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1、第二节 词义的具体化、概括化和褒贬色彩一、词义的具体化1.The Great Wall is a must for most foreign visitors to Beijing.2.Two years working is a must to the people who want to take up graduated examination.,长城是任何一个外国游客必不可少的参观游览项目。,对于要参加研究生考试的人来说，两年的工龄是必备条件。,3.But I suspected that if I tried to release the wolf,she would turn ag
2、gressive and try to tear me to pieces.,可是我想，要是我去放这只狼，她会凶狠地扑过来，要把我撕成碎片。,4.On the other hand,the move undoubtedly convinced Hitler that we intended to push the Italian campaign as a major operation.,另一方面，这次行动无疑地使希特勒深信我们打算把意大利战役作为一场大仗来打。,5.“Well I wonder what you will be tomorrow,Colonel,after the Pres
3、ident signs the bill?”,哎呀，上校，我不知道明天总统签署了这个议案以后，人家又会给您加上个什么头衔呢？,二、词义的概括化1.China has been the tabernacle of justice.2.It was considerable occasion for him at the meeting.He was riding high.,中国一直是正义的化身和象征。,直译：他在会议上洋洋自得，出尽了风头。（嘲讽的意味）抽象化引申为：他成了会上的风云人物。,3.Then this girl gets killed,because shes always spe
4、eding.4.If you dare to play the fox with me,Ill shoot you at once.,今后这姑娘会断送性命的，因为她总是违反交通规则。,你要是敢和我耍滑头，我马上毙了你。,5.George likes to work with his hand;when it comes to books,hes a square peg in a round hole.6.The matter was finally settled under the table.7.He earns scarcely enough to keep body and soul
5、 together.,乔治喜欢干手工活，对念书可是格格不入。,事情终天私下解决了。,他挣的钱几乎难以维持生活。,三、词义的褒贬色彩1.Mr.Brown felt greatly flattered when he received the invitation to deliver a lecture.,布朗先生接到作演讲的邀请时，感到非常荣幸。（褒义）,Hans was too obviously flattering the gentleman by saying he was the most courageous man he had ever seen.Youre flatterin
6、g me by saying that.,汉斯说，这位先生是他所见到过的最有胆识的人，这种阿谀奉承未免过于露骨。（贬义）,你那么说，就过奖了。（中性）,2.This is our scheme for the terms work.The enemys scheme went bankrupt.,这是我们这学期的工作计划。（褒义）,敌人的阴谋破产了。（贬义）,3.She knows Peter to be industrious and clever.He is too clever for us.,她知道彼得既勤奋又聪明。（褒义）,他太狡猾了。（贬义）,4.He is very much i
7、nterested in politics.Mary always gets what she wants by playing office politics.,他对政治很有兴趣。（褒义）,玛丽总是靠耍手腕来达到她的目的。（贬义）,5.Many famous people are surprising humble.The arrogant policeman is very humble toward his superiors.,许多名人都惊人的谦虚。（褒义）,那位神气十足的警察见了他的上司谦卑恭顺。（贬义）,6.The adoption of the new policies will
8、 surely lead to some striking result.There would have seen more painful result but for the drastic measure.,采取各项新的政策必将带来某些显著成果。（褒义）,若不是采取了严厉措施，将会出现更惨痛的后果。（贬义）,另外还有一些英语词既有褒义又有贬义。例如：1.aggressive2.plot3.champion4.future,有进取心的；侵略性的,故事；阴谋,英雄，冠军；罪魁祸首,前途；下场,5.ambitious6.envy7.As luck would have it8.exploit,有雄心的；野心勃勃的,羡慕；嫉妒,很走运；真倒霉,开发利用；剥削,练习3.Im afraid shes too far from the cradle for you.7.I was not one to let my heart rule my head.,恐怕她对你来说岁数太大了。,我不是那种让感情统治理智的人。,
