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1、乡村振兴视野下的农民工返乡创业模式研究一、本文概述Overviewofthisarticle随着中国城市化进程的快速推进，大量农民工涌入城市寻找工作机会，为城市的经济发展做出了巨大的贡献。然而，随着乡村振兴战略的提出和实施，农民工返乡创业成为了一种新的趋势。本文旨在探讨乡村振兴视野下农民工返乡创业的模式，分析其原因、特点、影响及存在的问题，并提出相应的政策建议。WiththerapidadvancementofChina,surbanizationprocess,alargenumberofmigrantworkershavefloodedintocitiesinsearchofjoboppo
2、rtunities,makingtremendouscontributionstotheeconomicdevelopmentofcities.However,withtheproposalandimplementationoftheruralrevitalizationstrategy,thereturnofmigrantworkerstotheirhometownsforentrepreneurshiphasbecomeanewtrend.Thisarticleaimstoexplorethemodelofmigrantworkersreturningtotheirhometownsfor
3、entrepreneurshipfromtheperspectiveofruralrevitalization,analyzeitsreasons,characteristics,impacts,andexistingproblems,andproposecorrespondingpolicyrecommendations.本文将回顾农民工外出务工的历史背景和现状，阐述农民工返乡创业的背景和趋势。通过对不同地区的农民工返乡创业案例进行深入分析，总结出几种典型的创业模式，如基于农业产业链的创业、基于乡村旅游的创业、基于电子商务的创业等，并探讨这些模式的优劣势和适用范围。Thisarticlewi
4、llreviewthehistoricalbackgroundandcurrentsituationofmigrantworkersgoingouttowork,andelaborateonthebackgroundandtrendsofmigrantworkersreturninghometostartbusinesses.Throughin-depthanalysisofentrepreneurialcasesofmigrantworkersreturningtotheirhometownsindifferentregions,severaltypicalentrepreneurialmo
5、delsaresummarized,suchasagriculturalindustrychainbasedentrepreneurship,ruraltourismbasedentrepreneurship,e-commercebasedentrepreneurship,etc.Theadvantages,disadvantages,andapplicabilityofthesemodelsarediscussed.接着，本文将分析农民工返乡创也对乡村振兴的积极推动作用,包括促进农村经济发展、改善农村就业结构、提升农村人口素质等。也将探讨农民工返乡创业面临的挑战和问题，如资金短缺、人才缺乏、
6、市场风险等。Next,thisarticlewillanalyzethepositiveroleofmigrantworkersreturninghometostartbusinessesinpromotingruralrevitalization,includingpromotingruraleconomicdevelopment,improvingruralemploymentstructure,andenhancingthequalityofruralpopulation.Wewillalsoexplorethechallengesandproblemsfacedbymigrantwor
7、kersreturningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurship,suchasfundingshortages,talentshortages,andmarketrisks.本文将提出促进农民工返乡创业的政策建议，包括加大政府扶持力度、完善创业服务体系、加强创业培训等，以期为农民工返乡创业提供有力的政策支持和保障。通过本文的研究，旨在为乡村振兴和农民工返乡创业提供理论支撑和实践指导。Thisarticlewillproposepolicyrecommendationstopromotethereturnofmigrantworkerstotheirhometow
8、nsforentrepreneurship,includingincreasinggovernmentsupport,improvingtheentrepreneurshipservicesystem,strengtheningentrepreneurshiptraining,etc.,inordertoprovidestrongpolicysupportandguaranteesformigrantworkerstoreturntotheirhometownsforentrepreneurship.Throughthisstudy,theaimistoprovidetheoreticalsu
9、pportandpracticalguidanceforruralrevitalizationandthereturnofmigrantworkerstotheirhometownsforentrepreneurship.二、文献综述1.iteraturereview随着乡村振兴战略的深入实施，农民工返乡创业现象逐渐成为学术界和政策制定者关注的焦点。农民工返乡创业不仅有助于推动乡村经济的发展，还能够促进乡村社会的繁荣和稳定。因此，对农民工返乡创业模式的研究具有重要的理论和实践意义。Withthedeepeningimplementationoftheruralrevitalizationstr
10、ategy,thephenomenonofmigrantworkersreturninghometostartbusinesseshasgraduallybecomeafocusofattentionfortheacademiccommunityandpolicymakers.Thereturnofmigrantworkerstotheirhometownsforruraleconomy,butalsopromotestheprosperityandstabilityofruralsociety.Therefore,thestudyofentrepreneurialmodelsformigra
11、ntworkersreturninghomehasimportanttheoreticalandpracticalsignificance.国内外学者对于农民工返乡创业的研究主要集中在创业动机、创业模式、创业影响因素以及创业对乡村振兴的作用等方面。在创业动机方面，学者们普遍认为农民工返乡创业的主要动机包括乡土情结、家庭因素、政策引导以及个人职业发展等。在创业模式方面，学者们根据不同的分类标准提出了多种模式，如基于产业类型的农业创业、工业创业和服务业创业，基于创业方式的个体创业、合伙创业和公司创业等。在创业影响因素方面，学者们指出资金、技术、市场、政策等因素对农民工返乡创业具有重要的影响。在创业
12、对乡村振兴的作用方面，学者们普遍认为农民工返乡创业能够促进乡村经济的发展、增加就业机会、提高农民收入、推动乡村治理创新等。Domesticandforeignscholarsmainlyfocusontheresearchofmigrantworkersreturningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurship,includingentrepreneurialmotivation,entrepreneurialmodels,entrepreneurialinfluencingfactors,andtheroleofentrepreneurshipinruralre
13、vitalization.Intermsofentrepreneurialmotivation,scholarsgenerallybelievethatthemainmotivationsformigrantworkerstoreturntotheirhometownsforentrepreneurshipincluderuralsentiment,familyfactors,policyguidance,andpersonalcareerdevelopment.Intermsofentrepreneurialmodels,scholarshaveproposedvariousmodelsba
14、sedondifferentclassificationcriteria,suchasagriculturalentrepreneurship,industrialentrepreneurship,andserviceindustryentrepreneurshipbasedonindustrytypes,individualentrepreneurshipbasedonentrepreneurialmethods,partnershipentrepreneurship,andcorporateentrepreneurship.Intermsofinfluencingfactorsonentr
15、epreneurship,scholarshavepointedoutthatfactorssuchasfunding,technology,market,andpolicieshaveimportantimpactsonthereturnofmigrantworkerstotheirhometownsforentrepreneurship.Intermsoftheroleofentrepreneurshipinruralrevitalization,scholarsgenerallybelievethatmigrantworkersreturningtotheirhometownsforen
16、trepreneurshipcanpromoteruraleconomicdevelopment,increaseemploymentopportunities,increasefarmers,income,andpromoteinnovationinruralgovernance.然而，现有研究仍存在一些不足。对于农民工返乡创业模式的分类和界定尚不统一，导致研究结论的可比性和可操作性受到一定影响。现有研究多侧重于宏观层面的分析和描述，缺乏对农民工返乡创业微观机制的深入探究。对于农民工返乡创业与乡村振兴之间的内在联系和互动机制的研究仍显不足，需要进一步加强。However,therearest
17、illsomeshortcomingsinexistingresearch.Theclassificationanddefinitionofentrepreneurialmodelsformigrantworkersreturningtotheirhometownsarenotyetunified,whichhasaffectedthecomparabilityandoperabilityofresearchconclusions.Existingresearchmostlyfocusesonmacrolevelanalysisanddescription,lackingin-depthexp
18、lorationofthemicromechanismofmigrantworkersreturningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurship.Thereisstillinsufficientresearchontheinherentconnectionandinteractionmechanismbetweenmigrantworkersreturningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurshipandruralrevitalization,andfurtherstrengtheningisneeded.因此，本研究旨在通过对农民工
19、返乡创业模式的深入研究和系统梳理，为乡村振兴战略的实施提供理论支持和政策建议。具体而言，本研究将综合运用文献分析、案例分析、问卷调查等方法，探究农民工返乡创业的动机、模式、影响因素及其与乡村振兴的内在联系。本研究还将关注农民工返乡创业过程中的微观机制和创新实践，以期为推动乡村振兴和农民工返乡创业提供有益的启示和借鉴。Therefore,thisstudyaimstoprovidetheoreticalsupportandpolicyrecommendationsfortheimplementationoftheruralrevitalizationstrategythroughin-depth
20、researchandsystematicsortingoftheentrepreneurialmodelsofmigrantworkersreturningtotheirhometowns.Specifically,thisstudywillcomprehensivelyutilizemethodssuchasliteratureanalysis,caseanalysis,andquestionnairesurveystoexplorethemotivations,patterns,influencingfactors,andintrinsicconnectionsbetweenmigran
21、tworkersreturningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurshipandruralrevitalization.Thisstudywillalsofocusonthemicromechanismsandinnovativepracticesintheprocessofmigrantworkersreturningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurship,inordertoprovideusefulinspirationandreferenceforpromotingruralrevitalizationandmigrantwo
22、rkersreturningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurship.三、农民工返乡创业现状分析Analysisofthecurrentsituationofmigrantworkersreturningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurship随着我国经济的持续发展和城乡结构的深刻变革，农民工返乡创业现象逐渐显现并呈现出蓬勃发展的态势。农民工返乡创业，不仅有助于推动乡村振兴，还能有效缓解城市就业压力，促进区域经济的均衡发展。然而，当前农民工返乡创业面临着诸多挑战和问题，值得我们深入研究和探讨。Withthesustaineddevel
23、opmentofChina,seconomyandprofoundchangesintheurban-ruralstructure,thephenomenonofmigrantworkersreturningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurshipisgraduallyemergingandshowingathrivingtrend.Thereturnofmigrantworkerstotheirhometownsforrevitalization,butalsoeffectivelyalleviatesurbanemploymentpressureandprom
24、otesbalancedregionaleconomicdevelopment.However,thecurrentchallengesandproblemsfacedbymigrantworkersreturningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurshipareworthourin-depthresearchandexploration.从创业动机来看，农民工返乡创业的主要动力源于对家乡的深厚情感和对未来生活的美好期待。他们在城市积累了丰富的经验和技能,渴望将这些资源带回家乡，为家乡的发展贡献力量。同时，随着国家对乡村振兴战略的持续推进，政策扶持和创业环境的改善
25、也为农民工返乡创业提供了有利条件。Fromtheperspectiveofentrepreneurialmotivation,themaindrivingforcebehindmigrantworkersreturningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurshipcomesfromtheirdeepemotionstowardstheirhometownsandtheirexpectationsforabetterfuturelife.Theyhaveaccumulatedrichexperienceandskillsinthecity,andareeagertob
26、ringtheseresourcesbacktotheirhometownandcontributetoitsdevelopment.Meanwhile,withthecontinuouspromotionofthecountry,sruralrevitalizationstrategy,policysupportandtheimprovementoftheentrepreneurialenvironmenthavealsoprovidedfavorableconditionsformigrantworkerstoreturnhomeandstartbusinesses.从创业领域来看，农民工
27、返乡创业主要集中在农业、乡村旅游、电子商务等领域。他们充分利用家乡的资源优势，发展特色产业，带动当地经济发展。例如，一些农民工利用先进的农业技术，发展现代农业，提高农产品附加值；还有一些农民工依托家乡的自然风光和人文历史，发展乡村旅游，吸引游客前来观光旅游；还有一些农民工利用互联网平台，开展电子商务，拓宽销售渠道，增加收入来源。Fromtheperspectiveofentrepreneurship,migrantworkersreturningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurshiparemainlyconcentratedinfieldssuchasagric
28、ulture,ruraltourism,ande-commerce.Theyfullyutilizetheresourceadvantagesoftheirhometown,developcharacteristicindustries,anddrivelocaleconomicdevelopment.Forexample,somemigrantworkersutilizeadvancedagriculturaltechnologytodevelopmodernagricultureandincreasetheaddedvalueofagriculturalproducts;Somemigra
29、ntworkersrelyonthenaturalsceneryandculturalhistoryoftheirhometownstodevelopruraltourismandattracttouriststocomeforsightseeing;SomemigrantworkersusetheInternetplatformtocarryoute-commerce,expandsaleschannelsandincreaseincomesources.然而，农民工返乡创业也面临着一些问题和挑战。创业资金短缺是制约农民工返乡创业的重要因素之一。由于缺乏足够的资金支持，许多创业项目难以启动或
30、难以持续发展。创业技能和经验不足也是制约农民工返乡创业的重要因素之一。尽管他们在城市积累了一定的经验和技能，但面对全新的创业环境，他们仍然需要不断学习和提升自己的能力。市场竞争激烈、政策支持不足等问题也对农民工返乡创业构成了一定的挑战。However,migrantworkersreturninghometostartbusinessesalsofacesomeproblemsandchallenges.Theshortageofentrepreneurialfundsisoneoftheimportantfactorsrestrictingmigrantworkersfromreturnin
31、gtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurship.Duetoalackofsufficientfinancialsupport,manyentrepreneurialprojectsaredifficulttoinitiateorsustain.Lackofentrepreneurialskillsandexperienceisalsooneoftheimportantfactorsrestrictingmigrantworkersfromreturningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurship.Althoughtheyhaveaccum
32、ulatedsomeexperienceandskillsinthecity,theystillneedtoconstantlylearnandimprovetheirabilitiesinthefaceofanewentrepreneurialenvironment.Thefiercemarketcompetitionandinsufficientpolicysupportalsoposecertainchallengesformigrantworkersreturningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurship.针对以上问题和挑战，我们需要从多个方面入手，推动
33、农民工返乡创业健康发展。一方面，政府应加大对农民工返乡创业的政策扶持力度，提供创业资金、创业培训、创业指导等全方位的服务和支持；另一方面，社会各界也应积极参与到农民工返乡创业中来，提供技术支持、市场资源等方面的帮助。农民工自身也应不断提升自身的创业能力和素质，以适应日益激烈的市场竞争。Inresponsetotheaboveproblemsandchallenges,weneedtostartfrommultipleaspectstopromotethehealthydevelopmentofmigrantworkersreturninghometostartbusinesses.Ontheo
34、nehand,thegovernmentshouldincreasepolicysupportformigrantworkersreturningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurship,providingcomprehensiveservicesandsupportsuchasentrepreneurshipfunds,entrepreneurshiptraining,andentrepreneurshipguidance;Ontheotherhand,allsectorsofsocietyshouldactivelyparticipateintheentrep
35、reneurshipofmigrantworkersreturningtotheirhometowns,providingtechnicalsupport,marketresources,andotherassistance.Migrantworkersthemselvesshouldalsocontinuouslyimprovetheirentrepreneurialabilitiesandqualitiestoadapttotheincreasinglyfiercemarketcompetition.农民工返乡创业是推动乡村振兴和区域经济均衡发展的重要力量。虽然当前农民工返乡创业面临着一些
36、问题和挑战，但只要我们共同努力，加强政策支持、社会支持和自身能力提升等多方面的措施，相信农民工返乡创业一定能够迎来更加广阔的发展空间和更加美好的未来。Thereturnofmigrantworkerstotheirhometownsforentrepreneurshipisanimportantforceinpromotingruralrevitalizationandbalancedregionaleconomicdevelopment.Althoughtherearesomeproblemsandchallengesfacedbymigrantworkersreturningtotheir
37、hometownsforentrepreneurship,aslongasweworktogether,strengthenpolicysupport,socialsupport,andimproveourownabilitiesandothermeasures,webelievethatmigrantworkersreturningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurshipwilldefinitelyusherinbroaderdevelopmentspaceandabetterfuture.四、农民工返乡创业模式研究AStudyontheEntrepreneur
38、shipModelforMigrantWorkersReturningHome在乡村振兴的大背景下，农民工返乡创业已成为推动乡村经济发展和转型升级的重要力量。对于农民工而言，返乡创业不仅是实现自身价值和追求更好生活的途径，也是推动家乡发展、助力乡村振兴的重要方式。Inthecontextofruralrevitalization,thereturnofmigrantworkerstotheirhometownsforentrepreneurshiphasbecomeanimportantforceinpromotingruraleconomicdevelopmentandtransformat
39、ionandupgrading.Formigrantworkers,returningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurshipisnotonlyawaytorealizetheirownvalueandpursueabetterlife,butalsoanimportantwaytopromotethedevelopmentoftheirhometownsandassistinruralrevitalization.农民工返乡创业的模式多种多样，主要包括个体经济、农民专业合作社、农业企业等。其中，个体工商户是最常见的创业形式，农民工通过开设小商店、餐馆、理发店等小
40、型商业实体，为乡村提供多样化的服务。农民专业合作社则是由农民自发组成的合作经济组织，通过集体经营、共担风险、共享收益的方式，发展特色农业、提高农产品附加值。农业企业则是由有一定资金和技术实力的农民工创办，通过规模化、产业化、品牌化的经营方式，推动乡村产业升级和农业现代化。Therearevariousmodelsformigrantworkerstoreturntotheirhometownsforentrepreneurship,mainlyincludingindividualeconomy,farmerprofessionalcooperatives,agriculturalenterp
41、rises,etc.Amongthem,individualbusinessesarethemostcommonformofentrepreneurship,andmigrantworkersprovidediversifiedservicestoruralareasbyopeningsmallcommercialentitiessuchasshops,restaurants,andhairsalons.Farmers,professionalcooperativesarecooperativeeconomicorganizationsformedspontaneouslybyfarmers,
42、whichdevelopcharacteristicagricultureandincreasetheaddedvalueofagriculturalproductsthroughcollectiveoperation,risksharing,andprofitsharing.Agriculturalenterprisesarefoundedbymigrantworkerswithcertainfinancialandtechnologicalstrength,andpromoteruralindustrialupgradingandagriculturalmodernizationthrou
43、ghlarge-scale,industrialized,andbrandedmanagementmethods.农民工返乡创业具有明显的优势。他们长期在外务工，积累了丰富的资金、技术和管理经验，为返乡创业提供了有力支持。农民工对家乡有深厚的感情，对乡村发展有独特的见解和热情，能够更好地结合当地资源和优势，发展特色产业。然而，农民工返乡创业也面临着诸多挑战，如资金短缺、人才匮乏、市场竞争激烈等。Migrantworkersreturningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurshiphaveobviousadvantages.Theyhavebeenworkingou
44、tsideforalongtimeandhaveaccumulatedrichfunds,technology,andmanagementexperience,providingstrongsupportforentrepreneurshipintheirhometowns.Migrantworkershaveadeepaffectionfortheirhometowns,uniqueinsightsandenthusiasmforruraldevelopment,andcanbettercombinelocalresourcesandadvantagestodevelopcharacteri
45、sticindustries.However,migrantworkersreturningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurshipalsofacemanychallenges,suchasfundingshortages,talentshortages,andfiercemarketcompetition.为了推动农民工返乡创业，助力乡村振兴，需要政府、社会和个人共同努力。政府应加大对农民工返乡创业的扶持力度，提供财政补贴、税收优惠、创业培训等政策支持；加强基础设施建设，改善乡村投资环境，吸引更多农民工返乡创业。社会各界也应积极参与农民工返乡创业，提供技术支持、
46、市场指导、人才培养等服务。农民工自身也应不断提升自身素质和能力，增强创业意识和创新精神，为乡村振兴贡献自己的力量。Inordertopromotethereturnofmigrantworkerstotheirhometownsforentrepreneurshipandassistinruralrevitalization,itisnecessaryforthegovernment,society,andindividualstoworktogether.Thegovernmentshouldincreasesupportformigrantworkersreturningtotheirho
47、metownstostartbusinesses,providingpolicysupportsuchasfinancialsubsidies,taxincentives,andentrepreneurshiptraining;Strengtheninfrastructureconstruction,improveruralinvestmentenvironment,andattractmoremigrantworkerstoreturntotheirhometownsforentrepreneurship.Allsectorsofsocietyshouldactivelyparticipat
48、eintheentrepreneurshipofmigrantworkersreturningtotheirhometowns,providingtechnicalsupport,marketguidance,talentcultivationandotherservices.Migrantworkersthemselvesshouldalsocontinuouslyimprovetheirownqualitiesandabilities,enhancetheirentrepreneurialawarenessandinnovativespirit,andcontributetheireffo
49、rtstoruralrevitalization.农民工返乡创业是推动乡村振兴的重要途径。通过深入研究农民工返乡创业的模式、优势和挑战，提出有效的策略和建议，可以推动农民工返乡创业健康发展，为乡村振兴注入新的活力和动力。Thereturnofmigrantworkerstotheirhometownsforentrepreneurshipisanimportantwaytopromoteruralrevitalization.Byconductingin-depthresearchonthemodels,advantages,andchallengesofmigrantworkersreturningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurship,andproposingeffectivestrategiesandsuggestions,wecanpromotethehealthydevelopmentofmigrantworkersreturningtotheirhometownsforentrepreneurship,injectingnewvital
