）,The diligent students in our class often buy some books written in English on science,which are really well worth buying.,In orde
21、r to improve their school subjects,students work hard in the classroom so that they forget to go out after class.,3.The man gave me a pen.（至少含一个不定式短 语，一个现在分词短语）,In order to help me,the old man standing over there gave me a red pen to write with the day before yesterday.,书面表达中学生常见错误类型一 散乱型不着边际胡乱写；二 逻
22、辑混乱型多出现在语句或情节描绘中；三 语法不通型一般出现在语句中；四 误用词语型语句中用词错误五 粗心大意型不认真阅读提示，或错写内容或丢三落四六 喧宾夺主型不分主次信马由缰丢掉主要内容而将非主要内容大写或特写,写作要领1 细读提示明白写什么，日记、信函、报导或叙事描写2 写全要点了解核心内容，非重要情节，图画作文应认真分析判断才能分清主次。表格类原则上一个不能少3 卷面干净事先打草稿然后誊改是使文章通畅的关键,4 书写认真不求文字隽秀力保规范工整，这是留下好印象的起码条件5 层次分明为使短文令人感到赏心悦目分成2甚至3段为好6 承上启下简而言之是连接词、过渡句他们是组成文章粘和剂，上下沟通的纽带,7 繁简有度文章总有详写与略写，尤其是 图画类短文，学会筛选是非常必要的，如其不然，事无巨细全部点到，不仅使文章成了流水帐，而且空耗了时间还使文章显得冗赘若再因超长而被扣分岂不得不偿失？！8 亮点突出较高级词汇和较复杂的语法结构的合理适时使用，这最能影响或打动改卷教师，是求得高档次及该档次高端分 值的保证,
