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1、美国名人乔治娅欧姬芙Georgia0,Keeffeplaystopmutemaxvolume00:00-14:46repeatByCatyWeaver2004-9-11(THEME)VOICEONE:mGwenOuten.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmberwithPeopleinAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.Todaywetellaboutoneofthegreatestpaintersofthetwentiethcentury,GeorgiaOKeeffe.(THEME)VOICEONE:Americahasproducedmanygreatpainter
2、sinthepastone-hundredyears.GeorgiaOKeeffeisoneofthemostpopularandeasilyrecognizedartists.Peopledonotmistakeherworkforanyoneelse,s.Peoplecanimmediatelyidentifyherpaintingsofhuge,colorfulflowersorbonesindream-likedeserts.GeorgiaOKeeffesaidshedidnotknowhowshegottheideatobeanartist.But,shesaidztheideaca
3、meearly.Sherememberedannouncingwhenshewastwelveyearsoldthatsheplannedtobeanartist.VOICETWO:Georgiawasbornineighteeneightyseven,thesecondofsevenchildren.HerparentsweresuccessfulfarmersinthemiddlewesternstateofWisconsin.Georgiasmotheralsohadculturalinterests.ShemadesurethatGeorgiaandhersistersstudieda
4、rtzinadditiontotheirusualschoolsubjects.BythetimeGeorgiawassixteen,theOKeeffefamilyhadmovedtoWilliamsburgzVirginia.AfterGeorgiafinishedschool,sheattendedtheArtInstituteofChicago,Illinois.Georgiawasespeciallypleasedwiththehelpshegotfromherteacher,JohnVanderpoel.ShelaterwrotethatJohnVanderpoelwasoneof
5、thefewrealteacherssheknew.VOICEONE:Innineteen-oh-sevenzOKeeffebeganayearattheArtStudentsLeagueinNewYorkCity.ThefamouspainterWilliamMerrittChasewasoneofherteachers.ChasehadagreatinfluenceonOKeeffesearlyartisticdevelopment.Shedescribedhimasfreshzfullofenergyandfierce.Sheseemedtounderstandandagreewithh
6、isstyleofpainting.Then,innineteen-oh-eightzGeorgiaOKeeffelefttheworldoffineart.ShemovedbacktoChicagoandworkedintheadvertisingbusiness.Shedrewpicturesofproductstobesold.HerparentshadbeenstrugglingfinanciallyforsometimeinVirginia.Laterzhermotherbecamesickwithtuberculosis.Somearthistorianssuspectthesew
7、erethemainreasonsGeorgiaOKeeffespentfouryearsinbusinessinsteadofcontinuingherstudies.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:Innineteentwelve,OKeeffereturnedtoartschoolattheUniversityofVirginiainCharlottesville.ArtistandteacherArthurWesleyDowtaughtthatartshouldfillspaceinabeautifulway.Thistheoryinfluencedandchangedherwork.
8、OKeefealsolearnedabouttheRussianpainterWassilyKandinsky.Hewantedartiststorepresenttheinnerspiritinouterthings.OKeeffeconsideredKandinsky1Swritingsatreasure.Shereadthemthroughoutherlife.VOICEONE:Innineteenfifteen,GeorgiaOKeeffedecidedthatmuchofwhatshehadbeentaughtinartschoolwasoflittlevalue.Shedecide
9、dtohangrecentworkshehaddoneonthewallofherhome.Sheexamineditanddidnotfindherselfintheart.Shewrotethatshehadbeentaughttoworklikeothers.Shedecidedthenthatshewouldnotspendherlifedoingwhathadalreadybeendone.GeorgiaOKeeffebegantosearchforherownstyle.Sheusedonlycharcoal,theblackmaterialmadefromburnedwood.I
10、nherbookaboutherlife,shewrotethatshedecidedtolimitherselftocharcoaluntilshefoundshereallyneededcolortodowhatsheneededtodo.Shewrotethatsixmonthslatershefoundsheneededthecolorblue.SheuseditforawatercolorpaintingshecalledBlueLines.VOICETWO:GeorgiaOKeeffehadmetthefamousartcriticandphotographerAlfredStie
11、glitz(STEEG-Iits)athisNewYorkCitygalleryinnineteen-oh-eight.Theirfriendshipgrewastheywroteletterstoeachother.Innineteenfifteen,OKeeffetoldafriendthatshewantedherarttopleaseAlfredStieglitzmorethananyoneelse.ThatfriendshowedOKeeffescharcoaldrawingstoStieglitz.Stieglitzlikedherdrawingsenoughtoshowthemi
12、nhisartgallery,calledTwoNinetyOne.VOICEONE:AlfredStieglitzwasamajorforcebehindshowsofGeorgiaOKeeffesworkforthenexttwenty-fiveyears.Herfirstindividualshowathisgallerywaswellreceived.Shesoldherfirstpieceatthatshowinnineteenseventeen.StieglitzbecameOKeeffesstrongestsupporter.Sevenyearslaterhebecameherh
13、usband.Hewastwenty-fouryearsolderthanhisnewwife.TherelationshipbetweenGeorgiaOKeeffeandAlfredStieglitzwasnotaneasyone.OKeeffeoncesaidthattoherhewasmuchmorewonderfulinhisworkthanasahumanbeing.Butzshealsosaidshelovedhimforwhatseemedclearandbrightandwonderful.Thetworemainedmarrieduntilhisdeathinninetee
14、nfortysix.(MUSIC)VOICETWO:GeorgiaOKeeffealsohadalongloverelationshipwiththesouthwesternpartoftheUnitedStates.Thedesertenvironmentwasthesubjectofmanyofherpaintings.OKeeffehadmovedtothestateofTexaswhenshewastwenty-five.Sheacceptedatwo-yearpositionassupervisorofartinthepublicschoolsofAmariIIozTexas.1.a
15、ter,shetaughtinasmalltown.Shewroteaboutlongwalksonnarrowpathsinacanyonnearthattown.Thedangerousclimbsinandoutofthecanyonwerelikenothingshehadknownbefore.Shewrotethatmanypaintingscamefromexperienceslikethat.Inonesuchpainting,thecanyonisshownasahugedeepholeofmanycolors-redszorangesandyellows.Itlooksas
16、ifitisonfire.Thecanyonfillsmostofthepicture.Asmallareaofblueskyinthedistancelendsadditionaldepthtothepicture.VOICEONE:Innineteenthirty,GeorgiaOKeeffebeganspendingmostofhersummersinthestateofNewMexico.Shecalleditthefaraway.Shepaintedbigpicturesofdesertflowersandthehighrockyhills.Shealsobegantopaintpi
17、cturesofthebonesshefoundduringwalksnearhersummerhome.Mostofherpaintingssharethequalitiesoflargenessofsubjectandrichnessofcolor.Theartistdiscussedthosetwoqualitiesinherbook,calledGeorgiaOKeefe.Shewrotethatcolorismoreexactinmeaningthanwords.Later,shewrotethatshefoundshecouldsaythingswithcolorandshapet
18、hatshecouldnotexpressinwords.Shealsospokeofaspecialneedtopainthersubjectslargerthantheyareinlife.Sheseemedtowanttoforcepeopletoseemoredeeplyintoobjectssuchasflowers.Shetriedtoshowthedifferentshapesandcolorswithinasingleflower.TheartistsaidshewouldmakeevenbusyNewYorkerstaketimetoseewhatshesawinflower
19、s.VOICETWO:OKeeffewasangeredbysomecriticismofherworkovertheyears.Sherejectedcriticsclaimsthattherewasdeepsexualmeaninginherpaintingsofflowers.Shesaidthatpeoplelinkedtheirownexperienceofaflowertoherpaintings.Shesuggestedthatcriticswroteaboutherflowerpaintingsasiftheyknewwhatshewasseeingandthinking.Bu
20、t,shesaid,theydidnotknow.GeorgiaOKeeffealwaysarguedthatwhatothersthinkoftheartistsworkisnotimportant.Sheoncewrotetoafriend,.lldoasIplease.VOICEONE:GeorgiaOKeeffeboughtherfirsthouseinNewMexicoinnineteenforty.AfterAlfredStieglitzdied,shemovedtothefarawaypermanently.ShelivedinNewMexicofortherestofherli
21、fe.Intheearlynineteenseventies,OKeeffebeganlosinghersightbecauseofaneyedisease.Shestoppedworkingwithoilpaints,butcontinuedtoproducewatercolorpaintings.Aroundthesametime,shemetayoungartistwhowouldbecomeveryimportanttoher.JuanHamiltonmadepottery,objectsofclay.HebecameOKeeffesassistantandfriend.Theyals
22、otravelledtogether.Butintheearlynineteen-eightiesGeorgiaOKeeffeshealthfailedseverely.Shediedinnineteen-eighty-si.Shewasninety-eight.VOICETWO:GeorgiaOKeefereceivedmanyhonorsduringherlonglife.PresidentGeraldFordpresentedherwiththeMedalofFreedominnineteen-seventy-seven.Eightyearslater,PresidentRonaldRe
23、aganawardedhertheNationalMedalofArts.Studentsandexpertscontinuetostudyandwriteaboutherwork.Herpaintingsareshownaroundtheworld.And,morethanone-millionpeoplehavevisitedtheGeorgiaOKeeffeMuseuminNewMexicosinceitopenedinnineteen-ninety-seven.(THEME)VOICEONE:ThisprogramwaswrittenbyCatyWeaver.ItwasproducedbyLawanDavis.mGwenOuten.VOICETWO:AndmSteveEmber.ListenagainnextweekforPeopleInAmericainVOASpecialEnglish.
