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1、基于网络资源利用的数字信号处理课程教改试验研究翟因虎 潘保昌（广东工业大学信息工程学院，广东 广州，510006）摘要 文章介绍了数字信号处理课程基于网络资源利用的课程教学改革试验研究，包括强化师资队伍、完善教学文件、建设课程网站、改革教学模式、进行行动研究、建立评价体系等。关键词 数字信号处理 网络教学 教学改革中图分类号 G642 文献标识码 A数字信号处理是电子信息类专业的必修专业基础课程，是一门理论和实践密切结合的课程，它的理论基础是数理方法、电路分析基础、模拟电路、数字电路和信号与系统等课程，它采用数值计算的方法实现信号的处理，其实现方法有软件实现和硬件实现两种。课程的目的是：通过学
2、习掌握是数字信号处理的基础理论，熟练掌握数字滤波器的基本理论和设计方法，初步掌握是数字信号处理的软、硬件技术实现，培养学生能够从数学概念、物理概念及工程概念出发用数字方法去分析和解决信号处理问题。本文借助建构主义学习理论探索了在数字信号处理课程中加强学生实践创新的教育教学方法，包括转变教育观念、完善教学文件、建设课程网站、改革教学模式、进行行动研究和建立评价体系等。一、 课程教改方案的设计与实施1. 转变教育观念以前的教学方式是简单的粉笔式教学，严重影响了教学活动中的输出信息量，学生学的费力，老师教的费力。运用信息技术开展网络教学，教师必须具有较强的信息素养和网络教学能力；教师必须加强信息文化
3、的学习，掌握信息资源获取、分析、处理、使用和评价的能力；必须更新教育观念，树立起开放教育、提高素质的观念，学生主体、教师主导的观念，以人为本、终身教育的观念，强调教师自我训练，不断提高教学水平，把自己转变成熟悉网络教学的教师1、2。2. 完善教学文件在教材建设方面，密切联系本学科和交叉学科的国内外最新发展动态，选择了清华出版社教材数字信号处理教程，辅之以MIT大学等一些在数字信号处理教学中有重要影响的高校教材，并在现代信号处理、MATLAB辅助信号处理、DSP原理与应用等方面配合指定了大量教学参考书，使学生学习目的和发展方向明确化。同时提供相应的CAI课件、网络课程，以逐步形成立体化多媒体化的
4、教材体系。3.建设课程网站网络应用使学习活动更加自主化个性化，使教育的适应性得以大大加强。在设计数字信号处理课程网站的时候，充分考虑到网络的这一特点，力图充分利用网络的资源开放性，收稿日期：2006-09-10作者简介:翟因虎(1974-),男,广东工业大学信息工程学院教师,讲师；主要研究方向：数字信号处理技术。构建多媒体化的自主、协作学习情境。该网站主要有以下几个特点：一是比较丰富的教学资源：收集和选编国内外与课程内容相关的多媒体素材、课件、案例、试题库等，向学习者提供多方面的、多种呈现方式的、多层次的、丰富的学习资源。二是比较灵活的网络交流：本网站不仅仅实现了本课程的各个方面资源的表达共享
5、，还通过服务器端程序的编制，实现一个的交流平台BBS。通过在线交流，学生老师实现远程交互，反馈信息。因为有教学平台创设的学习环境，师生间、同学间可以开展实时或非实时的教学活动，进行讨论、答疑和交流信息，有利于实现协同学习、探究式学习和发现式学习。三是灵活的信息呈现：本网站综合运用图片、多格式文本FTP系统等各种技术，把课程的资料以丰富多彩的形式呈现给学生。34.改革教学模式信息技术与课程的整合不仅仅要求教学内容、手段和方法的变革，更强调教学结构和模式的根本改变。在建构主义理论的指导下，我们在教学中逐步推广教师主导学生主体，教学并重的教学模式，重视网络环境下的自主学习与协作学习，实现教师主导地位
6、和学生主体地位的和谐统一，从而培养学生的创新精神和独立分析问题、解决问题的能力。5. 进行行动研究教学内容上避免上来就大讲相对比较抽象和枯燥的理论教学内容，而是先讲现代数字信号处理应用实例等与就业有关的、实践性较强的知识，在吸引起学生的学习兴趣之后，才开始讲授理论教学内容，其间穿插比较有吸引力的MATLAB辅助信号处理，最后引入DSP原理与应用基本知识，与下学期的课程建立紧密的联系，提高了学生的后续学习动力。总之，课程内容体系要把基本知识与个体需要的知识相结合，系统知识和扩展能力的知识相结合，理论知识与实践训练相结合。教学手段上改变传统的粉笔式教学，逐步辅以图片、幻灯、录像、投影、CAI课件等
7、多媒体信息，让抽象的原理能够以形象实用的方式高效地展现。教学方法上在教师主讲的单一模式中，逐步渗入讨论式、启发式、参与式等多种教学方法。提倡组织学生利用网上工具数字化学习与传统学习结合，自主学习与协作学习结合。而且要强调学以致用，通过实际问题和激发学生的求知欲望，提高学生综合应用所学知识，分析和解决实际问题的能力。在与校教务处取得共识的前提下，改革考核方式，在传统闭卷考试模式的基础上，可灵活采用部分开卷，读书报告，课题小论文，口试等多种形式考察学生的综合素质。6. 建立评价体系教学过程是一个完整过程，在不同的教学阶段，都需要进行质量控制，所以必须建立一个高效而全面的评价体系。教学活动进行之前，
8、必须进行以问卷和座谈为主的摸底调查，了解原有教学现状，为课题研究提供依据，形成初步的改革方案。教学活动进行之中，必须邀请院校教学管理人员、相关的教学人员和学生对教学改革试验效果定期进行评估，对不足之处及时进行调整和改善。教学活动进行之后，也应当了解各个方面的反映，为下一学年的教学改革和保证在网络环境下的教学依然有良好的教学质量打好基础。二、 结语教改试验结果表明，基于网络资源利用的数字信号处理教改在转变学生学习态度与观念、提高学习成绩与专业技能方面和提高学生的信息技术的使用技能有着巨大的推动作用。参考文献1 李克东. 网络教学环境. 广东：暨南大学出版社，2002.15-202 蒋永平等. 网
9、络教学专业资源库系统的设计与开发，广东省高等教育技术年会论文集（光盘），20063“广东高校教育技术”网站，http:/www.gd-etc.org/new/index.php 2006-08-07Research of DSP teaching based on resources in InternetZhai Yinhu，Pan BaochangInformation School, Guangdong University of TechnologyAbstract: The paper described the research of teaching of digital sig
10、nal processing based on some important resources which are distributed in Internet. The contents of this paper are reinforcing teachers ability, improving and perfecting documents about teaching, developing course website, action research, establishing evaluation system.Key words: DSP, teaching by n
11、et, improvement of teachingEditors note: Judson Jones is a meteorologist, journalist and photographer. He has freelanced with CNN for four years, covering severe weather from tornadoes to typhoons. Follow him on Twitter: jnjonesjr (CNN) - I will always wonder what it was like to huddle around a shor
12、twave radio and through the crackling static from space hear the faint beeps of the worlds first satellite - Sputnik. I also missed watching Neil Armstrong step foot on the moon and the first space shuttle take off for the stars. Those events were way before my time.As a kid, I was fascinated with w
13、hat goes on in the sky, and when NASA pulled the plug on the shuttle program I was heartbroken. Yet the privatized space race has renewed my childhood dreams to reach for the stars.As a meteorologist, Ive still seen many important weather and space events, but right now, if you were sitting next to
14、me, youd hear my foot tapping rapidly under my desk. Im anxious for the next one: a space capsule hanging from a crane in the New Mexico desert.Its like the set for a George Lucas movie floating to the edge of space.You and I will have the chance to watch a man take a leap into an unimaginable free
15、fall from the edge of space - live.The (lack of) air up there .Watch man jump from 96,000 feet Tuesday, I sat at work glued to the live stream of the Red Bull Stratos Mission. I watched the balloons positioned at different altitudes in the sky to test the winds, knowing that if they would just line
16、up in a vertical straight line we would be go for launch.I feel this mission was created for me because I am also a journalist and a photographer, but above all I live for taking a leap of faith - the feeling of pushing the envelope into uncharted territory.The guy who is going to do this, Felix Bau
17、mgartner, must have that same feeling, at a level I will never reach. However, it did not stop me from feeling his pain when a gust of swirling wind kicked up and twisted the partially filled balloon that would take him to the upper end of our atmosphere. As soon as the 40-acre balloon, with skin no
18、 thicker than a dry cleaning bag, scraped the ground I knew it was over.How claustrophobia almost grounded supersonic skydiverWith each twist, you could see the wrinkles of disappointment on the face of the current record holder and capcom (capsule communications), Col. Joe Kittinger. He hung his he
19、ad low in mission control as he told Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunday.The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation
20、or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising al
21、titude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause), he can expect a lot of turbulence.The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet (22.7 miles/36.53 kilometers). Here, Fearless Felix wil
22、l unclip. He will roll back the door.Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.Below, the Earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, hell be traveling fast, so despite the distance,
23、it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end.Skydiver preps for the big jumpWhen he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow
24、 as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him completely.If he goes too fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team hopes its not needed. Instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot
25、 (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters).In order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He will have a reserve parachute that will open automatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds.Even if everything goes as pl
26、anned, it wont. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is guaranteed to work higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 meters).It might not be the moon, but Kittinger free fell from 102,800 feet in 1960 - at the dawn of an infamous space race that captured the hearts of many. Baumgartner will attempt to break that record, a feat that boggles the mind. This is one of those monumental moments I will always remember, because there is no way Id miss this.
