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1、Chinese Banking System vsAmerican Banking System,Chinese Banking system,Peoples Bank of China,The PBC was established on December 1,1948 based on the consolidation of the former Huabei Bank,Beihai Bank and Xibei Farmer Bank.PBC engaged in both policy and commercial banking operations.Its headquarter
2、 is in Shanghai In September 1983,the State Council decided to have the PBC function as a central bank.In 1995,The Law of the Peoples Republic of China on the Peoples Bank of China was enacted,and this law was amended in 2003.,PBCs Functions,Conduct monetary policy Prevent and dissolve financial ris
3、ks Maintain financial stability under the leadership of the State Council,Commercial Banks in China,state-owned commercial banks,Joint-equity commercial banks,Other Chinese Banks,Foreign Commercial Banks,Reform,At first,there four wholly state-owned commercial banks After chinas entry to the WTO,the
4、 government started to implement a phased reform.The financial restructuring started with the BOC(the Bank of China)and the CCB at the end of 2003,and then 2005 the ICBC.At present,there is only one wholly state-owned commercial bank-ABC.,State-owned Commercial banks,The Industrial and Commercial Ba
5、nk of China(ICBC)set up in 1984 The agricultural Bank of China(ABC)The Bank of China(BOC)The China Construction Bank(CCB),Joint-equity Commercial banks股份制商业银行,14 nationwide Joint-equity Commercial banksChina Minsheng Bank，Huaxia Bank，Everbright Bank of China，CITIC Industrial Bank，Bank of China，Const
6、ruction Bank of China Evergrowing Bank Co,ltd(恒丰银行)Shanghai Pudong Development Bank，Bank of Communications；China Zheshang Bank Industrial Bank（兴业银行）；Shenzhen Development Bank；China merchants bank(招商银行）；Guangdong Development Bank。,Local commercial banks:Bank of Beijing Bank of Shanghai Credit Associa
7、tion:Rural Credit Union and Cooperative Banks post office savings bank,Others,Foreign Banks,National City Bank of New York Hong Kong and Shang Hai Banking CorporationThe Charted Bank Bank of East Asia Hang Seng BankDBS Group 星展银行（中国）有限公司 PS:In 2007,the six banks mentioned above can engage in RMB bus
8、iness.,Policy Banks,Agricultural Development Bank of China,The State Development Bank,The Export and Import Bank of China,Policy Banks,These three policy banks were established in 1994 to facilitate the separation of policy banking from commercial baking operations They play a special role in financ
9、ing major infrastructural projects and promoting agricultural development and international trade and investment,American Banking System,美国金融体系,A Brief History,the 1st bank 1782.1,Bank of North America was set up officially managed privately1791-the first bank of the United States1817-the second ban
10、k of the United Statesfree-banking era:1837-1862,US has no official central banks1862-1913，a national bank was formed,截止到1995年底，美国共有商业银行12067家，比高峰时期已经减少了36。至2003年年底美国有7800多家银行。在美国银行体系中，资本在10亿美元以下的小银行占了绝大多数。美国的8500家银行中，中小银行占银行总数的八成，却只控制着总计11.4%的银行资本。,News,美国银行业监管部门联邦储蓄保险公司（FDIC）2009年2月26日公布的报告显示，随着住房
11、和信贷危机升级，去年第四季度美国银行业出现18年来的首次季度亏损。报告说，美国商业银行和吸储机构去年第四季度共亏损262亿美元，为1990年第四季度以来的首次季亏，也是FDIC开始此项统计25年来的最高季度亏损额。去年全年，美国银行业共实现盈利161亿美元，为1990年以来最低。报告显示，在全美约8500家商业银行和吸储机构中，截至第四季度末共有252家被列入“问题银行”名单，远高于第三季度末的171家；银行业“问题资产”（即还款逾期90天以上的贷款）从前一季度的1160亿美元升至1590亿美元。年初以来，共有14家商业银行和吸储机构被关闭，去年全年为25家。FDIC估计，银行倒闭事件不断增加
12、将使该机构的“存款保险基金”在未来4年内损失约400亿美元。截至去年年底，该基金余额为189亿美元，远低于一年前的524亿美元，为1993年以来最低水平。,Federal Reserve Banks,U.S.FRS was established in 1913,when there existance of a lot shortcomings.Currently,there are 12 regional federal reserve banks and 25 branches.,Federal Reserve Bank of Boston/NY/Philadephia/Clevelan
13、d/Richmand/Atlanta/Chicago/ST.Louis/Minneapolis/Kansas City/Dallas/San Francisco,Functions of FRS,Monetary policyTreasury agentSupervision of private banksPrevent and dissolve financial risks,Commercial Banking System,The biggest institution for deposits,almost controling of the national deposits.50
14、 biggest ones and 10 super ones National banksCategories State banks Non-state member banksOthers：private banks，bankers banks，Trusts，industrial banks and some saving banks。,美国的商业银行总是和大财团有着密切相关，并与其财团所拥有的大公司有着密切的金融关系和人事结合关系,Some Famous Commercial Banks,Citibank and Citigroup Inc.Bank of America and Ba
15、nk America Corp.JP Morgan Chase,Chemical banks and Chemical New York Corp.Manufacturers Hanover Trust CompanyUS Bancorp（美国合众银行）United Commercial Bank(联合银行集团),Wachovia Washington Mutual Sun Trust bankers trust company,Savings Institutions,Mutual savings banks美国互助储蓄银行Savings and loan associations 储蓄放款
16、协会Credit union 信贷公会,Specialized financial institutions of the Government 政府专业金融机构,Agricultural credit institutions Federal Land Banks Federal Intermediate Credit Bank Banks for Cooperatives Federal Home Loan Bank System Home credit institutions Federal National Mortgage Association Federal deposit insurance corporation Export-import bank of the United States,references:http:/,
