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1、Unit 4 Grammar,The Use of-ing Form(3),动词-ing 形式在句中作定语和状语是本单元的学习重点。,1.作定语 动词-ing 形式可以单独充当名词的前置修饰语,这时有两种情况。(1)动词-ing形式表示“供作.之用”的意 思,这类作定语的-ing形式过去叫动名词。a swimming pool=a pool for swimming,a sleeping car,=a car for sleeping,(2)动词-ing形式表示“.的”意思,过 去叫现在分词。a sleeping child working people the rising sun,动词-i
2、ng形式短语作定语时一般放在它所修饰的名词之后,相当于一个定语从句。如:They are visitors coming from several countries.The boy standing there is a classmate of mine.,Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way.=Four people enter the room and looked around in a curious way.(2)Being poor,he couldnt afford a TV set.,原因,
3、2.作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、行为方式或伴随动作等。,伴随动作,(3)Working hard,youll surely succeed.,条件,(4)The boy sat in front of the farm-house,cutting the branch.,伴随,(5)He came running back to tell me the news.,方式,(6)(When)Hearing the news,he got frightened.=When he heard the news,he got frightened.,(7)The child slipped
4、and fell,hitting his head against the door.,结果,时间,可以在分词前保留when,Attention Please,动词-ing形式作状语时,它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。,Time permitting,I will pay a visit to the whole city.(分词的逻辑主语是time,而句子的主语是I,两者不构成主谓关系,所以只能用独立主格结构,也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。),You see her step back appearing surprised.,His nose touchesMr.Cooks movi
5、ng hand.,You see her step back appearing surprised.=You see her step back and she appears surprised.,His nose touched Mr.Cooks moving hand.=His nose touched Mr.Cooks hand which is moving.,They also express their feelings using unspoken language.,=They also express their feelings by the way of using
6、unspoken language.,=They are visitors who come from several countries.,They are visitors coming from several countries.,1.The stranger said something in a _ voice and the little girl was very much _.A.frightening,frightened B.frightened,frightening C.frightening,frightening D.frightened,frightened,单
7、选,2._the piano,someone suddenly knocked at the door.A.Playing B.When I was playing C.Repairing D.Examining,3.Mother caught the boy _ in the corner.A.smoke B.to smoke C.being smoked D.smoking,4._ the programme,they have to stay there for another 2 weeks.A.Not completing B.Not completed C.Not having c
8、ompleted D.Having not completed,5.“We cant go out in this weather”,said Bob,_ out of the window.A.looking B.to look C.looked D.having looked,6.Though _ money,his parents managed to send him to university.A.lacked B.lacking of C.lacking D.lacked in,7.The bell _ the end of the period rang,_ our heated
9、 discussion.A.indicating;interrupting B.indicated;interrupting C.indicating;interrupted D.indicated;interrupted,8._ such heavy pollution already,it may now be too late to clean up the river.A.Having suffered B.Suffering C.To suffer D.Suffered,9.He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the p
10、ocket of a passenger.A.put B.to be putting C.to put D.putting,10.Suddenly,a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away,_ into the woods.A.seizing;disappeared B.seized;disappeared C.seizing;disappearing D.seized;disappearing,11._in the queue of half an hour.Tom suddenly realized
11、that he had left his wallet at home.A.To wait B.Have waited C.Having waited D.To have waited,12.The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew.A.Having hung B.hanging C.hangs D.being hung,13.Generally speaking,_ according to the directions,the drug has no side effect.A.when taking B.when taken C.
12、when to take D.when to be taken,1.When he approached Ms Smith,he touched her shoulder and kissed her._ _ Ms Smith,he touched her shoulder and kissed her.,Rewrite the following sentences.,When,approaching,2.The person who is translating the songs can speak seven languages.The person _ _ _can speak se
13、ven languages.,translating,the,songs,3.The boy standing there is reading a book about body language.The boy _ _ _ there is reading a book about body language.,who,is,standing,4.Because he comes from Jordan,he moves close to ask you a question._ _ Jordan,he moves close to ask you a question.,Coming,f
14、rom,Using structures,hold in arms,cry,appear sad,The woman holds her son in arms,crying and appearing very sad.The woman cries loudly,holding her son in arms.,box,hit on the face,move,steps,The two boxing men try to hit the other on the face,moving their steps carefully.,ski,laugh,exciting,They are
15、skiing down the hill,laughing all the way.What an exciting scene it is!,dance,sing,raise arms up,amazing music,They are dancing to amazing music,singing and raising their arms.,Koala Bear,carry,climb,search for food,Carrying her little baby on the back,the mother Koala Bear climbs up the trees,searc
16、hing for food.,1.Having not seen the film,I cant tell you what I think of it.2.The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay.3.Seen from the top of the hill,we find the city more beautiful.4.Generally speak,facial expressions are helpful communications,too.,Not having,working,Seeing,speaking,改错,5.“Cant you read?”the man said,angrily pointed to the notice on the wall.6.Knocking at the door before entering,please.7.European football is played in 80 countries,made it the most popular sport in the world.,pointing,Knock,making,Thank you.,
