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1、Book6 unit 3 A Healthy LifeDesigner: zhaoshaozhen checker:xialinlin考情研究：近五年来，高考对本单元考查的知识点有：manage, feel like, take it easy,以及with形成的独立主格结构。命题前沿：预计2009年高考命题本单元重要的词汇due, addicted, accustomed, quit, risk, in spite of等是很好的命题点；特别是due一词，它的用法多样；介词in spite of常和regardless of 一起考查。一、单词拼写 根据词性和词义写出下列单词。1_ n. 香
2、烟；纸烟2._ adj. 性的；性别的3._ n. 压力；重音 vt. 加压力于4._ n.青少年adj.青春期的5._ adj. 成习惯而离不开的6._ adj. 通常的7._ adj.无意识的,自动的8._ adj. 精神的；智力的9._ vi. 办事,设法对付 vt. 管理 10._ adj. 怀孕的 11._ n. 药剂师；化学家12._ adj. 感到羞耻的13._ adv. 最后；终于14._ n. 生产；产量15._ adj. 不合法的；违法的16._ n. 针头；缝衣针17._ adj. 女性的；雌性的18._ adj. 完全的；完美的19._ n. 理解20_ n. 意见；判
3、决二、词组互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。1. _ 对有瘾，入迷2. _ 由于；归功于3. _ 的原因4. _ 习惯于5. _ 对造成伤害6. _ 对作出决定7. _ 对感到羞愧8. _ 不顾；不管9. _ 冒险10. _ 陷入；染上11. _ 代表12. go on a diet _ 13. remind of _ 14. reach for _15. feel like (doing) _三、核心单词1. stress n.压力；焦虑；强调；重要性；重读v. 强调Susan was completely weighed down by the stress of examinatio
4、ns. 苏珊被考试的压力压垮了。In the word mother the stress is on the first syllable. 在mother这一词里, 重音在第一个音节上。搭配 lay stress on 强调运用：(1)她很强调行为端正。_(2)英语老师强调了朗读的重要性。_2. manage v. 控制；处理；管理；能对付；成功地做用法： 补全中文翻译，看看manage在不同情景中的含义。(1) He managed the company when his father was away ill. 在他的父亲生病不在的时候，他_公司。(2) I believe you
5、can manage it. 我相信你_。(3) I cant manage another mouthful. 我一口也_了。(4) How did you manage to pay your debt? 你如何_你的债？比较:manage to do sth. (=succeed in doing sth. )设法做成某事(强调结果)try to do sth. 尽力做成某事(强调过程，不一定做成) fail to do sth. 没有做成某事运用：用manage, try, fail的适当形式填空。(1) They _ in vain to keep prices from risin
6、g. (2) In spite of these insults, she _ not to get angry. (3)Words _ to convey my meaning. 3. quitvi &vt. 离开，辞职，放弃,停止注意:quit用作及物动词后只能结doing 做宾语。运用：用quit翻译下面的句子。(1) 他退伍后得到现在这份工作. He got his present job when he _ the army. (2) 若不给我加薪, 我就不干了.If I dont get a pay rise Ill _. (3) 他并没有戒烟,但是已减到每天只抽三支烟了。He h
7、as not quit _, but is holding down to three cigarettes a day.(4) 为了能在午夜前到家不得不离开聚会I had to quit _ in order to be home by midnight.4. due n.应得之物; 应付款; adj.应得的; 应付的;预期的；适当的;用法：due指“应得的; 应付的;预期的”之意时，只能用作表语。当指适当的之意时，只作定语。搭配due to sth/doing sth 由于，因为due to sb 应支付/给予给某人的 due for sth 应得到的运用：用due的适当形式及搭配完成下面
8、的句子。(1) 我还没交会费.I havent paid my _ yet. (2)他得到了巨大的酬劳, 这至少是他应得的.He received a large reward, which was no more than his _, i.e. at least what he deserved. (3) 他们是否已得到了应得的钱?Have they been paid the money_ them? (4) 她不久就要晋升了Shes _ promotion soon.(5)我的租金星期三才到期.My rent isnt _ till Wednesday. (6)经适当考虑之后，我决定和
9、他一起去。after _, I decided to go with him.5. addicted adj. 沉溺于的搭配：be/become/get addicted to沉溺于，醉心于He is addicted to computer games.他迷上了电脑游戏。拓展: (1)addict n.对入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人a work addict 工作狂。(2)addict vt.使沉溺，使入迷，使醉心addict oneself to 沉溺于 运用：翻译下面的句子。(1)很多年轻人沉迷于上网。_(2)一旦你染上了毒瘾，你就很难把它戒掉。_6. accustomed adj. 习惯于联
10、想 accustom v. 使习惯于搭配 be accustomed to 习惯于 accustom sb./ oneself to sth. 使习惯于运用：翻译下面的句子。(1)这些人惯于艰苦的工作。_(2)你很快就习惯新环境的。_7. eventuallyadv. 最后; 终于拓展: at last, at length, eventually, finally, in the end, lastly 这些词或词组均含有“最后，终于”之意。 运用：完成下面的句子。(1) 他工作太卖力，以致最后自己病倒了。_ he made himself ill.(2)终于她得到一项工作并且搬家到了伦敦。
11、_四、重要词组1. due to 因为，由于The teams success was largely due to her efforts.该队的成功很大程度上取决于她的努力。说明：due to多用于be后，即构成be due to sth.(是因为)，而owing to则不用于be后；在其他动词后用due to, owing to, because of都可以。He arrived late due to /owing to /because of the storm.由于暴风雨，他来迟了。比较：be due (to do) 预期(做)，约定(做)，应该(做)We are due to l
12、eave tomorrow. 我们定于明天动身。运用：用due to翻译下列句子。(1)这本书预期十月出版。_(2)该车祸是由于司机的大意引起的。This accident _(3)我们幸福的童年应归功于父亲的辛勤工作。Our happy childhood_2. be addicted to 沉溺于，对上瘾用法: to 是介词，其后接名词、代词或动词的ing形式运用：完成下列句子。(1) 一些青少年对抽烟上了瘾。Some teenagers are addicted to .(2) 她热衷于摇滚乐She rock music.3. be accustomed to 习惯于用法: to 是介词
13、，其后接名词、代词或动词的ing形式，其意义与be used to 一样，只不过be accustomed to 是书面语，be used to 是口头语。运用：请用该词组翻译下列句子。(1)我不习惯被人打断说话。I_ being interrupted.(2) 他对孤独已经习以为常。He _ _.(3) 我习惯于长距离步行。I_.联想:(A)请补全to 是介词的词组。(1) be _ to 等于(2 )be _ to 沉溺于(3) be _ to 反对(4) be_ to与有关(5) _ to 导致(6) _ to指，涉及，参考 (7) _ to 反对 (8) _ to 坚持4. decid
14、e on / against (doing)sth. / sb. 决定谋事When we were informed that the financial support will be continued, we decided against canceling the plan. 当得知会有后续的财政支持时，我们决定不取消计划。运用：补全句子。面试了所有候选人后，我们决定要北大毕业的那一位。 After _ all the _,we _ the one _ Beijing University.5. in spite of 尽管；不管；不顾；后接sth.或doing sth.运用：补全句
15、子。尽管在世界杯中败北，此队并没气馁。_ the match in the World Cup, the team _. 6. feel like sth/doing sth想要/喜欢做某事用法:后可接名词短语；后若接动词，须用动词ing形式；常用于疑问句或否定句中。运用：请用该词组翻译下列句子。(1) 你想喝点茶吗？Do you_?(2) 你想去散步吗？Do you feel like_? (3) 我不喜欢喝茶。I dont feel like_.7. take risks=take a risk冒险做某事运用：请用该词组完成下列句子。(1) 人不冒险不富。 You cant get ric
16、h_. (2) 那是我愿意冒险做的事情。Thats _Im prepared to take. 8. at risk有危险；冒风险拓展: 熟悉关于risk的短语。at ones own risk 自担风险at the risk of doing sth冒可能（做某事）的危险:at risk to sb/sth 冒失去或殃及某人某事物的危险:run the risk of doing sth 冒自身危险做某事risk doing sth 冒险做某事运用：请用risk词组完成下列句子。(1) 公司的整个前途受到威胁。The whole future of the company_. (2) 游泳者
17、超越此界限若有意外後果自负。Persons swimming beyond this point do so_. (3) 他冒着极大的生命危险救了那个孩子。He saved the child_. (4) 我们不能冒失掉全部钱的风险。We cant losing all that money_. 9. get into the habit of /fall into the habit of/form the habit of 养成的习惯拓展: break sb of a habit 使某人改掉某种习惯.运用：请完成下列句子。(1) 我已养成一到家就打开电视机的习惯. I _ switchin
18、g on the TV as soon as I get home. (2) 他有早起的习惯。_(3) 我的同事已经戒掉了吸烟的习惯。My colleague_ the habit of smoking.10. stand for 代表；为某事物的缩写；赞成；支持拓展 与stand相关的搭配stand in for 代替stand out 显眼；突出；远远超过stand by 袖手旁观；严阵以待stand by sb. 支持；帮助stand by sth. 信守；遵守运用：请完成下列句子。这个年轻人在新雇佣的人员当中很突出。_11. do damage to伤害拓展: do sth to sb
19、 结构归纳（这一结构也可说成do sb sth）do good to sb/sth _ do wrong to sb/sth _ do harm to sb/sth _ do honour to sb_ 运用：请完成下列句子。(1) 这一事故把汽车损坏得很厉害。The accident _ to the car. (2) 他在科学上的贡献为祖国增了光。His contributions to science _ our country. (3) 他真的是太冤屈她了He _ a terrible_ (4) 那样的书对年青人危害很大。Such books _ young people _. (5)
20、 你要继续进行这种疗法。它对你是有效的。Go on with the treatment. It is _. 12. it句型大归纳(1). It is + 被强调部分 + that . 该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。把这种句型结构划掉后，留下的应该是一个完整的句子，这是判断该句是强调句型还是其它从句的方法。 It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was m
21、ade. It was they that (who) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father. (2). It is not until + 被强调部分 + that . 直到才该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强调时间状语，可以说是 not . until . 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.= Not until she t
22、ook off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.= I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. (3). It is clear (obvious, true, possible, certain.) that . 是清楚（显然，确切，肯定）的该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，是主语从句最常见的一种结构。 It is very clear that hes round
23、 and tall like a tree. = That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear. (4). It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural.) that .该句型和3同属一个句型。that 后的从句中需用虚拟语气should + 动词原形（should 可省去）。It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these wor
24、ds. (5). It is said (reported, learned.) that . 据说（据报道，据悉）该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句。It is said that he has come to Beijing. It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.(6). It is suggested ( ordered . ) that . 据建议；有命令该句型同属上。主句中的过去分词表示请求，建议，命令等意，that后的从句要用虚拟语气should + 动
25、词原形（should 可省去）。It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. (7). It is a pity ( a shame . ) that . 竟然该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气should + 动词原形（should可省去）,表示出乎意料。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your
26、class.这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！ It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遗憾！ (8). It is time ( about time ,high time ) that . 是（正是）的时侯了该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是 常用过去时态表示虚拟 有时也用should + 动词原形，should 不能省。It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed. (9). It is the first ( seco
27、nd . ) time that . 是第一（二）次该句型要和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中的 that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中 that 可以省去；it有时用 this 替换。 It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here. (10). It is . since .该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段时间的时间状语
28、连用的问题。主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时或完成时，since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。 It is ( has been ) 5 years since his father died. (11). It is . when . 当的时候，是该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的 it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。It was 5 oclock when he came here. (12). It be . before . 才；就该句型主句中的 it 指时间, 主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时
29、态主句中的表语多是long, not long , 3 days , 2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或短语。It was quite a long time before he realized his mistake. It will be not long before he finishes his job. (13). It happens (seems, looks, appears ) that. 碰巧；看来该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen , seem等词是不及物动词 It happened ( so happened ) that he
30、 met his teacher in the street. It seems that he will be back in a few days. (14). It takes sb. . to do sth. 做要花费某人该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，it是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间。 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. (15). It is no good (use ) doing sth.该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是no good , ( not any goo
31、d ) , no use , ( not any use )。 It is no good learning English without speaking English. (16). It doesnt matter whether ( if ) . 不论（是否）没关系该句型中whether(if) 引导的从句是真正主语。 It doesnt matter if they are old. (17). It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth.该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有
32、： bad , brave , careless, clever , cruel , foolish , good （好心的）, honest , horrible , kind , lazy , modest , naughty , nice（有教养的）, polite, rude , silly , stupid , wise , wrong（错误的）等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. (18). It is necessary ( for sb
33、. ) to do sth.该句型同上。如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示事情的重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有： important, necessary, natural easy , safe , common , normal , hard , difficult , dangerous , unusual, rare , impossible , pleasant等。 在中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写， 如： It is important for her to come to the party. = It is impo
34、rtant that she (should ) come to the party= That she (should) come to the party is important. (19). It looks ( seems) as if . 看起来好象该句型中it无意义。 as if 引导一个状语从句。如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气 It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了） It looks as if he were ill. （没有生病） It seemed as if he were dying. (20). We think it important
35、to learn a foreign language.该句型中的it 做形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为6123结构。6指主句中常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel；1指的是形式宾语it； 2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。 We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. He felt it important learning English well. They found it
36、difficult that they would finish their work in two days.3. Doing vocabulary and grammar exercisesNow its time to do the vocabulary and grammar exercises on page 20 &21. Write your answers just in the blanks on the very pages of 20&21. 4. Closing down by taking a quiz高考单选题中的“it”1. In fact _ is a hard
37、 job for the police to keep order in an important football match. (2001上海)A. this B. that C. there D. it 2. The parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in. (2001全国) A. they B. it C. one D. which 3. He was nearly drowned once. When was _? _ was in 1998 when he wa
38、s in middle school. (2002京蒙皖春招)A. that, It B. this, This C. this, It D. that, This 4. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _.(2002全国) A. it what to do with B. what to do it with C. what to do with it D. to do what with it 5. Bills aim is to inform the viewers that cig
39、arette advertising on TV is illegal, _?(2004上海) A. isnt it B. is it? C. isnt he D. is he 6. The Foreign Minister said, “_ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” (2004北京) A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is 7. Do you like _ here?Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice. (2004全国II) A. this B. these C. that D. it 8. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (2004全国I) A. this B. that C. it D. one 9. That was reall
