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1、否定前缀,Prefixes indicating negation,否定前缀：在单词的词首加上一个表示相反 含义的词缀。常见否定前缀：dis-;il-,im-,in-,ir-;un-;non-;mis-等；否定前缀翻译：“非”、“无”、“不（是）”、“未”等。,1.dis-常加在名、形、动之前。如：,disagree(ment)(分歧；不赞同)discourage vt.使气馁disagreeable adj.不愉快的disadvantage(不利条件；缺点)disorder 无秩序disappear(v.消失)discomfort（n.不舒适 vt.使不舒适）dishonest(adj.不诚
2、实的)dislike(v.不喜欢)但unlike prep 不像dissatisfactory adj.不令人满意的 但un/dissatisfieddiscover vt 发现但uncover 揭露，暴露,2.in-;il-,im-,ir-(in-在辅音n,l,m,p,r前要变体)加在形容词、名词、副词上,inexpensive in/unequal 不平等的incorrect invalid无效的indifferent 冷漠的inaccurate不准确的inactive，indirectinvisible,incredible，incurable,a.im-常加在以字母m-,p-开头的形容
3、词之前：,impossible(不可能的)impolite(无礼的；粗鲁的)impatient imbalanced（adj.不平衡的）但：unparallel不平行的 unpleasant unpopular nonpoisonous无毒的,b.il-,ir-加在l和r开头的形容词之前,illegal（非法的)illogical（不合逻辑的）irregular（不规则）irresponsible irrelevantilliterate 不识字的irrelative无关的,但：unreasonable不合理的，不公道的,3.un-加在形容词、副词、名词及用于作形容词的分词上,unhappin
4、ess 不幸福 unusual 不寻常的；罕见的 unimportant 不重要的 unfriendly 不友好的 uncomfortable 不舒服的 但discomfort n/vt unsafe 不安全的 unwelcome 不受欢迎的 uncommon 不常见的 unaware 没意识到的,不舒适；使不舒服,unhealthy(不健康的；不益于健康的)unable(无能的；不会的)但:disability 残疾unfair(不公平的；不公正的)unfamiliar(不熟悉的；没有经验的)unnecessary(不必要的)unfortunate(不幸的)但misfortune灾难，厄运u
5、nreal不真实uncertain unforgettable unfit un/inequal 不平等的,un-用于动词之前表示做相反的动作,lock v.锁,锁上 unlockvt.开.锁cover vt.覆盖 uncovervt.揭开,揭露fold v.折叠 unfold v.打开dress v.穿衣 undress vt.使脱衣服load v.装载 unload v.卸货,un-未（主要用于过去分词之前）,unexpected 未预料到）unlocked 未上锁的 uneducated 未受教育的 undecided 未决定的 unfinished 未完成的 uncrowded 不拥挤
6、的undoubted 无疑的 unmarried 未结婚的,4.non-加在名、形、副或作形容词的分词前，表“无，抗，防，非，没”之意,nonsense（n.胡说、废话）non-violent（adj.非暴力的)nonpoisonous无毒的 nonexistent不存在的nonsmoking 不准吸烟的nonstop a.直达的,5.ab-,ab-加在词根前，表示相反，离去”如：abnormal（ab+normal 正常的）反常的abuse滥用、错误使用、虐待,6.mis加在动词、名词之前,misunderstand 误解misjudge 误判misleading 误导misfortune
7、不幸,Exx:根据语境，用所给词的否定形式填空1It is _(legal)to drive after drinking alcohol.酒后开车不合法。2_(lead)advertisements are not allowed by law.误导的广告为法律所不允许。3It is _(reasonable)to stick to this absurd proposal.坚持这种荒谬的建议是不合理的。4There exists the _(balance)between the rich and poor countries.富国与穷国之间存在着不平衡。5.The government
8、_(close)that another ambassador had been arrested for spying.政府公开另一个外交大使园间谍罪被逮捕。,illegal,Misleading,irresponsible,imbalanced,disclosed,6His identity is _(know)to us so we have to confirm.他的身份为我们所不知，所以我们得证实。7He seems to be _(aware)of the trouble he is making.他似乎不知道他正造成的麻烦。8Jim is _(patient)with his l
9、ittle sister who is so noisy.吉姆对他吵闹的小妹妹不耐烦。9The _(expect)death of her son made hei sad.她儿子意外的死亡使她伤心。10.Her illness had made her completely _(mobile)她的病使得她完全不能活动了。,unknown,unaware,impatient,unexpected,immobile,11Running a business without a budget(预算)is _(practical)经营生意而没有预算是不实际的。12The bright dress i
10、s _(proper)for a funeral.鲜艳的衣服对葬礼来说不合适。13Students get a _(count)of 25%on plane tickets.学生享有25%的机票折扣。14The water is _(fit)for drinking and you have to gowithout water.这水不适宜饮用，你只能不喝水了。15.You must be _(literate)if you have not heard of Shakespeare.如果你没听说过莎士比亚，那你一定是文盲的。,impractical,improper,discount,unf
11、it,illiterate,16He _(like)wearing a tie，so you will never see him in tie.17_(amaze/surprise),he should lose his temper in public.18_(expect),the injured athlete came first in the 100meter dash.19The mother _(dress)her baby and gave it a bath.20.This delay was _(avoidable)so we had to be patient.延迟不可
12、避免,所以我们得耐心,dislikes,Amazingly,Unexpectedly,undressed,unavoidably,21His income is _(adequate)to meet his basic needs and he has to find another job.他的收入不足以满足基本要求，他得再找份工作。22.Its _(honesty)to lie about ones age.谎报自己的年龄是不诚实的。23The injured man was _(capable)of walking,so he had to be carried.那个受伤的人不能走路，所以他得被人背着。24He was _(ability)to sleep at night because of his anxiety.由于焦虑，晚上他不能入睡。25.The fish is a bit _(smell).We cant eat it.,inadequate,dishonest,incapable,unable,smelly,Assignment today:P154,
