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1、黎明前的北京季羡林 前后加起来，我在北京已经住了四十多年，算是一个老北京了。北京的名胜古迹，北京的妙处，我应该说是了解的；其他老北京当然也了解。但是有一点，我相信绝大多数老北京并不了解，这就是黎明时分以前的北京。多少年来，我养成了一个习惯：每天早晨四点在黎明以前起床工作。我不出去跑步或散步，而是一下床就干活儿。因此我对黎明前的北京的了解是在屋子里感觉到的。我从前在什么报上读过一篇文章，讲黎明时分天安门广场上的清洁工人。那情景必然是非常动人的，可惜我从未能见到，只是心向往之而已。四十年前，我住在城里在明朝曾经是特务机关的东厂里面。几座深深的大院子，在最里面三个院子里只住着人一个人。朋友们都说这地
2、方阴森可怕，晚上很少有人敢来找我，我则怡然自得。每当夏夜，我起床以后，立刻就闻到院子里那些高大的马缨花树散发出来的阵阵幽香，这些香气破窗而入，我于此时神清气爽，乐不可支，连手中那一枝笨拙的笔也仿佛生了花。几年以后，我搬到西郊来住，照例四点起床，坐在窗前工作。白天透过窗子能够看到北京展览馆那金光闪闪的高塔的尖顶，此时当然看不到了。但是，我知道，即使我看不见它，它仍然在那里挺然耸入天空，仿佛想带给人以希望，以上进的劲头。我仍然是乐不可支，心也仿佛飞上了高空。过了十年，我又搬了家。这新居既没有马缨花，也看不到金色的塔顶。但是门前却有一片清碧的荷塘。刚搬来的几年，池塘里还有荷花。夏天早晨四点已经算是黎
3、明时分。在薄暗中透过窗子可以看到接天莲叶，而荷花的香气也幽然袭来，我顾而乐之，大有超出马缨花和金色塔顶之上的意味了。难道我欣赏黎明前的北京仅仅由于上述的原因吗？不是的。三十几年以来，我成了一个“开会迷”。说老实话，积三十年之经验，我真有点怕开会了。在白天，一整天说不定什么时候就会接到开会的通知。说一句过火的话，我简直是提心吊胆，心里不得安宁。即使不开会，这种惴惴不安的心情总摆脱不掉。只有在黎明以前，根据我的经验，没有哪里会来找你开会的。因此，我起床往桌子旁边一坐，仿佛有什么近似条件反射的东西立刻就起了作用，我心里安安静静，一下子进入角色，拿起笔来，“文思”（如果也算是文思的话）如泉水喷涌，记忆
4、力也像刚磨过的刀子，锐不可当。当时，我真乐不可支，如果给我机会的话，我简直想手舞足蹈了。因此，我爱北京，特别爱黎明前的北京。,黎明前的北京Predawn Beijing季羡林前后加起来，我在北京已经住了四十多年，算是一个老北京了。北京的名胜古迹，北京的妙处，我应该说是了解的；其他老北京当然也了解。但是有一点，我相信绝大多数老北京并不了解，这就是黎明时分以前的北京。Ive been in Beijing altogether for over 40 years.So I can well call myself a long-timer of Beijing.Like all other lon
5、g-timers of the city,Im supposed to be very familiar with its scenic spots and historical sites,nay,its superb attractions.But I believe there is one thing lying unknown to most of the long-time residents the predawn hours of Beijing.,多少年来，我养成了一个习惯：每天早晨四点在黎明以前起床工作。我不出去跑步或散步，而是一下床就干活儿。因此我对黎明前的北京的了解是在
6、屋子里感觉到的。我从前在什么报上读过一篇文章，讲黎明时分天安门广场上的清洁工人。那情景必然是非常动人的，可惜我从未能见到，只是心向往之而已。For many years,I have been in the habit of getting up before daybreak to start work at four.Instead of going out for a jog or walk,Ill set about my work as soon as Im out of bed.As a result,it is from inside my study that Ive got
7、the feel of predawn Beijing.Years ago,I hit upon a newspaper article about street cleaner in Tiananmen Square at daybreak.It must have been a very moving scene,but what a pity I havent seen it with my own eyes.I can only picture it in my mind longingly.四十年前，我住在城里在明朝曾经是特务机关的东厂里面。几座深深的大院子，在最里面三个院子里只住着
8、人一个人。朋友们都说这地方阴森可怕，晚上很少有人敢来找我，我则怡然自得。每当夏夜，我起床以后，立刻就闻到院子里那些高大的马缨花树散发出来的阵阵幽香，这些香气破窗而入，我于此时神清气爽，乐不可支，连手中那一枝笨拙的笔也仿佛生了花。Forty years ago,I lived downtown in Dongchang,a compound which had housed the secret service of the Ming dynasty.There were inside it several deep spacious courtyard one leading into ano
9、ther.I was the sole dweller of the three innermost courtyards.My friends,calling this place too ghastly,seldom dared to come to see me in the evening whereas I myself found it quite agreeable.In summer,the moment I got out of bed before daybreak,I would smell the delicate fragrance of the giant silk
10、 trees coming from outside my window.Thereupon,I would feel refreshed and joyful,and the clumsy pen in my hand would seem to have become as agile as it could.,几年以后，我搬到西郊来住，照例四点起床，坐在窗前工作。白天透过窗子能够看到北京展览馆那金光闪闪的高塔的尖顶，此时当然看不到了。但是，我知道，即使我看不见它，它仍然在那里挺然耸入天空，仿佛想带给人以希望，以上进的劲头。我仍然是乐不可支，心也仿佛飞上了高空。Several years
11、later when I moved to the western suburbs,I kept my habit of rising at four to begin work at the window.The glittering spire atop the tower of the daytime through my window,would no longer be visible now in the early morning haze.Nevertheless I knew that,tough invisible,it remained there intact,towe
12、ring to the skies to inspire people with hope and the urge for moving ahead.At this,I would be beside myself with joy and feel as if my heart were also flying high up into the skies.过了十年，我又搬了家。这新居既没有马缨花，也看不到金色的塔顶。但是门前却有一片清碧的荷塘。刚搬来的几年，池塘里还有荷花。夏天早晨四点已经算是黎明时分。在薄暗中透过窗子可以看到接天莲叶，而荷花的香气也幽然袭来，我顾而乐之，大有超出马缨花和
13、金色塔顶之上的意味了。Ten years after,I moved again.In the new home of mine,I had no silk trees,nor could I get sight of the glittering spire from afar.There was,however,a lotus pond of limpid blue in front of my door.In the first few years after I moved there,lotus flowers continued to blossom on the surface
14、of the pond.In the summertime,when day broke early at four,a vast stretch of lotus leaves looking skywards outside my window came dimly into sight while the quiet fragrance of the lotus flowers assailed my nose.All that delighted me even more than the silk trees and the glittering spire.,难道我欣赏黎明前的北京
15、仅仅由于上述的原因吗？不是的。三十几年以来，我成了一个“开会迷”。说老实话，积三十年之经验，我真有点怕开会了。在白天，一整天说不定什么时候就会接到开会的通知。说一句过火的话，我简直是提心吊胆，心里不得安宁。即使不开会，这种惴惴不安的心情总摆脱不掉。只有在黎明以前，根据我的经验，没有哪里会来找你开会的。因此，我起床往桌子旁边一坐，仿佛有什么近似条件反射的东西立刻就起了作用，我心里安安静静，一下子进入角色，拿起笔来，“文思”（如果也算是文思的话）如泉水喷涌，记忆力也像刚磨过的刀子，锐不可当。当时，我真乐不可支，如果给我机会的话，我简直想手舞足蹈了。Is it exclusively due to
16、the above-mentioned that Ive developed a liking for predawn Beijing?No.for 30 years,Ive been bogged down in the mire of meetings.To tell you the truth,with the experience accumulated over the 30 years,Im now scared of meetings.In the daytime,there is no telling when I may be served a notice for atte
17、nding a meeting.To exaggerate it a bit,that keeps me in constant suspense and makes me fidgety.Even when no meeting is to take place,I feel restless all the same.However,my experience tells that it is only during the predawn hours that I can be truly havened from any involvement in meetings.As soon
18、as I sit at my desk before dawn,something similar to the conditioned reflex will begin to function within me:Instantly Ill pick up my pen to play my proper part with perfect peace of mind.Then inspiration comes gushing to my mind and my memory becomes as quick as a newly-sharpened knife.Ill feel ove
19、rjoyed,almost to the point of waving my arms and stamping my feet.因此，我爱北京，特别爱黎明前的北京。In short,I love Beijing,especially predawn Beijing.,这几天心里颇不宁静。今晚在院子里坐着乘凉，忽然想起日日走过的荷塘，在这满月的光里，总该另有一番样子吧。月亮渐渐地升高了，墙外马路上孩子们的欢笑，已经听不见了；妻在屋里拍着闰儿，迷迷糊糊地哼着眠歌。我悄悄地披了大衫，带上门出去。,这几天心里颇不宁静。今晚在院子里坐着乘凉，忽然想起日日走过的荷塘，在这满月的光里，总该另有一番样子吧
20、。月亮渐渐地升高了，墙外马路上孩子们的欢笑，已经听不见了；妻在屋里拍着闰儿，迷迷糊糊地哼着眠歌。我悄悄地披了大衫，带上门出去。The last few days have found me very restless.This evening as I sat in the yard to enjoy the cool,it struck me how different the lotus pool I pass every day must look under a full moon.The moon was sailing higher and higher up the heaven
21、s,the sound of childish laughter had died away from the lane beyond our wall,and my wife was in the house patting Juner and humming a lullaby to him.I quietly slipped on a long gown,and walked out leaving the door on the latch.,沿着荷塘，是一条曲折的小煤屑路。这是一条幽僻的路；白天也少人走，夜晚更加寂寞。荷塘四面，长着许多树，蓊蓊郁郁的。路的一旁，是些杨柳，和一些不知道
22、名字的树。没有月光的晚上，这路上阴森森的，有些怕人。今晚却很好，虽然月光也还是淡淡的。路上只我一个人，背着手踱着。这一片天地好像是我的；我也像超出了平常的自己，到了另一世界里。我爱热闹，也爱冷静；爱群居，也爱独处。像今晚上，一个人在这苍茫的月下，什么都可以想，什么都可以不想，便觉是个自由的人。白天里一定要做的事，一定要说的话，现在都可不理。这是独处的妙处，我且受用这无边的荷香月色好了。,沿着荷塘，是一条曲折的小煤屑路。这是一条幽僻的路；白天也少人走，夜晚更加寂寞。荷塘四面，长着许多树，蓊蓊郁郁的。路的一旁，是些杨柳，和一些不知道名字的树。没有月光的晚上，这路上阴森森的，有些怕人。今晚却很好，虽
23、然月光也还是淡淡的。路上只我一个人，背着手踱着。这一片天地好像是我的；我也像超出了平常的自己，到了另一世界里。我爱热闹，也爱冷静；爱群居，也爱独处。像今晚上，一个人在这苍茫的月下，什么都可以想，什么都可以不想，便觉是个自由的人。白天里一定要做的事，一定要说的话，现在都可不理。这是独处的妙处，我且受用这无边的荷香月色好了。A cinder-path winds along by the side of the pool.It is off the beaten track and few pass this way even by day,so at night it is still more
24、 quiet.Trees grow thick and bosky all around the pool,with willows and other trees I cannot name by the path.On nights when there is no moon the track is almost terrifyingly dark,but tonight it was quite clear,though the moonlight was pale.Strolling alone down the path,hands behind my back,I felt as
25、 if the whole earth and sky were mine and I had stepped outside my usual self into another world.I like both excitement and stillness,under the full moon,I could think of whatever I pleased or of nothing at all,and that gave me a sense of freedom.All daytime duties could be disregarded.That was the
26、advantage of solitude:I could savour to the full that expanse of fragrant lotus and the moonlight.,曲曲折折的荷塘上面，弥望的是田田的叶子。叶子出水很高，像亭亭的舞女的裙。层层的叶子中间，零星地点缀着些白花，有袅娜地开着的，有羞涩地打着朵儿的；正如一粒粒的明珠，又如碧天里的星星，又如刚出浴的美人。微风过处，送来缕缕清香，仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的。这时候叶子与花也有一丝的颤动，像闪电般，霎时传过荷塘的那边去了。叶子本是肩并肩密密地挨着，这便宛然有了一道凝碧的波痕。叶子底下是脉脉的流水，遮住了，不
27、能见一些颜色；而叶子却更见风致了.,曲曲折折的荷塘上面，弥望的是田田的叶子。叶子出水很高，像亭亭的舞女的裙。层层的叶子中间，零星地点缀着些白花，有袅娜地开着的，有羞涩地打着朵儿的；正如一粒粒的明珠，又如碧天里的星星，又如刚出浴的美人。微风过处，送来缕缕清香，仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的。这时候叶子与花也有一丝的颤动，像闪电般，霎时传过荷塘的那边去了。叶子本是肩并肩密密地挨着，这便宛然有了一道凝碧的波痕。叶子底下是脉脉的流水，遮住了，不能见一些颜色；而叶子却更见风致了.As far as eye could see,the pool with its winding margin was cov
28、ered with trim leaves,which rose high out of the water like the flared skirts of dancing girls.And starring these tiers of leaves were white lotus flowers,alluringly open or bashfully in bud,like glimmering pearls,stars in an azure sky,or beauties fresh from the bath.The breeze carried past gusts of
29、 fragrance,like the strains of a song faintly heard from a far-off tower.And leaves and blossoms trembled slightly,while in a flash the scent was carried away.As the closely serried leaves bent,a tide of opaque emerald could be glimpsed.That was the softly running water beneath,hidden from sight,its
30、 colour invisible,though the leaves looked more graceful than ever.,月光如流水一般，静静地泻在这一片叶子和花上。薄薄的青雾浮起在荷塘里。叶子和花仿佛在牛乳中洗过一样；又像笼着轻纱的梦。虽然是满月，天上却有一层淡淡的云，所以不能朗照；但我以为这恰是到了好处酣眠固不可少，小睡也别有风味的。月光是隔了树照过来的，高处丛生的灌木，落下参差的斑驳的黑影，峭楞楞如鬼一般；弯弯的杨柳的稀疏的倩影，却又像是画在荷叶上。塘中的月色并不均匀；但光与影有着和谐的旋律，如梵婀玲上奏着的名曲。,月光如流水一般，静静地泻在这一片叶子和花上。薄薄的青雾浮起
31、在荷塘里。叶子和花仿佛在牛乳中洗过一样；又像笼着轻纱的梦。虽然是满月，天上却有一层淡淡的云，所以不能朗照；但我以为这恰是到了好处酣眠固不可少，小睡也别有风味的。月光是隔了树照过来的，高处丛生的灌木，落下参差的斑驳的黑影，峭楞楞如鬼一般；弯弯的杨柳的稀疏的倩影，却又像是画在荷叶上。塘中的月色并不均匀；但光与影有着和谐的旋律，如梵婀玲上奏着的名曲。Moonlight cascaded like water over the lotus leaves and flowers,and a light blue mist floating up from the pool made them seem
32、washed in milk or caught in a gauzy dream.Though the moon was full,a film of pale clouds in the sky would not allow its rays to shine through brightly;but I felt this was all to the good-though refreshing sleep is indispensable,short naps have a charm all their own.As the moon shone from behind them,the dense trees on the hills threw checkered shadows,dark forms loomed like devils,and the sparse,graceful shadows of willows seemed painted on the lotus leaves.The moonlight on the pool was not uniform,but light and shadow made up a harmonious rhythm like a beautiful tune played on a violin.,
