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1、away. One-third of the nation felt it .A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses,roads and canals.Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In fifteen terrible seconds a large lay in ruins.The suffering of the people wa
2、s extreme. Tow-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.Thounds of families were killed and many chidren were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.But how could the survivors believe it was natural?Everywhere they looked nea
3、rly everything was destroyed. All of the citys hospitals,75%of its factories and buildings and 90%of its homes were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. No wind, however,could below they away. Two dams and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for travelling. The railway
4、tracks were now useless pieces of steel. Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again. Half a million pigs and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were shocked. Then later that afternoon,another big quake which was almost as strong as the first
5、 one shook Tangshan. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. More buildings fell down. Water,food, and eletricity were hard to get. People began to wongder how long the disater would last. All hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soliders to Ta
6、ngshan to help the rescue workers. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. The army organized teams to dig out those were trapped and to bury the dead. To the north of the city, most of the 10,000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes ha
7、d been destroyed. Fresh water was taken to the city by train,truck and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again. A SAFE HOME It is sad but that people die in earthquakes from falling furniture and bricks. Earthquake safety is very important and there is more to it than just keeping buildings f
8、rom falling down. So if your home is in an earthquake area,you should prepare carefully before the earthquake comes. First, make sure you buy a house which is earthquake safe. All pipes should be fixed to the wall and all walls should be especially thick and strong. You also have to make sure that t
9、here are bolts underneath your house. They are one of the most important ways of protecting a house. Make sure the building has no breaken windows and is well repaired. Second ,look at the objects in your house. Those in the living room,which are the most likely to hurt us, are computers, television
10、s and lamps. They can be tied to tables or them so they wont easily move around. The kitchen, which is also very dangerous, must have strong doors on all the cupboards. This is the place where many small things are stored that might fall down. The water heater should have a case round it too. Window
11、s are special problem. When they break, glass can cause many accidents,. It is better to use safety glass if you can, especially for pictures. Always remember:” It is better to be safe than sorry.” THE STORY OF AN EYEWITNESSBy Jack London Never before in history has a city been so completely destroy
12、ed. San Francisco is gone. Nothing is left of it but memories and some houses far from the centre of the city. Its buniness are gone. The factories,hotelsand palace are all gone too. Within an hour after the earthquake, the smoke of SanFrancios fires could been seen 160 kilometres away. The sun is r
13、ed in the dark sky. There was no stopping the fires. There was no way to organize or communicate. The steel railway tracks were now useless. And the great pipes for carrying water under the streets had burst. All of the ways man had made to keep the city safe were gone in the thirty second the earth
14、 moved. Out at sea it was calm. No wind came up. Yet from every direction-east,weast,north,andsouth,strong winds blew upon the unlucky city. Man himself had to make ruins of the citys best buildings so that they would not be a danger to those in the streets. A list of buildings undesteryed was now o
15、nly a few addresses. A list of the brave men and the women would fill a library. A list of all those killed will never be made. Amazing as it may seem, Wednesday night was a quiet night. There were no crowds. The policemen saidnothing; even their horses were quit. There were no shouts or people doin
16、g crazy things. In all those terrible hours I saw not one woman who cried, not one man who was excited. Before the fires, through the night, thousands and thousands of people who had lost their homes left for safety. Some were covered in blankets. Sometimes whole families put everything they owned a
17、nd could save into wagons. They helped one another climb the high hills around the city. Never in all SanFrsncios histroy were her people so kind as on that terrible night.Unit 5Elias storyMy name is Elias. I am a poor worker in SouthAfrica. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very diffic
18、ult period of my life. I was twelve years old. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems. He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.I needed his help because I had very little education. I
19、 began school at six. The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away. I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare. I could not read or write well. After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine. However, this was a time when one
20、 had to got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. Sadly I did not have it because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work.The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. He told me how to get the correct papers so I could stay in Johannesburg.
21、 I became more hopeful about my future. I never forgot how kind Mandela was. When he organized the ANC Youth League, I joined it as soon as I could. He said:“ The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress,until today we have reached a stage where we hav
22、e almost no rights at all.”It was the truth. Black people could not vote or choose their leaders. They could not get the jobs they wanted. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people. The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of Sou
23、th Africa. No one could grow food there,. In fact as Nelson Mandela said:“ We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. We chose to attack the laws. We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful; when this was not allowed only the
24、n did we decide to answer violence with violence.”As a matter of fact, I do not like violence but in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings. It was very dangerous because if I was caught I could be put in prison. But I was very happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our d
25、ream of making black and white people equal.The rest of Elias storyYou cannot imagine how the name of Robben Island made us afraid. It was a prison from which no one escaped. There I spent the hardest time of my life. But when I got there Nelson Mandela was also there and he helped me. Mr Mandela be
26、gan a school for those of us who had little learning. We read books under our blankets and used anything we could find to make candles to see the words. I became a good student. I wanted to study目 录第一章 总 论1一、项目概况1二、编制的依据3三、编制原则及研究范围3四、主要技术经济指标4五、研究结论5第二章 项目建设的必要性及可行性分析6一、*中学的现状6二、项目建设的必要性8三、项目建设的可行性
27、8四、总结9第三章 项目选址及建设条件10一、建设选址10二、建设条件11第四章 建设内容和工程设计方案12一、设计原则12二、设计规范13三、建设内容和规模14四、建筑工程14五、给排水工程18六、供电工程19七、采暖20八、消防21第五章 环境保护22一、环保设计采用的标准22二、环境环境影响分析及治理措施22第六章 节能26一、设计依据26二、设计原则26三、节能措施26第七章 项目组织与管理28一、组织机构28二、项目管理30三、项目监督31第八章 项目实施进度32一、项目建设工期32二、项目实施进度安排32三、项目实施进度表33四、招标要求33第九章 投资估算和资金筹措36一、编制依
28、据36二、建设投资估算37三、投资估算表37四、资金筹措方案42第十章 社会效益43一、项目对社会的影响分析43二、项目所在地相互适应分析45三、社会评价结论46第十一章 结论46附图附件away. One-third of the nation felt it .A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses,roads and canals.Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became r
29、ivers of dirt. In fifteen terrible seconds a large lay in ruins.The suffering of the people was extreme. Tow-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.Thounds of families were killed and many chidren were left without parents. The number of people who were killed or injured reached m
30、ore than 400,000.But how could the survivors believe it was natural?Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. All of the citys hospitals,75%of its factories and buildings and 90%of its homes were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. No wind, however,could below they
31、away. Two dams and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for travelling. The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel. Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again. Half a million pigs and millions of chickens were dead. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People wer
32、e shocked. Then later that afternoon,another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. More buildings fell down. Water,food, and eletricity were hard to get. People began to wongder how long the disater
33、would last. All hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soliders to Tangshan to help the rescue workers. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. The army organized teams to dig out those were trapped and to bury the dead. To the north of the city, most of the 10,000 mine
34、rs were rescued from the coal mines there. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Fresh water was taken to the city by train,truck and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again. A SAFE HOME It is sad but that people die in earthquakes from falling furniture and bri
35、cks. Earthquake safety is very important and there is more to it than just keeping buildings from falling down. So if your home is in an earthquake area,you should prepare carefully before the earthquake comes. First, make sure you buy a house which is earthquake safe. All pipes should be fixed to t
36、he wall and all walls should be especially thick and strong. You also have to make sure that there are bolts underneath your house. They are one of the most important ways of protecting a house. Make sure the building has no breaken windows and is well repaired. Second ,look at the objects in your h
37、ouse. Those in the living room,which are the most likely to hurt us, are computers, televisions and lamps. They can be tied to tables or them so they wont easily move around. The kitchen, which is also very dangerous, must have strong doors on all the cupboards. This is the place where many small th
38、ings are stored that might fall down. The water heater should have a case round it too. Windows are special problem. When they break, glass can cause many accidents,. It is better to use safety glass if you can, especially for pictures. Always remember:” It is better to be safe than sorry.” THE STOR
39、Y OF AN EYEWITNESSBy Jack London Never before in history has a city been so completely destroyed. San Francisco is gone. Nothing is left of it but memories and some houses far from the centre of the city. Its buniness are gone. The factories,hotelsand palace are all gone too. Within an hour after th
40、e earthquake, the smoke of SanFrancios fires could been seen 160 kilometres away. The sun is red in the dark sky. There was no stopping the fires. There was no way to organize or communicate. The steel railway tracks were now useless. And the great pipes for carrying water under the streets had burs
41、t. All of the ways man had made to keep the city safe were gone in the thirty second the earth moved. Out at sea it was calm. No wind came up. Yet from every direction-east,weast,north,andsouth,strong winds blew upon the unlucky city. Man himself had to make ruins of the citys best buildings so that
42、 they would not be a danger to those in the streets. A list of buildings undesteryed was now only a few addresses. A list of the brave men and the women would fill a library. A list of all those killed will never be made. Amazing as it may seem, Wednesday night was a quiet night. There were no crowd
43、s. The policemen saidnothing; even their horses were quit. There were no shouts or people doing crazy things. In all those terrible hours I saw not one woman who cried, not one man who was excited. Before the fires, through the night, thousands and thousands of people who had lost their homes left f
44、or safety. Some were covered in blankets. Sometimes whole families put everything they owned and could save into wagons. They helped one another climb the high hills around the city. Never in all SanFrsncios histroy were her people so kind as on that terrible night.Unit 5Elias storyMy name is Elias.
45、 I am a poor worker in SouthAfrica. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. I was twelve years old. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems. He was generous wi
46、th his time, for which I was grateful.I needed his help because I had very little education. I began school at six. The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away. I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare. I could not read o
47、r write well. After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine. However, this was a time when one had to got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. Sadly I did not have it because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work.The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was
48、 one of my happiest. He told me how to get the correct papers so I could stay in Johannesburg. I became more hopeful about my future. I never forgot how kind Mandela was. When he organized the ANC Youth League, I joined it as soon as I could. He said:“ The last thirty years have seen the greatest nu
49、mber of laws stopping our rights and progress,until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.”It was the truth. Black people could not vote or choose their leaders. They could not get the jobs they wanted. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people. The places outside the
