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1、名词性从句的翻译,Translation of Substantive Clauses,什么是名词性从句？What has happened is no surprise to us.We all know well enough what he is.This is why we dont like him.The fact that I left him is expectable.主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,I.主语从句,连接词连接代词that，who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever，whomever，whichever，whateverThat
2、 he didnt come is expectable.注意：that只起连接作用，不可省略连接副词when，where，how，why连接词 whether/if（if 不能用在句首）,两种结构Who kept the door open all night was unknown 从句位于句首Its a pity that you should go so soon 从句位于句尾，使用先行词it作形式主语,1.当从句位于句首，一般可按原文顺序翻译What he told me was only half-truth.他告诉我的只是半真半假的东西而已。That he finished wr
3、iting the composition in such a short time surprised us all.他竟然在这么短的时间内完成作文，令我们很惊讶。When we start the work is an important question我们什么时候开始工作，这是个很重要的问题。,2.it作形式主语的主语从句，可视情况提前或不提前It doesnt make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not.他参不参加会议都没多大关系。It was a pity that you should be so care
4、less.很遗憾，你太粗心了。Its a pity that you should go so soon补充：主语从句中的虚拟语气necessary,important,strange,suggested,requested,etc.,II.宾语从句,连接词1.that,if/whether2.连接代词what,which,who,whose,whatever,whichever3.连接副词 when，where，why.,1.一般可按照顺序翻译I understand that he is well qualified，but I feel that he needs more experi
5、ence.我知道他完全够条件，但我觉得他需要更多的经验。Teachers requested that students should wear school uniforms.老师要求学生穿校服。No one knew what his job was.补充：语序、时态当时没人知道他是做什么的。,2.it作形式宾语的宾语从句，可视情况提前或不提前，I take it for granted that you will come and talk the matter over with him.我理所当然地认为，你会来跟他谈这件事的。I regard it as an honor that
6、I am chosen to attend the meeting.我被选参加会议，感到十分荣幸。We think it true that the human body is also a kind of good conductor.人体也是一种良导体，我们认为这是对的。it视情况可译出来也可不译出来,3.否定宾语从句的翻译,转移否定I dont think you are wrong.我觉得你是对的。The students dont regard Math as the most difficult.学生们认为数学并不是最难的。believe,regard,suppose,expect
7、,imagine,remember,feel,consider,etc.,III.表语从句,This is why we dont like him.可接表语从句的连系动词有be，look，seem，sound，appear等 It seems to me that we should answer for this.连接词1）wh-疑问词2）whether3）that4）because，as，as if，as thoughif不能引导表语从句,1.表语从句一般可按原文翻译Row material is what we are in need of.原料是我们所需要的东西。This is wh
8、y she got in touch with us in the first place.这是她起初和我们接触的原因。,IV.同位语和同位语从句,同位语是用来对名词或代词作进一步的解释，可以是单词、短语或从句。They two have the same idea.According to Bill Johns,my doctor,this disease is easy to cure.She expressed the hope that she would come over to visit our college soon.,1.一般由that,whether引导2.跟在fact,
9、truth,idea,news,conclusion,problem,evidence,hope等词之后,1.同位语单词和短语的翻译They two have the same idea.他们两个都有这种想法。According to Bill Johns,my doctor,this disease is easy to cure.根据我的医生比尔的观点，这种疾病很容易治愈。The negotiation will take place at a hotel,the Friendship Hotel.谈判将在一个宾馆内举行友谊宾馆。,（可用破折号）,2.同位语从句的翻译She express
10、ed the hope that she would come over to visit our college soon.她表示希望不久来我们学院参观。People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。,增加“即（也就是、认为）”，或用冒号、破折号分开He kept in mind an idea that what his teacher said was right.他总是有一种想法，认为老师说的都是对的。Most people are familiar with the idea that all matter consist of atoms（原子）.大多数人都熟悉这样一个概念：一切物质都由原子构成。,
