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1、Intensive Reading 宾语从句Joanna,一.宾语从句的定义置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词（afraid,sure,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。宾语从句中引导词的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有：连词：that(that 常可省略),whether,if代词：who,whose,what,which副词：when,where,how,why 等。,（一）that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that可以省略）,可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：sa
2、y,think,insist,wish,hope,demand,imagine,wonder,know,suppose,see,believe,agree,admit,deny,expect,explain,order,command,feel,dream,suggest,hear,mean,notice,prefer,request,require,propose,declare,report等。注意事项：当主句谓语动词是 think,believe,suppose,expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。例句：I dont think it is right
3、for him to treat you like that.,在以下情况中that不能省略当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。例句：He said(that)you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。例句：Just then I noticed,for the first time,that our master was wearing his
4、 fine green coat and his black silk cap.当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。例句：I cant tell him that his mother died.注意事项：许多带复合宾语的句子，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用it作形式宾语。例句：I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.,二）由whether,if 引导的宾语从句,由whether(if)引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是“是否”。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。一般说来，在宾
5、语从句中whether与if可以互换使用，但在特殊情况下if与whether是不能互换的。例句：I wonder whether(if)they will come to our party.,能用whether，不能用if引导的宾语从句在带to的不定式前例句：We decided whether to walk there.在介词的后面例句：Im thinking of whether we should go to see the film.在动词后面的宾语从句时例句：We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week 直接与or
6、not连用时例句：I cant say whether or not thet can come on time.,只能用if不能用whether引导的宾语从句if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”例句：The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.if引导否定概念的宾语从句时例句：He asked if I didnt come to school yesterday.引导状语从句even if（即使）和as if（好象）时例句：He talks as if he has known all about it.,宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述
7、句语序即：连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。例句如下：I dont know what they are looking for.Could you tell me when the train will leave?Can you imagine what kind of man he is?,主、从句时态一致主句谓语过去时，从句相应过去时；He answered that he was listening to me.主句谓语现在时，从句时态任所需；eg He says(that)he will leave a message on my desk.They know(that)he
8、is working hard.具体过去永不变，真理格言现在时；egHe told me that he was born in 1980.Father told me that practice makes perfect.,五.宾语从句的特点宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义，不充当句子成份，多数情况下可以省略。whether 和 if 都可引导宾语从句，但 whether后可紧跟or not；whether从句可作介词的宾语。如果从句太长，可以用形式宾语it.,Exercises,1Can you see_
9、A.what hes reading B.what is he reading C.what does he read D.he reads what 2Does Jack come from Japan?Do you know?(合并成一个句子)Do you know_if_Jack _comes_from Japan 3_What did your son say in the letter _He told me that he_ the Disney would the next day A.will visit B.has visited C.is going to visit D.
10、would visit 4He didnt know_ A.whats the matter B.what the matter is C.what was the matter D.what the matter was 5Somebody called you just now,but I didnt know_ A.who were they B.who they were C.who was it D.who it was,6I want to know_ A.what is his name B.whats his name C.that his name is D.what his
11、 name is 7-Could you tell me _she is looking for-Her cousin,susan.A.that B.whose C.who D.which 8-What are you searching the Internet for-Im trying to find out_.A.What is the difference between SARS and BIRDFLU B.How many persons have died in Iraq C.How to protect our environment D.Why is our Chinese team be able to beat Korea 9 Do you know_?(谁正在唱歌)10 Do you know_?(她正在和谁谈话)11 Do you know?(昨天发生了什么事,
