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1、lesson 5,一、可数名词与不可数名词的区别,普通名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的，这类名词叫可数名词。可数名词分为个体名词(表示某类人或事物中的个体，如worker,farmer,desk,factory等)和集体名词(表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物，如people,family 等)。如果普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的，这类名词就叫不可数名词。不可数名词分为物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质，如meat,rice,water,milk,orange 等)和抽象名词(表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念，如work,homework,time,health,frie
2、ndship等)。,countable,二、可数名词的家务事,可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时，用单数形式；指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下：1.一般的名词词尾直接加-s。如：book books room rooms house houses day days2.以s,ch,sh,x 结尾的名词，在词尾加-es。如：bus buses glass glasses watch watches dish dishes box boxes3.以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，要先将y改为i再加-es。如：city cities body bodies
3、4.以f 或fe 结尾的名词，要将f或fe改为v再加-es。如：half halves leaf leaves knife knives wife wives,5.特例 特例常常考，要记住。child children man men woman women policeman policemen(规律：man men)tomato tomatoes potato potatoes悄悄话：英语以o 结尾的名词变复数时只有这两个词加-es，其余的当然加-s喽！如：photo photos foot feet tooth teeth悄悄话：oo变成ee。sheep,Chinese,Japanese
4、单、复数同形悄悄话：变复数时词形不变。people单数形式表示复数意义，要求谓语动词用复数；people的复数形式peoples通常指多个民族。,uncountable,a loaf of bread,three loaves of bread,some breada lot of breadmuch bread,不可数名词量的表达,1，用much,a lot of,lots of,some,a little许多水,许多牛奶,一些咖啡,一点儿果汁much water,a lot of milk,some coffee,a little juice2,借助单位词一罐猪肉，一碗米饭，一块面包a c
5、an of pork,a bowl of rice,a loaf of bread3,量词与数次保持一致一瓶牛奶，两瓶牛奶a bottle of milk,two bottles of milk,How many.are there.?There is/are.How much,注意：对不可数名词的量进行提问时，分两种情况：,1，对不可数名词前表示数量的词整体提问时，要用How much.There is a glass of juice in the fredge.How much juice is there in the fridge.2,对不可数名词前的数词提问，要用“How many
6、”There is a loaf of bread in the box.How many loaves of bread are there in the box?,How many.How much.is there.?There is/are.,How much?How many?,apple juice is there in the cup?cartons of milk do you need?bread do we have in the fridge?friends do you have in your class?bottles of water do you have?mangoes are there in the box?Coke is there in our bag?,
