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1、名词性从句,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句.,1宾语从句；2主语从句；3表语从句；4同位语从句,主语从句,在另外一个句子中做主语的句子叫主语从句。How the book will sell depends on its author. That he is the best student in the class is obvious,主语从句常用it作形式主语放句首,因而我们常见到这种句式：It+be+n./adj/-ed从句（that, whether,etc.)例：Its a pity that you should have to leave. = That you shou
2、ld have to leave is a pity.It is great that I have a teacher like you.= That I have a teacher like you is great.,.主语从句的连接词,一、主语从句,连词that(无词义, 不作成分, 不能省略);whether(是否),if不能位于句首。That he will come and help us is certain.Whether we will succeed is still a question.It is not known if he will come.,注意: 已确定
3、的事由that引导; 没决定的事由whether引导.,3.连接副词when, where， why, how, how long, how often, how soon, how far, how many / much 等.,When the test will be given is not yet decided.How much we can spend must be agreed on.,2. 连接代词what, whatever, who, whoever, whose, which, whichever 等.,What he is has nothing to do wit
4、h you.Whose ticket this is has not been found out.,特殊句式,1.I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full（MET98） A. it B. that C. these D. them 2. I feel _ strange that he should be so careless. A. / B. it C. that D. how 3. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.（MET92） Awhile B. that Cif
5、 Dfor,为了使句子保持平衡，常用it来代替主语从句或宾语从句，而把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面，尤其是连词that引导的主语从句常用于此种句式中，但what，whatever，whoever，whichever引导的主语从句一般不后置。,请你归纳 ？,同位语从句,在一个更长的句子中作同位语使用的句子叫同位语从句。同位语与其前的词或短语表达的是同一事物。如：The fact that she is ill should be considered.,The news that our team has won the match is true.His delay is due to the
6、fact that the car went wrong halfway.,同位语从句,同位语从句一般跟在名词fact, news, promise, truth, belief, thought, idea,answer,information,doubt, knowledge, hope, law, opinion, plan, suggestion后面, 用以说明或解释前面的名词.,The Differences Between Appositive clauses and Attributive Clauses,怎样区别同位语从句与定语从句,同位语从句与定语 从句的不同之处,1、从句的
7、作用不同：同位语从句用来进一步 说明前面名词的内容；定语从句用来修饰、 限定前面的名词。,e.g. The news that our team has won the final matchis encouraging. （从句说明“消息”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。）The news that you told us is really encouraging.（从句对“消息”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。）,2、引导从句的关联词that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，既指代先行
8、词又须在从句中充当成分。,e.g.1) Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test. （that 不充当任何成分）2) Dad made a promise that excited all his children.（that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语。）,高一英语语法同步辅导,3、that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，故不能用which替换；而that引导定语从句时是代词，常可以和另一关系代词which替换。,e.g. The fact that he is fro
9、m Canada is new to me. （that不可换为which） The fact that surprised me is that he is not Chinese. （第一个that可换为which，第二个不行，因为它引导的是表语从句。）,4、引导同位语从句的关联词，除that外，还可以根据句义使用任何其它疑问代词或副词；而定语从句不可用what, how, whether等引导。,e.g. I had no idea at all what I should do next. There is no proof whether he was killed by other
10、s.,一.同位语从句注意点,Practice,I. Tell the function of the clauses in the following sentences 说出下列从句的功能：A: Appositive（同位语）; B: Attributive（定语）,His proposal that we go there on foot is acceptable.Many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online.3.The first request that he made
11、 was to ask for freedom. 4. Do you have any idea where we will be sent? 5. Is this the company where your father works? 6. This is the reason that he gave for his absence. 7. He made an excuse that his car broke down on the way.,1. The news _ another power station will be built cheered all the villa
12、gers.A which B that C what D whatever2 The news _ he told us is exciting. Which of the following is wrong?A what B C which D that,Exercises,B,A,II. Choose the best answer,1.They expressed the hope _they would come over to China. A. which B. that C. whom D. when2.The fact_ he didnt see Tom yesterday
13、is true. A. that B. which C. when D. what3.I have no idea _he will come back.A. where B. when C. what D. that,B,A,B,4.The news _ surprised everybody yesterday now proves to be false. A. that B. when C. what D. how 5.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right. A. what that B. that which C
14、. that what D. which that6.Word has come _ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week.A. what B. whether C. that D. which,A,C,C,what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语，而that 则不然。What引导的主语从句一般不可改为含形式主语的句子。例如： 1) What you said yesterday is right. 2) That she
15、 is still alive is certain.,It is right what you said yesterday.,It is certain that she is still alive.,1.用that 或what 填空,1. I wonder if this is _you are looking for.2. Our school is quite different from _ it was before.3. Father made a promise _ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer
16、.,what,what,that,4._ I cant understand is why he has changed his mind.5._ the earth is round is known to us all.归纳：,What,That,连词_在从句中不作成分，不含有疑问意义，而_在从句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。,that,what,1）_ you dont like him is none of my business. （S 92) A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether,高考题选萃,2)_ he said at the meeting aston
17、ished everybody present. ( 93) A.What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 3) Theres a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is - not ever. ( s2002） A. that B. which C. of which D. what,A,A,3.选择填空（what,whatever,who,whoever,1._ was said here must be kept secret.2. _we need is more time.3._ made the
18、 long distance call to him is not important.4._ breaks the law will be punished.,Whatever,What,Who,Whoever,_ 等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而_等引导的名词性从句都含有疑问意义。,请你归纳who,whoever/what,whatever ?,Whoever,whatever,Who, what,1._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.(s99)A.Who B. The one
19、C. Anyone D. Whoever,高考题选萃,2. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests.A.anyone B. whomever C.whoever D.no matter who,3.These wild flowers are so special, I would do _ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever,4. It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants.（NMET97） A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever,5. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.（MET88） A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who,请你归纳,在名词性从句中，除了关联词在从句之首外，其它部分应用_的语序。,陈述句,Thank you & Good bye!,
