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1、(2009年四川卷)假设你是李华。你的外国笔友Jane打算于七月来中国，特来信了解中国人的社交习俗。请你用英语回一封信，从以下几个方面作具体介绍。1.见面时的问候方式；2.对赞美的回答方式；3.接收礼物时的回应方式；4.餐宴礼节。,注意：1.词数100左右，信的开头和结束语已为你写好(不计入总词数)；2.可根据内容要点适当增加细节，使行文连贯。Dear Jane，Glad to hear from you and youre welcome to China in July._,I hope whats mentioned above might be helpful and wish you
2、 a good journey.Yours sincerely，Li Hua,Dear Jane，Glad to hear from you and youre welcome to China in July.The following are some Chinese customs.,Firstly，we greet each other by saying“Hello”or asking such questions as“Where are you going？”or“Are you busy？”to express our care.Secondly，when praised，we
3、 reply with“Oh，no！”or“Im overpraised”to show good manners.Next，when receiving a gift，we usually say“Its unnecessary”besides“Thanks”to show politeness and then put it away.Finally，at dinner parties，we talk loudly and touch glasses when drinking to someones health or success to show that were warm.,An
4、yhow，different cultures，different customs.If you“Do as the Romans do when in Rome”，youll enjoy more of your stay here.I hope whats mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a good journey.Yours sincerely，Li Hua,.重要单词聚焦1adj.科学的2 vt.&vi.结束；推断出3 n.结束；结论4 vt.分析5 vt.打败；战胜；使受挫 n.失败,scientific,conclude
5、,conclusion,analyse,defeat,6 adj.熟练的；经验或知识丰富的n.专家；行家7 vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加8n.医生；内科医师9 vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光10n.治愈；痊愈11 n.&vt.挑战，向挑战12 vt.吸收；吸引；使专心13 vt.怀疑n.被怀疑者,expert,attend,physician,expose,cure,challenge,absorb,suspect,14 vt.预见；预知15 vt.责备；谴责n.过失；责备16 vt.污染；弄脏17 n.柄；把手 vt.处理；操纵18 vt.&n.连接；联系19 vt.宣布；通告20vt.命令；指示
6、；教导21n.建设；建筑物,foresee,blame,pollute,handle,link,announce,instruct,construction,22 vt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助23 adj.积极的；肯定的；确实的24 adj.热情的；热心的25 adj.小心的；谨慎的26 vt.拒绝，不接受；抛弃,contribute,positive,enthusiastic,cautious,reject,.重点短语扫描1put 提出2.to 使显露；暴露3apart 除之外；此外4make 讲得通；有意义5draw a 得出结论6link.将和联系或连接起来7be with.对严格的8
7、make for 为腾地方9be to 应受谴责，应负责任,forward,expose,from,sense,conclusion,to,strict,room,blame,10be 违背，反对11point of 态度，观点，看法12slow 减速13lead 通向，导致14look 调查,against,view,down,to,into,.课文原句突破1Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.信息提取neither.nor.既不，也不，连接句中两个相同成分。例句仿写我既不想知道，也不关心。Neither do I want to kn
8、ow it，_ _ _ _ _ _.【答案】nor do I care about it,2So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.信息提取every(each，any，next，first，last)time作连词使用，引导时间状语从句。例句仿写杰克每次来城里都会来看望我。Jack _ _ _ _ _ _ _he comes to town.【答案】will drop in on me every time,3The first suggested that cholera mul
9、tiplied in the air.信息提取suggest vt.暗示，表明了。例句仿写他脸上的表情说明他非常高兴。The look on his face _ _ _ _.【答案】suggested that he was happy,4Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.信息提取only介词短语/状语从句/副词放在句首时后面(主)句用倒装语序。例句仿写我只有找到工作才能弄到足够的钱继续大学的学业。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _to
10、continue my studies at college.【答案】Only if I get a job can I have enough money,conclude vt.&vi.(1)断定，推断,These are facts；what do you conclude from them?这些都是事实，你能从中得出什么结论？After waiting for half an hour，I concluded that he wouldnt come at all.等了半个小时后，我断定他不会来了。,(2)使结束，终止Let me conclude my speech with a
11、saying：Where there is a will，there is a way.让我用一句谚语结束我的演讲：有志者，事竟成。,conclusion n结束，结论in conclusion最后，总之arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论come to the conclusion that.所得结论是I came to the conclusion that he was lying.我看他是在说谎。,1Ann seems to be upset.Whats up?She_from the voice on the line that
12、her mother is not satisfied with her test scores.AincludesBconcludesCsuggests Dcontains【解析】下句意为：她根据电话中的声音判定母亲对她的考试成绩不满意。【答案】B,defeat(1)vt.打败；战胜；使受挫Zhang Yining defeated Li Jiawei with difficulty in the 29th Olympics.张怡宁在第29届奥运会上艰难地战胜了李佳薇。The problem has defeated me and I cant solve it.这个问题把我难住了，我无法解
13、决它。Lack of money defeated my plan.缺钱使我的计划落空。,(2)n.失败，击败，挫折Our baseball team has suffered another defeat.我们的棒球队再次失败。,辨析：win，beat与defeat(1)win的意思是“赢”“获胜”“得到成功”，在作为及物动词时，它的宾语往往是奖品、奖学金、名誉、财产、战争或运动等。win后不能接人(对手)，如不说win sb.。win the race/the battle/the war/a prize/the game/a medal/success/friendship/reward
14、赢得了比赛/战斗/战争/奖品/比赛/奖牌/成功/友谊/奖赏Our team won the game by 8 to 7.我们队以8比7赢了那场比赛。,(2)beat译成汉语也有“赢”“取胜”“战胜”之意。但跟win的用法不同，这个动词后面跟的是比赛、竞争中的对手或战争中的敌人。但beat还有连续敲打，(心脏)跳动之意。You beat me in the race，but Ill beat you at tennis.赛跑我输给了你，但打网球我会赢你。He was so nervous that he could feel his heart beating faster.他如此紧张，以至于
15、能感到自己的心跳加快了。,(3)defeat本来用于描述战争中打败敌人，现在可与beat换用，以表示击败对手。He was badly defeated/beaten in the election.他在选举中惨败。,2Deng Yaping_her competitor and got the first place in the game.Awon BdefeatCbeat Dhit【解析】“击败对手”可用beat或defeat，但由got可知，空白处应用过去时，若选B，则应为defeated。【答案】C,expose vt.暴露，揭露，使曝光，使面临expose sth./sb./one
16、self(to)显露或暴露某事物/某人/某人自己Dont expose your baby to the sun.不要把你的婴儿暴露在阳光下。The film has been exposed.这胶卷已经曝光了。We want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as possible.我们想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化的熏陶。,Dont expose yourself to the sun for too long.You will get burnt.别在太阳下晒得太久，你会被晒伤的。,3_the sun for too much
17、 time will do great harm to your skin.AExposed to BBeing exposed toCExposing to DTo expose to【解析】该句意为：“在阳光下暴晒很长时间有害于皮肤。”此题考查分词短语作主语。【答案】B,blame(1)vt.责备；谴责；把归咎于,She blamed him for the failure of their marriage.她把婚姻的触礁归咎于他。The police blamed the traffic accident on Jacks careless driving.警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克
18、的粗心驾驶。Who is to blame for the accident?谁该为这次事故负责任。The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident.这位司机不应承担交通事故。,(2)n.责备，责难You must bear the blame for the accident.你必须承担这次事故的责任。,4.(2006年安徽卷)Mr Green stood up in defence of the 16yearold boy，saying that he was not the one _.Ablamed BblamingCto bla
19、me Dto be blamed【解析】he was not the one to blame意为“他不是那个应该受责备的人”。【答案】C,5(2006年福建卷)_for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits.ABlaming BBlamedCTo blame DTo be blamed【解析】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意为：Alice因为电脑网络故障被责备，情绪很低落。非谓语形式用做原因状语，主语是这个动作的承受者，故用过去分词blame。D项to be blamed有将要的意味。【答案】
20、B,6Dont always_your own failure_others.Sometimes you yourself_.Ablame；on；are to be blamedBblame；for；are to blameCblame；on；are to blameDblame；for；are to be blamed【解析】句意为：不要总把失败归咎于他人。有时该责怪你自己。blame sth.on sb.把归咎于某人；be to blame该受责备，要用主动式表被动意义。【答案】C,7Shell_the blame_us if it turns out badly.Alay；for Bpu
21、t；onCbear；for Dget；on【解析】bear the blame for对负责。【答案】C,absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心；并入，并吞,I was so absorbed in this book that I didnt hear you come in.我正入神地看这本书，连你进来也没听见。Absorbed in his work，Tom simply forgot food and sleep.汤姆专心于工作，几乎忘记了吃饭和睡觉。The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into it
22、s own organization.这家大公司渐渐把这些小公司吞并了。,8_in her new novel，the young writer kept thinking and writing for a dozen hours in her study.AHaving deeply absorbedBDeeply absorbingCDeeply having been absorbedDDeeply absorbed【解析】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。短语be absorbed in的意思为“专心于”。【答案】D,9It is very quiet in the classroom.Th
23、e students are all _reading books.Aabsorbed Babsorbed inCabsorbing in Dabsorb【解析】本题意为：教室里很安静，学生们在全心全意读书。be absorbed in doing sth.专心做某事。【答案】B,10So absorbed in the detective story_that he didnt notice his father speaking to him.Ahe was Bwas heCdid he Dhe did【解析】首先根据词语用法be absorbed in判断，排除C、D两个选项，再根据so
24、在倒装句中的用法选择B项。【答案】B,contribute vt.&vi.捐款；贡献；捐助,All the people in our school contributed something to the disaster areas in Sichuan.我们学校所有的人都向四川灾区捐献了东西。He contributed some articles to the newspaper.他给报社投了几篇稿。A proper amount of exercise contributes to good health.适度运动有益于健康。,make great contributions to
25、对有贡献He has made great contributions to a space development program.他对太空发展计划有很大贡献。,Many people contributed money to the poor boy，which contributed to his returning to school.A writer wrote a story about it and contributed it to a newspaper.许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐钱，这使他重新回到了校园。一位作家写了一篇关于此事的文章并把它投到了报社。,11To be ho
26、nest，my carelessness_a lot to my failure.Acontributed BdonatedCprovided Doffered【解析】句意为：说实话，我的失败主要是因为我的粗心大意。contribute to导致。donate捐献；provide提供；offer(主动)提供。【答案】A,attend vt.&vi.(1)出席，参加attend a meeting/a lecture/school参加会议/听报告/上学The manager failed to attend the meeting because of on business.经理因出差未能出席
27、这次会议。(2)照顾，护理attend on/upon sb.伺候某人；照顾某人Jane has attended on her sick mother of years.简多年来一直照顾她有病的母亲。,(3)attend to 处理，注意，专心于，照料Excuse me，but I have an urgent matter to attend to.对不起，我有件急事要办。You must attend to your work.你必须专心于你的工作。,12I always have so many things to_when I come back to the company aft
28、er a trip abroad.Aadd toBcontribute toCattend to Dappeal to【解析】句意为：当我每次出国回到公司时，我总有很多事要处理。attend to处理。A项，“增加”；B项，“起作用，导致”；D项，“恳求，请求；吸引”，这三项都不符合句意。【答案】C,13The Browns sent lots of invitations for their party.But because of the improper time，few people_it.Aattended BacceptedCreceived Dtook part in【解析】横线
29、后面的it起着关键性的作用，它代替的应该是party，而不能是复数名词invitations，所以使用attend，表示“参加宴会”。【答案】A,put forward提出，建议；推荐；将提前She put forward some good proposals for educational reform.她为教育改革提出了一些很好的建议。Her name was put forward as the best for the job.她被推荐为这项工作的最佳人选。Put the clock forward by 5 minutes.把表拨快5分钟。,(1)come up with 提出，想
30、出He came up with a good idea at the meeting.在会议上他提出一个好主意。(2)come up被提出The question came up at the meeting.那个问题在会议上被提出。,14No one has_anything better than the plan now under consideration.Aput forward Bcome upCput toward Dcome up to【解析】本题考查动词词组辨析。put forward a plan意为“提出计划”。come up with可表示“提出”，故可排除B、D项
31、。【答案】A,15Considering your salary，you should be able to_at least twenty dollars a week.Aput forward Bput upCput out Dput aside【解析】句意为“就你的工资而言，每周你应至少存20美元”。put forward提出；put up张贴；put out扑灭；put aside储存。【答案】D,Neither its cause，nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道其起因，又不知道它的治疗方法。neither.nor.既不，也不，连接句中两个相同成分
32、。Neither my father nor I was there.我父亲和我都不在那里。He neither drinks，smokes，nor eats meat.他不喝酒、不抽烟，也不吃肉。Neither do I want to know it，nor do I care about it.我既不想知道，也不关心。,16(2008年辽宁卷)Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by Jason，and_.AI was neither Bneither was ICI was either Deither was I【解析】句意为
33、：比尔对Jason做报告推迟这件事表示不高兴，我也不高兴。根据题意可知，我也不(高兴)，neither/nor系动词/助动词/情态动词sb.表示某人也不(同意或赞成上文的观点)，易把either看做neither，无either was I句式，故选B。【答案】B,17(2007年全国卷)If Joes wife wont go to the party，_.Ahe will either Bneither will heChe neither will Deither he will【解析】考查固定句型。句意为：如果Joe的妻子不参加晚会，他也不参加。“neither系动词/情态动词/助动词
34、主语”表示“某人/物也不”。either置于句末，也可表示“也”的意思，但它须与否定句连用。【答案】B,18(2007年辽宁卷)I have been living in the United States for twenty years，but seldom_so lonely as now.Ahave I felt BI had feltCI have felt Dhad I felt【解析】本题考查时态和倒装的用法。否定副词seldom提前引导句子的倒装。【答案】A,19(2007年上海卷)How was the televised debate last night?Super！Ra
35、rely_so much media attention.Aa debate attracted Bdid a debate attractCa debate attract Dattracted a debate【解析】rarely，seldom，never等否定副词位于句首时用部分倒装，即把助动词提前。【答案】B,So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次爆发霍乱时，都有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。,（1）every time引导一个时间状语从句，相当于whenever,意思是“每当
36、”。（2）名词词组作连词用，引导时间状语从句的有：every time,each time,any time,the last time,next time,the first time,the moment,the second,the minute,the hour,the day等。（3）有些副词,如directly,instantly,immediately也可引导状语从句。,Every time I catch a cold，I have pains in my back.我每次感冒背就痛。The first time I climbed onto the wall，I felt v
37、ery nervous.我第一次爬到墙上去时，感到很紧张。She let out a cry the moment she saw the snake.她一看到蛇就叫了起来。I left immediately the clock struck 5.钟刚敲了五下我就离开了。,(1)for the first time是介词短语，只可作时间状语，而the first time是连词，引导时间状语从句。(2)It is the first time that.如果前面用is，从句动词用现在完成时；如果用was，则用过去完成时。(3)Its high/about time that.从句动词用过去时
38、或should动词原形。It is the first time that I have been to Beijing.这是我第一次去北京。It is high time that we left for Beijing.该到我们出发去北京的时间了。,20(2009年辽宁卷)Its the first time that he has been to Australia，_？Aisnt he Bhasnt heCisnt it Dhasnt it【解析】句意为：这是他第一次到澳大利亚，不是吗？Its the first time that.是固定句型，反意疑问句的构成需依据主句的主语和谓语而
39、定。【答案】C,21(2009年陕西卷)This is the first time we_a film in the cinema together as a family.Asee Bhad seenCsaw Dhave seen【解析】句意为：这是我们全家第一次到电影院看电影。“This/It is the序数词time that 从句”为固定句型，that从句需用现在完成时。【答案】D,22Dont stop_you meet with a word you dont understand.Aat the time Beach timeCby the time Dsometimes【解
40、析】考查名词性词组用做连词引导时间状语从句。句意为：不要每次遇到不理解的词就停下来。有类似用法的还有：next time(下次)，last time(上次)，the moment(一就)等。而A、D两项不能连接句子，C项意义不对。【答案】B,23(2009年云南玉溪模拟)_you talk to someone or write a message，you show your skills to others.AAt times BSome timeCEvery time DThe time【解析】句意为：每次你与别人交谈或写信息，你都向别人展示你的技能。every time是名词词组用做连词
41、，引导时间状语从句。【答案】C,.单词拼写1We had _(分析)the problem carefully before making the decision.【答案】analysed2The police suspect that the two crimes may be_(联系)【答案】linked,3He_(结束)by wishing everyone a safe trip home.【答案】concluded4He was brave enough to_(揭露)this terrible criminal.【答案】expose5The government has_(宣布)
42、plans to create 10,000 new jobs.【答案】announced,.选词填空in addition;put forward;be very strict with;apart from;make sense1Why did you_such a view at yesterdays meeting?【答案】put forward2_the injuries to his face and hands，he broke both legs.【答案】Apart from,3The sentence at the end of the passage doesnt _，so
43、 it is better to cut it out.【答案】make sense4I have no time to go to the movies.And_，I am not interested in the film.【答案】in addition5She_us，and we know it is of great help to us.【答案】is very strict with,.巧思妙解1Every one of us must know：_we live can we save the earth.Aby changing the way onlyBonly by cha
44、nging the wayCby only changing the wayDby changing only the way【解析】空格后为倒装语序，判定选项应为only介词短语。【答案】B,2_by keeping down costs will PowerData hold its advantage over other companies.AOnlyBJustCStill DYet【解析】only介词短语结构。【答案】A,3Only then_how much damage had been caused.Ashe realized Bshe had realizedChad she
45、 realized Ddid she realize【解析】only状语从句放于句首，主句用倒装语序。【答案】D,4Only after my friend came_.Adid the computer repairBhe repaired the computerCwas the computer repairedDthe computer was repaired【解析】only介词短语放于句首引起倒装，计算机的维修又属被动结构，故选C。【答案】C,5I didnt invite him to the party but he came anyway and got completely
46、 drunk._he hadnt come！The party could have been a success.AHow come BOnly ifCWhat if DIf only【解析】由上下文语境可看出，空格处表示对过去动作的虚拟，if only要是就好了。后句意为：要是他没来就好了！聚会本来会很成功。A项，怎么会；B项，只要；C项，倘若将会怎样，这三项均不符合句意。【答案】D,.语法专练本单元语法过去分词作定语和表语1(2010届东城检测)Subway Line 4，_into use in September 2009，has made traveling in Beijing
47、easier.Ahaving been put BputtingCbeing put Dput,【解析】考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词题目的解题核心在于找出非谓语动词的逻辑主语，然后判断该逻辑主语与此非谓语动词之间的关系。同时要记住以下要点：不定式表示将来的动作；动名词相当于名词；现在分词表示主动或者正在进行的动作；过去分词表示被动或者已经完成的动作。此处逻辑主语是Subway Line 4，与put之间构成动宾关系，现在分词的完成式不作定语，排除A；B项表主动关系；C项表示“正在被投入使用”，据此选D项。【答案】D,2“Things_never come again！”I couldnt hel
48、p talking to myself.Alost BlosingCto lose Dhave lost【解析】前句意为“失物难寻！”，所以应用过去分词表动作完成，相当于which were lost。【答案】A,3The international agreement，_encourage children not to smoke and help people kick the habit，was signed on February 27.Aintending to Bbeing intended toCintended to Dto intend to【解析】“intended to
49、.”是过去分词作定语，意思是“目的是”，相当于定语从句“which was intended to.”。【答案】C,4It is one of the funniest things_on the Internet so far this year.Afinding Bbeing foundCto find Dfound【解析】此题考查非谓语动词作定语的用法。根据句意“这是今年迄今为止在网络上被发现的最有趣的事情之一”可知，“发现”与所修饰名词things之间构成被动关系，故可排除A项和C项。being found作定语须表示“正在被发现的”，与题意不符。用过去分词作定语表示被动或完成，即“已经被发现”。【答案】D,5Can those_at the back of the classroom hear me?No problem.Aseat BsitCseated Dsat【解析】seated作定语修饰those。sit是不及物动词，不能用于过去分词作定语。【答案】C,
