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1、正常语序：,主动句：,被动句：,状语主补保留宾语,倒装语序：凡是与上述语序不同的语序，就称为倒装。,主语谓语宾语宾补,主语谓语,知识点5：倒装句,1、全倒装,（1）表语,介词短语形容词副词,+系动词+主语,Of wider application is the fact that matter usually expands when its temperature is increased and contracts（收缩）when its temperature is decreased.,Of particular value has been the constructive crit
2、icism（建设性的批评意见）of many teachers.,More important is the fact that the reverse（反向的）current increases exponentially（指数地）with temperature.,Here is an experiment.,（2）状语,介词短语副词there,+不及物动词+主语,1、全倒装,From this condition follows Eulers equation.,In this case there results a potential difference（电位差）between t
3、he two points.,The center of mass is the point through which passes the resultant（合力）of the reaction forces（反作用力）when a body is accelerated（加速）.,There remain many important features about all lasers（激光器）that have yet to be addressed（处理；讲解）.,（3）分词,过去分词现在分词,+is(are,)+主语,注：汉译时可用“what从句”来等效。,1、全倒装,Movin
4、g round the nucleus are negatively charged particles（微粒）called electrons.(=What are moving round the nucleus),Surrounding the earth is a layer of air of unknown thickness（厚度）.(=What surrounds the earth),Shown in Fig.1 1 is the block diagram（方框图）of a radio transmitter（发射机）.(=What is shown in Fig.1 1)
5、,Superimposed（叠加）upon these considerations（考虑因素）is the need to conserve（保存）energy and material resources.(=What is superimposed on these considerations),However,remaining open（未解决的）is the question of whether WSI(wafer scale integration“晶片规模集成”)will enjoy a time in the sun.,1、全倒装,（3）分词,2、部分倒装,（1）以,on
6、ly+状语,修饰谓语或整个句子的具有否定词义的副词或介词短语,so=also,开头的句子要部分到装（其方法与构成一般疑问句类同）。,Only when the force is known as a function（函数）of time can this integral（积分）be evaluated（求值）.,By no means do positive charges move in a wire.,Not all the students here are from Shannxi Province.,常见的一些否定副词有：never（永不）,hardly（几乎不）,scarcel
7、y（几乎不）,rarely（难得，几乎不）,not only（不仅）,not until（直到后才）,little（一点也不）,seldom（难得，几乎不）,not always（不总是），neither,nor等等。,2、部分倒装,常见的一些否定含意的短语有（一般都可译成“决不，绝不”）：by no means,in no way,at no time,in no case,on under no condition,under no circumstances,on no account等。,（2）,被动语态be+个别形容词,介词短语there,+,+主语,2、部分倒装,By a fami
8、ly of curves is meant a specified set of curves which satisfy given conditions.,In Fig.2 1 are shown an ammeter（安培表）and a voltmeter（伏特表）.,Into the ends of the hose（软管）are thrust（插）glass tubes 10 to 12 inches（英寸）long.,Consider first the RC filter（滤波器）of Fig.2 7 to which is applied the square wave（方波）
9、of period（周期）T.,Fig.2 5 shows a block（木块）on which are exerted（施加）two forces F1 and F2.,There is shown the block diagram of a digital computer in Fig.1 4.,To each point of S let there be assigned（赋予）a definite（确定的）number,n.,There is present a magnetic field which varies with time.,2、部分倒装,The purpose
10、of this article is to present a critical（评论性的）survey（综述）of the field of language data processing,by which is meant the processing of natural language data by computer.,*中国在任何情况下决不会首先使用核武器（nuclear weapons）。,Under no circumstances will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.,2、部分倒装,（3）把要强调的部分或较短的部分
11、提前,把要强调的部分放在主语前,A、“宾语主语谓语”,This process we call automation.,This point we shall discuss in detail later.,2、部分倒装,B、“状语表语等主语动词”,With pressure（压力）the gap（间隙）decreases.,Of one thing we can be sure:If the charges（电荷）are at rest,there is no electric field（电场）within the metal ball.,*Said Dr.Samuel Rankin,h
12、ead of the mathematical sciences department at Worchester Polytechnic Institute（工业学院）in Worchester,Mass.:“The further you go out into the scientific and techno-logical frontiers（新领域）,especially in the kinds of things we are seeing today,you are going to find mathematics.”,2、部分倒装,Certain it is that a
13、ll essential（关键的）processes of plant（植物）growth and development（发育）occur in water.,把较短的部分提前,A、“主语谓语宾语补足语宾语”,Electromagnetic waves make possible radio broadcast（广播）and television.,Friction（摩擦）makes necessary a good lubrication（润滑）system.,2、部分倒装,We call insulators（绝缘体）these substances which prevent the
14、passage of electricity.,That still leaves（留有）to be explored（探索）an area ten times as great as the continents（五大洲）of the earth.,The advent（出现）of large scale integration has now made commonplace（普通的）computers with instruction set（指令组）capable of directly accessing（存取；访问）and flexibly（灵活地）manipulating（处理）a number of different data types and sizes.,2、部分倒装,B、“主语谓语状语宾语”,Only when we exert（施加）on an object（物体）an upward（向上的）force sufficient in magnitude（数值，大小）can we lift（提起）it.,2、部分倒装,The oscillator（振荡器）maintains between its terminals a sinusoidal alternating potential difference（正弦交变电位差）.,
